Injini PMZ-640: idivaysi, yesikhashana

RMZ-640 "Buran" ukumiswa push-silingo. Iqukethe crank-chamber ukukhipha ifakwe carburetor. Iqukethe injini-cylinder ezimbili.

Ukuqokwa indlela crank, okuyinto ngesisekelo injini, ukuletha uguquko rectilinear reciprocating ezinyakazayo we pistons ku ukujikeleza crankshaft.

Kulesi sihloko, lento igiya ngamunye kuzobhekwana nabo ngokwehlukile.

Crankshaft apharathasi

Tripodal crankshaft 46 libandakanya ilungelo side trunnions futhi trunnion 23 ngakwesokunxele ohlangothini izihlathi 8 kuya pin crank futhi imiphini yesibili 49, ukuxhumana esiboshwe cindezela efanelekayo. Ngo isenzo ezintathu ibhola amabombo, zazo ogibele phakathi shaft futhi trunnion namajenali njengoba ukwesekwa indlela. Izindandatho ku anemifantu ka uxhaxha-uhlobo ezinkanjini kusukela amabombo ngaphandle nezimpawu zenzelwe qondanisa umthwalo onikezwe lo amabombo wagxila we crankshaft.

izingxenye Moving axially agcinwayo amabombo abutment okuhloswe ngaso esaziwa izindandatho. Ziyakwazi ngokukhethekile anemifantu izindlu. Ungavali ngophawu yonke imininingwane olunikezwa Helical umunwe entwasahlobo.

cranks

injini yokuxhuma induku ukhonza uxhumano we piston kuya crankshaft. The main ingxenye ingxenye iyinhloko, engaphezulu, futhi crank ikhanda elise ngezansi. induku yabo nokuxhumana nomuntu mina-sigaba.

injini yokuxhuma induku kuhlanganisa die yasenhla nemithombo yasenzansi unikezwe izimbobo. Bekhuphuka inaliti amabombo. Inkomba osabalalayo igebe ivela 0,012 ukuze 0,024 mm. Igebe inikezwa yi ukuhlunga ububanzi (okusekelwe wemasayizi rollers izithelo, ama-piston kanye pin crank). Akubiza amaqembu iqukethe engxenyeni kushaft ngezansi kwekhanda. Izimbobo ngaphansi kwentonga, kukhona amabombo nivame.

piston izindandatho

Esikhathini samanje isakhiwo injini, pistons. Ababona nezilandiso. Basuke ogibele yebhangqa piston izindandatho, okuncike bafake ukumelana cast iron. Isifunda lingasetshenziswa ngesigaba ukukhiya indandatho esime a trapezoid futhi isikwele.

Engxenyeni ezingemuva indandatho ine igebe ezishisayo. Ngesikhathi kokuhlinzwa, singaphansi ukunwetshwa ngu bafudumale. Ngemva obandayo, ububanzi imvume izindandatho nge kwesigaba isiphambano ngesimo trapezoid ivela 0.40 ukuze 0.55 mm. Ngenxa yalesi usayizi angase ukugcwalisa izingxenye ekupheleni enqabeni.

Igebe phakathi amachopho anemifantu esiyingini lapho onomfutho a ukubaluleka 76 mm ububanzi ungakwazi ukukwenza kufanele kulingane 0.06-0.15 mm esime Sectional we trapezoid futhi 0,080-0,115 mm - ukuze isigaba isiphambano esime njengo of isikwele.

indandatho Ilokhi siqhutshwa ezingeni lokushisa eliphezulu. Amafutha ongena phakathi igebe phakathi ashisayo piston indandatho inkatho is phansi coking. Ngamanye amazwi, ukwakheka kodaka bese sebethule hlalani izinto kubangela ababambelela izindandatho. Lokhu kwenza Ukuwohloka kokuqala ukusebenza futhi yehlise iyunithi amandla ezingeni

Uma idiphozi ayizange izosuswa ngendlela esifike ngesikhathi, idivayisi kungalimala. imakwe Iningi propensity ngoba overcooking esiyingini engenhla. Ukunamathela ngokuvamile kubangelwa okweqile yenjini uma kabi, kanye ngenxa yokwehluleka amasilinda amasongo.

