Isimo Federal - Iyini?

Isimo federal - ibhizinisi eziyinkimbinkimbi zezombusazwe-zokuphatha, esesikhundleni ukubunjwa yayo izinhlangano indawo. Lesi sakamuva abe negunya ngokwanele ezibanzi zomthetho kuze ubukhosi, eduze isimo.

Izimpawu ezivame kakhulu kwesimo federal :

1. Ayisebenzi, umfelandawonye sehlukaniswe ziyizinto ezihlukile: uthi, cantons, umhlaba, republic, nokunye.
2. Uxhumano izinhlangano unamalungelo ukwenza imithetho yabo, umthethosisekelo, ungaba yawo siqu umthetho, zokwahlulela neyokuphatha.
3. Nokho, ophakeme zomthetho, zokwahlulela amandla esiphezulu maqondana lonke lelo zwe namanje kungokwalabo iziphathimandla sikahulumeni. ZamaKhono phakathi kwezihloko inhlangano kanye nesikhungo salo esimweni ngasinye delimited Federal uMthethosisekelo.
4. Iningi uthi federal abe ezivamile Union yisakhamuzi nokuhlala yezihloko sikahulumeni.
5. Inqubomgomo angaphandle main kuphela lonke emizimbeni inyunyana Kungenzeka ukuthi ngokusemthethweni ukumela izwe ezingeni international.
6. Isimo federal komthetho, njengoba umthetho, has a ephalamende bicameral. Omunye iziNdlu zePhalamende wabuthela kusuka abamele izifunda zezwe.

Izinhlobonhlobo isimo sikahulumeni

Kunezinhlobo eziningana bamelela imibuso yezombusazwe futhi zokuphatha enjalo. Ngokwesibonelo, maqondana uhlelo zemithetho kanye nomthethosisekelo, kukhona inhlangano ziyalingana futhi engalingani. Ziyalingana isimo sikahulumeni - isimo lapho bonke izinhlangano zawo indawo ezifanayo isimo zemithetho kanye nomthethosisekelo. Ngokwesibonelo, e-United States, lapho kuwo onke amazwe ngalo mqondo bayalingana. Ngakolunye uhlangothi, izihloko umfelandawonye quin zingase amandla abo. Lokhu eziyimbangela eBrazil India.

Phakathi kwezinye izinto, lo mfelandawonye ekuqaleni kungenziwa amisiwe ngenxa yezizathu ezihlukahlukene. Futhi kuye ngokuthi mibandela zomlando akhiwa ukuthi ziyizinhlobo eziningi kanjani lokhu okulandelayo:

• Wendawo isimo sikahulumeni. Lawa isimo, ngesisekelo division zokuphatha zazo ubeke isisekelo luyingxenye kwendawo. Enjalo, isibonelo, i-United States ne-Germany.
• nemifelandawonye kaZwelonke - ngokwaso imbangela lokwehlukaniswa yenarha izinhlangano zokuphatha itholakala multi-uhlanga yayo. Bese sokuhlukanisa indawo kufanele inake abantu 'isici ezihlangene. Empeleni, lesi simiso itholakala isakhiwo yase Russia.
• Mixed.

Njengoba indlela tekwakha kungaba kuxoxiswane kanye nehambisana nomthethosisekelo. Uma inkontileka kuphakama kusuka, amazwe amancane ngaphambilini ezimele ukuba zixazulule izinkinga ezivamile: ukuvikelwa, umsebenzi kutemnotfo, nokunye, lo Mthetho-sisekelo isimo sikahulumeni - ngokuvamile kuba yangaphambili inarha ebumbeneko, esikhathini zomlando ezithile, ibe division yayo zokuphatha kanye indawo.