I- "Pirate" (Metal Detector): isici, ukubuyekezwa. Metal ngezandla zabo

Namuhla, abantu abaningi abanothando ekutholeni umcebo wangcwatshwa, futhi ngezinye izikhathi nje Scrap. Kwamanye kungcono wokuzilibazisa waba yokuchitha isizungu ezithakazelisayo, kodwa othile - indlela engenayo.

Isampula lokuqala zezimboni metal detector sidaliwe ngawo-1960 futhi esetshenziswa emkhakheni kanye neminye imisebenzi eyenzelwa umphakathi eyenziwa ngokuqondile.

Amadivayisi asetshenziswe okwami, ukuze uthole izikhali, ukuhlola geophysicists nemivubukulo at umcebo ekuzingeleni, futhi ukuthola izidumbu bezinye izizwe abavela emaqenjini ukudla metal. Esikhathini umkhakha wokwakha bayasebenza uzingela le ukuqinisa e zikasimende kanye piping ezindongeni. Metal imitshina nazo asetshenziswa abavukuzi steel futhi abavukuzi. A ezincwadini intuthuko kwenza kwaba lula baphendukele ekumbeni ekutholeni igolide.

Baningi abantu abanesithakazelo kule divayisi nawo wonke amashumi eminyaka edlule. Ukucinga ngoba ingcebo futhi Scrap Metal sekuwumsebenzi wokuzilibazisa athandwayo. Abanye, isibonelo, ukuya nedivaysi enjalo ogwini, ngethemba lokuthola into eyigugu.

Ubani owasungula le metal detector

On umbuzo onjani idivayisi waba ngowokuqala, kunzima ukunikeza impendulo ecacile, kusukela cishe ngesikhathi esifanayo, abaqambi abaningi ezindaweni ezihlukahlukene zezwe bakwazi ukwakha izinto okuthiwa unit wakho.

Kodwa uma sikhuluma nomuntu oyedwa ethize okungenzeka kubhekwe ngukhokho amadivayisi, kuba Yiqiniso, isazi sokuma English izimayini unjiniyela Fox. Wavula ukudlula ugesi ngokusebenzisa metal ore impahla kanye netintfo. Around 1830 uhlaziyo ukuthuthukiswa Locator lokuqala enobunye, okubandakanya ibhethri, a izinduku zensimbi ezimbalwa futhi izintambo ubude ofanele.

I metal lokuqala izindlela okwatholakala

Usesho Indlela yokuqala kanje: Ibha eyodwa metal elele phansi, lapho kufanele emkhandweni wensimbi. It ixhunywe omunye ukuphela kwe-ibhethri. Nezinye esibulalayo ixhunywe ku umqhubi elintantayo. Metal izinduku babeminyene phansi ezindaweni ezihlukahlukene kanye wire ngokulandelana wathinta. Ngo lokuthola into eyinsimbi kokuvela inhlansi.

Ngo-1870, e-ezisetshenziswayo induku ezimbili ezihlukene. Wire axhunyiwe ngokusebenzisa ibhethri, bawela phansi. Lapho ukuxhumana metal kwakhala ixwayisa ucingo.

Kudivayisi "Pirate"

Futhi manje sizobheka zesimanje ezenza. Omunye wabo - the "Pirates" - umtshina metal ukuthi usebenza conductivity kagesi, exhasa futhi izakhiwo kazibuthe we metal. By endleleni, igama ezithakazelisayo zedivayisi sithola abaqambi: PI - ishayela isimiso komsebenzi wakhe, rat - segama "Radio Scott" (abasunguli kwisayithi).

Metal "Pirate", isithombe okuyinto okwethulwa kulesi sihloko inedizayini enobunye. Ubunjwe generator zokukhiqiza zamanje kushintshana okuyinto sidlula kwekhoyili magnetic field. Uma isizinda conductive, eduze ikhoyili iseduze ke imisinga eddy ngeke amabombo metal. Lokhu Akhuthaza ukwakheka kwe-inkambu kushintshana magnetic kwensimbi. Thola i-yokugcina evumela ukusetshenziswa ohlobo elahlukile magnetic field nesilinganiso.