Inhloso pin piston

Iphikhodi piston isetshenziswa ukuxhuma kokuhlanganisayo we piston nokuxhuma induku. Ngokusekelwe Inkomba ububanzi elingaphandle piston izikhonkwane selihlukene sekunamasayizi amabili. Iqembu ephawulwe mhlophe noma lube mnyama phezu ekupheleni ingxenye. Lapho lapha, iminwe okhethiwe ilebula efanayo.

Isakhiwo uMbhalo

Amasilinda hhayi nezilandiso. isizinda sabo ihembe eyenziwe aluminium, okuyinto ocindezelwe emkhonweni cast iron. Ukuze kuqinisekiswe abakhethayo inhlangano elihlangana emikhonweni kuya amasilinda piston ekhiqizwa in osayizi ezintathu. Izinkomba ziphawulwe izinhlamvu "M", "C", "B". Basuke Kusetshenziswe eshaywayo phezu flange amabhande isilinda elise ngaphansi. Lapho esikhundleni uMbhalo ibekwe ingxenye usayizi ofanayo.

Lolu dengezi ogibele aphansi izindlu flange. On flange ngokufanele kusukela ngaphezu kwekhanda isilinda ifakiwe. Phakathi ikhanda uMbhalo bese gasket selibekiwe asbestos. Lapho umhlangano bulkhead gasket kungenziwa baqashwe futhi.

Kwalapho kuhlangana khona flange phansi crankcase uMbhalo bese indiza kubhekiselwa ohlangene ngu paronita. Ukubeka crankcase ngayinye isilinda unikezwa izikhonkwane ezine.

Umklamo we amakhanda isilinda

Ngesisekelo ikhanda isilinda senziwa aluminium ingxubevange. Kumila ikhanda omlilo ekamelweni ifakwe imbobo kochungechunge lokukhuphula plug inhlansi. Ukuze ugweme ukusonteka ikhanda uMbhalo bese, nati inhlangano stud ukuze some crosswise kabili. Okokuqala kukhona zangaphambi kokuqina, bese kumuntu wokugcina 2.0-2.5 kgf-m.

Kuyaphawuleka ukuthi ngokuyinhloko kumele lulungiswe nut qeda ezininginingi. Tightening, kwaqina nuts wenziwa emshinini abandayo.

crankcase

Carter udlala indima umzimba omkhulu izingxenye injini. It liqukethe izingxenye ezimbili, okuyinto eyenziwe aluminium. Phakathi nengxenye ukukhwezwa esebenzisa izikopelo screwed ukuze engxenyeni engenhla. nati kuthiwa some kuya inkomba torque engu ku 3.0-3.5 kg-m.

Bobabili izingxenye bezinhlamvu bavezwa zifana ukucutshungulwa futhi ngokunjalo nezilandiso. ikhanda ngalinye isilinda is abethela kuya crankcase esebenzisa izikhonkwane amane, okuyinto screwed ku intambo ye flange ukwesekwa. Plane isixhumi ingxenye sealant aphuthelwe uphawu.

Emikhawulweni crankshaft, okuyinto ukudlulisa esuka egumbini crank, uphawu cuffs ngezinhlamvu ezihlelwa ngesandla. Ukuba Wedwa crank emakamelweni owazenza uxhaxha lwezimpawu ukukhwezwa both qeda of esindayo maphakathi.

Kukanjani Ukupholisa injini?

Uhlelo injini, ekusebenziseni, inkomba ikhanda lokushisa akufanele futhi iyophakama kuno-200 ° C.

Njengoba inhlangano hood ivaliwe, emoyeni ukupholisa kugeleza ngehele yayo enganele silondoloze oyifunayo lokushisa ezingeni kuyinto evamile. Ukuze uxazulule le nkinga, uhlelo emoyeni-lwaluyophola, ehlanganisa i Blower Axial beshaya bezinhlamvu.

Ngesisekelo iyona impeller fan, okuyinto zifakwa esimweni zigxilé platen. Uma kwenzeka impeller igibele pair of ball amabombo, okuyinto abe uphawu amabili emaceleni. ifektri labo ligcwele amafutha ukusebenza.

I impeller siqhutshwa ngosizo V-ibhande kusuka isondo lokugijimisa indiphi elenzelwe into esindayo ukushayela. Yena unamathele izikopelo ezintathu. Ekupheleni roller kuyinto isondo lokugijimisa indiphi elenzelwe into esindayo eliqhutshwa, esakhiwa yebhangqa profiled amadiski polushkivnyh. Tightening nuts isondo lokugijimisa indiphi elenzelwe into esindayo kufezeke torque engu 5-6 kgf-m.

