Eminye imithombo yamandla kanye nokusebenza kwayo

Ezweni nezinkinga zanamuhla ngokwanele. Naphezu izibikezelo ezesayensi, abantu baye bahluleka ukunqoba indlala ezithathelwanayo izifo, futhi kuze kube namuhla banciphisa obubulalayo ukuphila nempilo kubantu abaphila emhlabeni. Kodwa izinkinga eyinhloko ukukhathala kwezinsiza, okunikeza amandla impucuko yethu. Isixazululo kungaba ehlukile imithombo emisha amandla. Asho ukuthini leli gama?

Kuyini lokhu?

Uma sikubeka kalula, umthombo ababezibheka energy - kuyinqubo esinjalo ekuwulungiseleleni, okuyinto alisetshenziswa ngezinga ezimbonini, ke iyahlolwa futhi kuphela silungiselela ukusetshenziswa ebanzi emhlabeni wonke. Kodwa isici esiyinhloko yalezi zindlela yokuthola amandla iba ukulondeka kwabo umnyuziki kwemvelo futhi renewability.

Lezi akunakubangelwa amandla Wind, ama-solar panel, iziteshi zikagesi abasebenza amandla olwandle. Ngaphezu kwalokho, e ekilasini efanayo akunakubangelwa izitshalo biogas, kanye namaphrojekthi eside Fusion izindawo (Nokho elula).

solar

Lokhu imithombo non-evamile yamandla yigama, "non-bendabuko" kusengathiwa kuphela. Isizathu kuphela ubuchwepheshe bamanje amandla elanga emhlabeni akuyona naye: umthelela ukungcola komoya, kanye nama-solar namanje ibiza kakhulu. Space - enye indaba. panel Solar ayatholakala zonke mkhathi futhi njalo ukunikeza imishini yabo amandla khulula.

Akubalulekile ukuphetha ngokuthi lokhu "unconventional" umthombo wamandla idonse amehlo abantu esikhathini sethu kuphela. Sun - kuyinto oludlulele ukushisa umthombo kusukela ezikhathini zasendulo. Enye impucuko of Sumer wasebenzisa amandla phezu ophahleni lwezindlu, lapho amanzi ukufuthelana ngezinsuku olushisayo lwasehlobo.

Ngomqondo onabile, njengoba isimo ayikashintshi kakhulu: ukuthuthukisa ngempumelelo le energy kuphela kulawo mazwe lapho kukhona ugwadule ezindaweni ezishisayo ucingo. Ngakho, ingxenye enkulu Israyeli futhi California e-United States ithola amandla akhishwa ama-solar panel. Izinzuzo le ndlela sishoda: amaseli yesimanje solar zihlukile kahle eliphezulu, ukuze unyaka ngamunye emhlabeni bazokwazi ukukhiqiza ezingasho ngokuphelele amandla ahlanzekile futhi aphephile.

Ngeshwa, intengo ubuchwepheshe (njengoba sishilo) namanje okusezingeni eliphezulu, nokukhiqizwa kwezincwadi amabhethri kusetshenziswa njengoba izakhi ezinobuthi ukuthi sixoxe ngabanye ngemvelo ngokuvamile iba lutho. Eziningana ezahlukene beze amaJapane, sisetshenziswa kabanzi imithombo okungezona ezivamile futhi evuselelwako ye-eneji practice.

nakho-Japanese

Yiqiniso, i-solar panel kukhona ucishe uye wakwenza elisetshenziswa eJapane. Kodwa eminyakeni yamuva, babuyele umkhuba iminyaka eyinkulungwane yomlando: ku ophahleni lwezakhiwo efakwe amathangi kanye amapayipi amanzi amnyama ukuthi ukufuthelana kwelanga. Banikezwe Isimo sína of energy bakulezi ziqhingi, thola savings ezinkulu.