Izinzuzo lithathelwe

I- "Pirate" (umtshina), has a ukwakhiwa elula ukucupha iyunifomu, alinawo Uhlelo izakhi ebeziqaguliwe eziningi kangaka ukwesaba hams. Idivayisi awunankinga Wabasaqalayo. Futhi, kufanele sikhumbule ukuthi akunakuba ukuhlukanisa phakathi izinsimbi.

Metal "Pirate", ibhodi wesifunda umelwe chip NE555 (yasekhaya Analogue KR1006VI1) ayiqukethe izingxenye ezibizayo noma kunzima ukuthola. Amapharamitha Technical awusebenzi bavume ukuba angaphandle analogue, intengo okuyinto 300. e.

A inzuzo enkulu kule divayisi phezu kweminye kukhona ukuzinza kanye izimpendulo kwensimbi kude.

Uniform "Pirate" (umtshina izimfundamakhwela ziyaye) onezici ezithile. Amandla akhe 9-12 volts, kanye nezinga kwamandla kuyinto 3-40 ma. Kudivayisi azizwa lezinto kuze 150 cm.

design

I yokudlulisela nokwamukela - lawa izingxenye eziyinhloko ezakha metal "Pirate". Ibhodi wesifunda, okuyinto imodeli NE555 namandla okusezingeni eliphezulu Transistor IRF740 yingxenye esemqoka engeyokuqala okuxhunyanwa. Ingxenye eyamukelayo ababebuthene ngesisekelo chip kanye Transistor K157UD2 VS547.

Han spool athwalwa mandrel of 190 mm ububanzi kanye iqukethe 25 ematfuba wire thunga 0.5.

Transistor Bipolar NPN indawo imodeli T2 futhi voltage ka volts okungenani abangu-200. Kungathatha isibani ukonga noma idivaysi ye ukushaja ifoni ephathekayo. Ezimweni ezimbi kakhulu, kungase T2 sithathelwe indawo KT817.

Njengoba T3 bangasebenzisa noma yiluphi uhlobo NPN Transistor izifunda.

idivayisi kahle ababebuthene alidingi ukumisa eyengeziwe. Kungase kudingeke iphendukele ukusetshenziswa R12 Resistor ukuba ukuchofoza lapho Ukuhanjiswa ebonakaliswa phakathi isikhundla R13.

Lapho oscilloscope lungangamela isikhathi ukutholakala ishayela control esangweni T2 kanye oscillator imvamisa ezingeni. Kwemisebenzi yoMnyango ishayela Ubude besikhathi 130-150 ms futhi imvamisa - 120-150 Hz.

Usebenza kanjani ngensimbi yomculo

Ngemva kokuphendukela kwi "pirate" kudivayisi (umtshina) kufanele ulinde 15 noma 20 imizuzwana, ngemva kwalokho esebenzisa ukulawula ukuzwela ulungisa ukuma okuthi ngesikhathi ukunyakaza ukuchofoza ezwakalayo. Lolu chungechunge luyonikeza inkomba ukuzwela esiphezulu.

Idivayisi ine elinobunye ukuphathwa uhlelo, ngakho-ke, ekutholeni amakghono esebenza akunzima kakhulu.

Metal "Pirate" ngezandla zakhe

Abaningi uyazibuza kanjani ukwenza metal "Pirate" self-inhlangano ka iyunithi efana ngaphansi amandla abantu, ukuba nolwazi oluyisisekelo emasimini electronics ?.

Pulse umtshina "Pirate" has ezivamile futhi kufinyeleleke ukukopisha umklamo. Idivayisi iqukethe eziningi izakhi futhi kulula ukwenza ngenxa ikhoyili. Uma ubukhulu bayo kuyinto 280 mm, ke sikwazi ukubona izinto ezisukela 20 kuya kwezingu-150 cm ngosayizi.

Ukwenza metal detector "Pirate" ngezandla zakho - akunzima, okuyinto inzuzo elikhulu kule divayisi. izingxenye OMhlangano nasemaHholo atholakala kalula. Ziyakwazi ezishibhile kakhulu. Ungathenga nabo esitolo izingxenye ukuze umsakazo noma emakethe.