Leli bhokisi ogibele izikopelo ezine flange kuya kwesokudla crankcase. Ngesikhathi itheku zedivayisi fan aboshelwe edonsa emoyeni plastic. Ukungezwani ibhande senzeka ngenxa transposition washers ukulungisa, okuyizinto phakathi polushkivami.

I-engeli vertex kokusakaza is dengwane isikhungo. Ngakho, it kwandisa ububanzi we isondo lokugijimisa indiphi elenzelwe into esindayo eliqhutshwa, amaphaphu ibhande. Lapho usebenzisa i-injini kumele njalo hlola amaphaphu fan ibhande. Ngaphansi amandla nge ngesilinganiso 4 ± 0.5 kgf inkomba alo ibhande kufanele alingane 6-15 mm. Kakhulu ababuthakathaka inkomba ukungezwani kubangela ibhande slippage ngesivinini. zobuNaziri bakhe emlilweni nezingxabano okusezingeni eliphezulu onakala impeller amabombo. Akufanele ingress igrisi phezu ibhande avunyelwe, njengoba lokhu kunomthelela kokubhujiswa kwalo nokuvuselela ukungasebenzi.

Kanjani uhlelo ukudla?

Lihlanganisa izinto ezilandelayo:

• uphethiloli;
• isihlungi eyanele;
• ukuhlunga sump;
• futha isandla ukudonsa;
• a carburetor nge futha uphethiloli;
• air purifier.

sesimanje

RMP-640 motor has a esikhulu amandla reserve litrazhnoy. Uma senza ukwakhiwa crankcase eqinile nakho ngeke kusize ukukhwezwa kahle amadolo kushaft ukwesekwa eziveza akhiqize izingxenye injini ngezinto izinga okusezingeni eliphezulu, kulinganiselwa ochwepheshe, lolu phiko anganika engengaphansi kwengu-62 amalitha. a.

Yiziphi izinto ukwandisa amandla kudivayisi?

Ukuze kwandiswe amandla ezingeni zedivayisi ezifana igiya RMZ-640, kutuswa ukuba afeze manipulations ezilandelayo:

• Ukuze afeze esikhundleni amadolo kushaft lwezimpawu kwamanye ukuguqulwa (ethathwe omentum "Muscovite-412").
• Ukukhiqiza ibhokisi elisha ukugxusha nokusetshenziswa D16T impahla noma Analogue yalo.
• Gubha iziteshi for umoya omncane.
• Kuvele pair extra medium usayizi amabombo esikhundleni esisodwa ku kushaft amadolo phakathi flywheels phakathi.
• Setha deflectors phakathi amasilinda kuya komoya yokuxhuma.
• piston Olinganiselayo umehluko isisindo akuyona ezingaphezu kuka 1,5 g
• Nikeza zifudumele ngokuba ezininginingi qeda ngokusebenzisa ngentambo asbestos.
• Faka amasilinda ukuphakama ukuze emaphethelweni esidayisa futhi itheku emachwebeni uMbhalo uqondane emaphethelweni umphetho futhi phansi piston. Kusukela esigabeni emoyeni osenyameni kuwo womabili amasilinda luqondane.
• Khweza tube resonance ne isithiyo umsindo.

Indlela yokuthuthukisa ukusebenza crankcase?

Isizathu ukuthi ngobuthakathaka rigidity izindlu ukusonteka nezinkulu cantilever amadolo kushaft phakathi kwezinsika ezintathu. Lokhu kubangela umthwalo anda amabombo, okuyinto ngaphandle Lubrication efanele neqhaza anda ukumelana, kweqa ukuhilizisana.

Umphumela ofanayo kubangelwa circlips nithela amadolo kushaft ukufuduka izindlu wathi. Kulokhu, lo amabombo ungenalo igebe. Amadolo kushaft ayakhukhumala lapho evuthayo, futhi sokumesula hhayi oyifunayo, kodwa amagejambazo esindayo. Amadolo kushaft iqala ukuze overheat, futhi abakwazi ukuthuthukisa umfutho edingekayo. pair of amabombo kufanele sifakwe ukuze Ukusebenza kahle imininingwane, bese ufaka uphawu uwoyela phakathi kwazo.