Okwamanje, abahlaziyi bakholelwa ukuthi ngo-2025 amandla elanga kuzothatha isikhundla esibalulekile emphakathini emazweni amaningi. Kafushane, ukusetshenziswa eminye imithombo kagesi eminyakeni 50-70 esilandelayo kufanele kube okukhulu.

biogas

Zonke izindawo eziyimijondolo ezinkulu wesintu kusukela kudala ebhekene nenkinga evamile - imfucuza. Lonke indle emfuleni baba nakakhulu lapho indoda ezifuywayo izinkomo izingulube waqala bakamalalahlengezela ikhule.

Lapho kwemfucuza hhayi okungaka, babengabhekwa njengabagijimi esetshenziswa zalisa Amasimu. Kodwa ngesikhathi lapho labantu nezingulube efanayo uqale izigidi, kwakudingekile ukuba ngandlela-thile ukuxazulula le nkinga. Iqiniso liwukuthi indle we kwezilwane ngefomu fresh kumane anobuthi ukuba izitshalo. Ukuze abenze ewusizo, kubalulekile ukuba silondoloze slurry, umoya, futhi ngokwengxenye ukusebenzisa izidakamizwa ukuze usimamise ezingeni pH. Kuyabiza kakhulu.

Biogas - kuyibika lasendulo!

Ososayensi kunalokho ngokushesha yabhekisela isipiliyoni China lasendulo kanye eNdiya, lapho ngaphezulu BC abantu baqala ukusebenzisa i-methane ekhiqizwa phakathi Ukugaya wasendlini. Khona-ke yona yayisetshenziswa ikakhulukazi ukupheka.

Negesi ukulahlekelwa bekukukhulu kakhulu, kodwa ukuze kube lula ke umsebenzi wesikole ngokwanele. By the way, kula mazwe, izixazululo ezinjalo ngenkuthalo esetshenziswa kuze kube yilolu suku. Ngakho, i-biogas njengenhlangano ehlukile imithombo energy isethubeni elikhulu, uma sisondela inkinga ukusetshenziswa kobuchwepheshe besimanje.

ubuchwepheshe siphakamisiwe imfucuza ukucutshungulwa imfuyo amabhizinisi, ngenxa lapho wokukhipha i-methane ehlanzekile. Inkinga yentuthuko ukuthi kudalwa izinkampani ezifana can kuphela izifunda isilwane asethuthukile. Ngaphezu kwalokho, makhulu amathemba okwandisa ukukhiqizwa biogas ingaphansi, le epulazini ukusetshenziswa enkulu kwamaphilisi kanye insipho ukuthi ngisho inani elincane kuvimbela ukuvutshelwa, okuholela zonke umquba embozwe isikhunta.

umoya ugesi

Khumbula Don Quixote nge "imidondoshiya" yakhe? Umqondo usebenzisa amandla omoya sekuyisikhathi eside wadubula izingqondo ososayensi, kodwa ngoba maduzane yathola indlela yokuphuma: windmills waqala njalo ukunikeza elikhula ngokushesha kwemiphakathi yasemadolobheni kafulawa ephezulu grade.

Yiqiniso, lapho kuqala ugesi, izingqondo ososayensi futhi walithatha umqondo ofanayo. Ngingakwazi kanjani nje abafuni ukusebenzisa amandla akhe angenamkhawulo omoya ukuze ugesi khulula?

Lo mbono ngokushesha wafakwa umkhuba, kodwa ngenxa eJapane, Denmark, Ireland ne-United States izindawo manje abaningi lapho kwegezi ngamaphesenti angu-80 noma ngaphezulu wenziwa ngokusebenzisa ophephela abaphehla ugesi. E-United States nase-Israel, namuhla kakade ngaphezu izinkampani kweshumi ukuthi ukuthuthukisa wafaka umoya ugesi - lena ethembisa kakhulu ehlukile imithombo energy. Sencazelo "non-bendabuko" akulungile kakhulu, kusukela amandla omoya linomlando omude.