Uhlu izingxenye ezidingekayo womshini

Ake sizame ukuqoqa metal "Pirate" ngezandla zakhe. imiyalelo enemininingwane kuzosiza ngisho ongenalwazi umsakazo nayizimfundamakhwela ukukwenza ngaphandle amaphutha.

Idivayisi ine modifiktsiyami ezimbili kwendikimba. Esimweni sokuqala esetshenziswa NE555 chip (yasekhaya Analogue izifunda - KR1006VI1) - timer. Kodwa uma ungakwazi ukuthenga le ngxenye, abalobi Enye inguqulo ye-circuit esekelwe transistors.

Nokho kutuswa ukuba afeze inhlangano yabantwana bakwa-idivayisi esekelwe uhlelo lokuqala, ngoba ukuzinza enkulu ngesikhatsi kokuhlinzwa.

Lapho ukuhlangana ngesisekelo transistors kufanele ithathe imvamisa oyifunayo nobude, njengoba abe impela ukusabalala esikhulu ukusebenza. Kuze kube yimanje, yakhetha ukusetshenziswa i oscilloscope.

Wanyathelisa wesifunda ibhodi iyunithi

Homemade Metal Detector "Pirate" has izinketho eziningana for wiring wesifunda ibhodi, kodwa ngokuvamile ezisetshenziswa "Sprin Layot" uchungechunge ebhodini.

Ngemva nokunamathisela ngomthofu amandla ixhunywe ke. Ngenxa yale njongo, sebenzisa noma isiphi kwamandla nge inkomba voltage 9-12 volts. Ungakwazi baphendukela ekusebenziseni sebhetri "Krona" (izingcezu 3 noma 4) noma ibhethri. Ukusetshenziswa a "Imiqhele" is hhayi Kunconywa, njengoba lokhu kuzokwenza ngokushesha voltage iconsi, nakho kuzodala unomphela izilungiselelo umshini nqabela.

lamakhoyili ohlobo womshini metal detector "Pirate"

Njengezinye onobuhle Impulse amadivayisi ekutholeni metal kudivayisi undemanding ukunemba e womshini kwekhoyili. Kuyinto eyamukelekayo ukusebenzisa futhi lowo nilimaza phezu mandrel nge ububanzi 190-200 mm - 25 ematfuba. Uma lokhu sisetshenziswa emazombezombe i wire eyigugu nge ingxenye 0.5 mm.

The ematfuba ikhoyili kuthiwa nilimaza i ngethephu enamathelayo noma Scotch tape. By the way, ukwandisa zedivayisi scan ukujula, ungakwazi baphendukela wathi izingxenye emazombezombe nge ububanzi 260-270 mm, 21-22 ematfuba wire efanayo.

Idivayisi ikhoyili iqinile emzimbeni okuqinile, okumele kwenziwe, isib, plastic. Lokhu kuyadingeka ukuze kuvikelwe idivayisi kusukela lushaya phansi noma utshani ngesikhatsi kokuhlinzwa. zezindlu okunjalo angathengwa at ezitolo inthanethi. Ngokuvamile, enkulu ekwakhekeni itolitji zosesho, ukusetshenziswa metal izingxenye is hhayi Kunconywa.

Iziphetho upomnutoy izingxenye soldered bentambo multi-core nge Ingxenye evundlile 0.5 - 0.75 mm. Kahle kahle, izintambo zikagesi ezimbili ezimele ohileleke. Idivayisi yakho isilungile!

Izibuyekezo

Kuyatholakala ku-metal "Pirate" izimpendulo abonisa ukuthi sekuyinto zithandwa phakathi kwabasebenzisi. Ngokusho kwabo, idivayisi has ngezinga eliphezulu of ukusebenza, futhi uyathola metal izinto ngesikhathi esifushane futhi ngaphandle kobukhona amaphutha. Kulula ukusebenzisa futhi engazizwa esandleni.

kudivayisi Ready wabuthela kusuka izingxenye eziningi ethathelwe kalula. Ingxenye engezansi kuyinto isisekelo salo. Uhlelo ngedivayisi kucacile kakhulu. Ukubeka umtshina "Pirate" akwenzi noma ibuphi ubunzima.