Vibration kushaft aduduze ngaphandle kwesidingo Lubrication of kwedolo kubangela Ukufiphalisa lwezimpawu kushaft. Ukushisa ebangela ukuba seal. Imiphumela iba yinhlanganisela yokukhandleka ukufohla air ngokusebenzisa le ndlala kanye Ukuwohloka fuel futhi emoyeni ingxube ku crankcase injini. Imiphumela kuyoba ebuhlungu - the piston zishiswe noma bhotela iphansi lalo. Iinsetjenziswa RMZ-640 ujamu.

Yini engenziwa ukuze kuthuthukiswe ekushayweni?

ezingemuva Kutholwe yokwandisa ohlabayo isilinda, ukufaka deflectors ezengeziwe akha isilinda yayo ngamunye ohlabayo abandayo komoya. Emqulwini, elise ohlangothini front, zikhulisa labaqaphi elingemuva. Engeziwe intambo emazombezombe kusukela ezininginingi qeda kuya silicate asbestos ingcina futhi inikeza Ukushisa kancane emoyeni, eliqhutshwa ngumlandeli ku amasilinda.

Indlela ukuxazulula inkinga Ukungadli umsebenzi we pistons?

Umehluko isisindo pistons isilinganiso 20 g kubangelwa enganele kusengaphambili inhlangano izingxenye. Lokhu kungalingani kuba ibangelwa iziyaluyalu ekusebenzeni oqine yenjini, elibangela amazinga aphezulu vibration. Ukulingana isisindo piston kufanele asuswe ngaphakathi umphetho ngokweqile ungqimba metal, ukuze ulungise ubukhulu window isiketi dlula isilinda nge amafasitela (lizofinyelelelwa ukuqondana kwezinto zabo). Kufanele nokuqalisa radii ukuqoqa enisemikhawulweni amafasitela, kanye disassembly chamfer 0.5 mm engaba.

I indima ebalulekile eyadlalwa yokuthi ekusebenzeni amasilinda kanye nokwehla injini vibration kuthinta lesifanele ukuhlangana edonsa and qeda izigaba ingxube emoyeni. Lokhu kwenziwa izinto kalula. Kuyadingeka ukuba abeke i gasket eyengeziwe ngaphansi uMbhalo okuyinto phansi. Kungaba ngcono uma phansi piston siyamanisa ngosiko engezansi uMbhalo efasiteleni yokuxhuma. Kunconywa ukufaka tube resonance kanye okokunciphisa umsindo.

Ngemuva kokwenza carburetor izinguquko kanye nokuqalisa abanye ngcono e-electronics kanye ukuthungela, uzothola iyunithi, omsebenzi wakhe liyoqina, iyunifomu kanye ukonga petrol. Khombisa izinga lokushisa at ngomzuzu esiphezulu ngaphansi ikhandlela isilinda ahlelwe ngemuva liyashintshashintsha repartitions 190 ° C. Inzuzo amadolo kushaft umhlangano phakathi ukusuka ingxenye bavela 4700 rev / amaminithi 5200 rev / imiz.

Indlela yokwenza ngcono emkhakheni electronics kanye ukuthungela?