Izinkinga ecaleni elaliphakathi kwabo naye olahlekile. Yiqiniso, ugesi etholwe mahhala, kodwa ukufaka wokudonsa futhi kudingeka endaweni eyihlane, lapho ingxenye enkulu yonyaka umoya uvunguza. Ngaphezu kwalokho, izindleko yokukhiqiza kanye kokufaka ephezulu egaya ugesi (nge ukuphakama insika ka amashumi amaningana of metres), amashumi ezinkulungwane zamaRandi. Ngakho-ke ukukhokhela "khulula" ugesi ngeke ukwazi wonke amazwe lapho kakhulu kungenzeka isizukulwane samanje amandla omoya ungokoqobo impela.

Fusion amandla

Yilo leli iphupho oyinhloko zesayensi eziningi zanamuhla. ukunqanda umsebenzi ukuphendula iArmagedoni waqala in the 50s kwekhulu elidlule, kodwa namanje isebenze ophendulayo ayizange wathola. Nokho, izindaba ezivela izimpi we sokulindela okuhle ngempela: i-abacwaningi basikisela ukuthi kule minyaka 20-30 esilandelayo, bayothambekela namanje uzokwazi ukudala i-prototype esebenzayo.

By the way, kungani lokhu legatsha isayensi kubaluleke kangaka? Iqiniso liwukuthi lapho ama-athomu amabili e-hydrogen ne-helium akhiqizwa amakhulu ezinkulungwane amandla izikhathi ezingaphezu kuka uma waphela eyizinkulungwane ezimbalwa uranium nuclei! Izitoke izakhi transuranic mikhulu, kodwa ziya ngokuya ngokuya isiyaphela. Uma isetshenziswa ukwenza i-hydrogen amandla, kuphela igodla emhlabeni anele amakhulu ezinkulungwane zeminyaka.

Cabanga a ophendulayo compact ezingaba isebenze ngaphandle refueling amashumi eminyaka, ukuhlinzeka ngokuphelele ugesi omkhulu base alien! A Fusion ehlukile imithombo energy - lokhu kuyithuba esisebenzayo ngaso sonke isintu, enikeza ithuba ukuqalisa ezibanzi ukuhlola umkhathi.

Ngeshwa, kwamaphutha kwezobuchwepheshe kakhulu. Okokuqala, kukhona namanje akukho-prototype ucishe ukusebenza, kanye nentuthuko kule isiqondiso bebelokhu kakhulu, isikhathi eside kakhulu. Kusukela ngaleso sikhathi, omncane wezwa ukuthi kunentuthuko yangempela.

Kwesibili, Fusion nuclei ukukhanya kwakhiwa omningi neutrons ukukhanya. Ngisho izibalo anolaka ukukhombisa ukuthi izakhi ophendulayo eminyakeni nje emihlanu lase, babe enemisebe ukuze izinto lawo bazobhujiswa, degenerated ngokuphelele. Kafushane, lobu buchwepheshe aluphelele kakhulu, kodwa izinzuzo zako zisekhona ezingacacile. Nokho, ngisho noma kuyiqiniso okungenani isilinganiso anolaka, lokhu umthombo wamandla kagesi ababezibheka wayengasho neze ube insindiso yangempela lonke impucuko yethu.

iziteshi tide

I izinganekwane kanye izinganekwane izizwe zomhlaba ungathola eziningi izinkomba amabutho yaphezulu iqondise namagagasi. Man ephefumulelwe amandla amadlingozi omkhulu ukuthi ungakwazi ukushayela anjenge yamanzi.

Yiqiniso, ukuthuthukiswa umkhakha abantu bebuyela emuva amehlo akhe amandla olwandle ukuthi uvunyelwe ukudala amandla, kakhulu ukuphinda umqondo isikhathi eside ihlolwe futhi HPP kungase kutholakale kahle. Izinzuzo - amandla ezishibhile, ukungabi Imininingwane imfucuza eyingozi kanye nesidingo umhlaba amanzi, njengoba kunjalo izitshalo Hydropower. I ethile - zibiza kakhulu ukwakhiwa.

okutholakele

Ngenxa yalokho, singasho ukuthi non-ezivamile imithombo ophinde uvuseleleke kungaba mayelana 70% ukunikeza isintu ugesi ezingabizi futhi ihlanzekile, kodwa ukusetshenziswa yabo mass kuyadingeka ukwehlisa iindleko ubuchwepheshe.