• Izikulufu nokubopha amapuleti zensimbi magdino odonsa kufanele kwenziwe ngethusi. Kokuwalungisa has nokwethenjelwa ezahlukene. Endabeni kuyadamba okungenani oyedwa bendiza encane iyunithi uyophinde behluleka.
• Ukulinganisela magdino kumele izinga okusezingeni eliphezulu. It ikhiqizwa futhi emva kulungiselelwa kwemboni, njengoba uthuthukisa vibration elilungile. Okuhle sekulinganisa Izidingo fan ohlabayo.
• Ikhoyili kumele ngaphansi nokunamathisela ngomthofu. Izikulufu ukuba kwenziwe insimbi engagqwali noma camera nge oxide. Phambi kwabo ezimazombe empompini kunconywa ukuthuthukisa isimo ngentambo e engaguquki ingxenye magdino. On ompompi kuyinto uthuli kakhulu. Lokhu kuyimbangela isisekelo abampofu. Designated contact izikhonkwane Amakhoyili yasibamba nezikulufi idinga nokunamathisela ngomthofu.
• Ngemva screwing the ohlobo base magdino bonke oxhumana nabo ensimini futhi izabelo kufanele embozwe sealant.
• Ezinconyiwe okuzuza wire eyengeziwe ngoba isisekelo ikhoyili ukuthungela ngaphansi amakhandlela.
• High-voltage izintambo kungukuthi othathwe imoto endala. Ngokwesibonelo, ube yinhlansi efanelekayo NGK chungechunge.
• I ukuthungela lufanele lwenteke kulamazinga lalandzelako kwilebula endaweni yokukhanda. Yasibamba imishudo kumele kahle ngokuphindwe kabili ukuphepha ukuthungela engela.
• Uma "Buran" engeza injini design ephethe isilinganiso igiya reducer ukudluliswa 2.2-2.6 m futhi umphelelisi iyunithi ezimbili bladed bendiza 1.65-1.8 m noma 1.45-1.6 m imodeli trilobate, kungenzeka ukuba uthole traction izinga uzinzile.

Izingxenye zedivayisi yasekuqaleni

amayunithi Original RMZ-640 ezazigxishwe pistons futhi piston izindandatho, ekhiqizwa eCzech Republic. Needle amabombo ayatholakala e-Japan. Iyunithi inkohliso RMZ-640 ezingxenyeni zenziwa eChina. iyunithi okunjalo akuyona ngezinga eliphezulu ukusebenza.

Yiqiniso, ukuthola injini "Buran", kunzima ukubona ukuthi indlela yalo libuthene, kutuswa ukuba banake lokhu okulandelayo:

• Injini, ekhiqizwa efektri, zithunyelwa wabenza kanye izitolo amakhadibhodi ibhokisi yoqobo "RM" logo.
• On the isembozo kumele ikhonjiswe ilogo yenkampani, equkethe inombolo ye-serial iyunithi.
• Ukuze ishidi kudivayisi kufanele bufakwe. Inombolo ebekiwe ke, kufanele uhambisane nenani kudivayisi uqobo.
• "Buran 640" iqukethe amalogo ayizindunduma umzimba "RM". amagama Brand kungabonwa izindlu ukufinyela ukuziqalela noma fan izindlu.
• Nakani base, esitholakala ngaphansi motor. Amayunithi RMZ-640, okuyinto enziwa emva Februwari 2013, lento likhishwa.

Ubunzima ngesikhatsi operation injini

Iyunithi likhandelwe eqhweni, kodwa-ke anazo ezingeni lelisetulu ukusebenza. Lesi sihloko waxoxa izici eyinhloko injini RMZ-640.

Njengamanje, isimo yokusebenza lokubolekwa, okuyizinto ukuhlinzwa, uma nje ukuthengwa izingxenye futhi ukulungisa yezandla zabo. I ethile enkulu, sibe nzima ukusetshenziswa kule divayisi kungase kubhekwe njengokwelapha kusilela izingxenye ezisele. Bona ezicela ikakhulukazi Rybinsk, njengoba gearbox isetshenziswa snowmobile "Buran". Futhi a ukweqiwa enkulu yokuthi kwakungaziwa yanyathelisa izincwadi ezikhuthaza ekhethekile mayelana nokusetshenziswa, ukulungisa kanye nokugcinwa imikhiqizo.

Ukusetshenziswa unit in ndiza encane

Umklamo Ushintshe zedivayisi "Buran RMZ-640" kabanzi lisetshenziswe ndiza encane. abalandeli abaningi baba "ibhokisi" RMZ ku izingxenye ezisele. Kubiza kasikhombisa engabizi ngaphandle reducer ozinikele "Buran emoyeni." Izindleko ongaphakeme isizathu esiyinhloko sokusebenzisa imodeli 640-RMZ.

Yiqiniso, lizinga inhlangano kanye nokulungisa incike amakhono ngabanye, kodwa ukusetshenziswa umshini emoyeni akuyona mkhuba omuhle. It kuholela ekuhlehleni mayelana nodaba wokusungula imishini esikhethekile izindiza nge intengo eyamukelekayo.

Kubi cha landela yini imithetho Aviation buffs ngeke asebenzise injini ezikhethekile nje kukhona ithuba ukuqoqa Analogue ngentengo ephansi.