Medievalism

Ngokuvamile, inkulumo ethi "Ephakathi" kuthathwe ikhava inkathi V ukuze XV leminyaka. Nokho, ifilosofi ekuqaleni NgeNkathi Ephakathi kubhekisela enkathini ngaphambili - Mina leminyaka, lapho kuphela waqala wamisa Izinkolelo eziyisisekelo zobuKristu. Lomgomo wokusungula umsuka nefilosofi medieval zingachazwa ngezinqubo yokuthi izinkinga main ezithinta ifilosofi Ephakathi, baye zihlotshaniswa ukugomela futhi ukusabalala kwaleso emfundisweni yobuKristu zenkolo, okuyinto ngalesi sikhathi unina amkhulelwe esibelethweni isayensi zefilosofi.

Imisinga yefilosofi isikhathi kukhona ukuthambekela lokulungisiswa essence yaphezulu isinqumo ezinjengenkinga ukuthi uNkulunkulu ukhona futhi inkolelo-mbono yobuKristu concretization. Ifilosofi Ephakathi emphakathini yesayensi ngokuvamile periodiziruetsya ngokulandelana ezigabeni eyinhloko ukuthuthukiswa zenkolo yesikhathi.

Isinyathelo sokuqala ayingqalasizinda ekuthuthukiseni wefilosofi KweNkathi Ephakathi is ngokwesiko kubhekwe Patristics (I-VI isenti.). Izikhombisi-main kuleli qophelo ukuthuthukiswa yokucabanga zefilosofi babe ukudalwa nokuvikelwa emfundisweni yobuKristu, okuyinto Kwakuseshwa "obaba besonto." Sencazelo "obaba isonto" ngokukhethekile libhekisela ongqondongqondo abasizileko isisekelo nezimfundiso zobuKristu. Ngokuvamile, abasekeli nezimfundiso abangamaKristu kwakumelwe zefilosofi abadumile, isibonelo, njenge Avreliy Avgustin, uTertullian, Grigoriy Nissky, nabanye abaningi.

Isinyathelo sesibili ekusungulweni imibono yefilosofi sikhathi wacabangela esikoleni - (IX - xv ekhulwini). Kulesi sigaba kukhona isimiso eminye yale theory okuhilela wonke amathuba isayensi zefilosofi. ngezinye izikhathi nefilosofi esikoleni ngokuthi "isikole", ngoba, okokuqala, kungokwenduduzo nefilosofi wafunda futhi athuthukiswe izikole lezindela, futhi okwesibili, ku nokuchaza scholasticism lobuKristu oke phambi atholakale cishe kuyo yonke imikhakha.

Izinkinga ukuthi ukuyaluza izingqondo zefilosofi ephakathi, ezihlukahlukene ovelele, kodwa nokho, bonke bavumelana entweni eyodwa - inkulumo eqondile noma engaqondile ngoNkulunkulu. Uma ukwazi yekholwa uNkulunkulu njengombusi inkinga nje alikho, ngoba uNkulunkulu ziqondakala KHOLWA elinikeziwe, isazi sefilosofi kabani ingqondo ukhululekile noma yini ukholo, uNkulunkulu kuyinto inkinga okuyilo, futhi wazama anqume izingqondo best of Ephakathi.

Izinkinga eziyisisekelo Medieval Philosophy - imibuzo ngokoqobo uNkulunkulu ukhona kubangela mpikiswano njalo phakathi nominalists futhi amalungu aleli okwangempela ngemvelo universals. Namaqiniso wazama ukuveza ukuthi universals (imiqondo jikelele) zikhona ngempela, futhi ngenxa yalokho - ungokoqobo ukuthi uNkulunkulu ukhona. Nominalists yena, wayekholelwa ukuthi universals ukhona kakhulu ngokwezinga elithile 'kumele' izinto, ngoba ngempela kukhona izinto kuphela universals khona uma sekufike isidingo ukunikeza izinto ezithile amagama abo. Ngokusho nominalists, Nkulunkulu - kungcono nje igama ukumela isethi kwezifiso lwesintu.

Ifilosofi Ephakathi kanye Renaissance kwaphawulwa yokuthi ongqondongqondo olukhulu isikhathi ngokuphindaphindiwe ukubeka phambili zonke izinhlobo ubufakazi bokuthi uNkulunkulu ukhona ngempela. Ngokwesibonelo, uThomas Aquinas - a sefilosofi esidumile - zesikole abahlanu ubufakazi bokuthi uNkulunkulu likhona. Konke lokhu ubufakazi yayisekelwe yokuthi zonke mkhuba emhlabeni kufanele kube yini imbangela.

Uma okwangempela abasekeli wazama ukufakazela ukuba khona kwamandla kwakaZimu ngokubanikelela iimhlatjelo ubufakazi bokuba khona imiqondo jikelele (universals), i-foma Akvinsky wagomela ngokuthi njengoba khona imbangela obuphakeme konke. Wayebonakala uzama ukufeza ukuvumelana lokholo futhi isizathu, lapho kuqala kunikezwa ke ukholo.

Ifilosofi Ephakathi abazalwa theocentric. Lapha-ke liphinyiselwe isifiso kuvisisa kaNkulunkulu njengoba ngokoqobo kuphela inquma zonke izinto. isixazululo enjalo ukuba inkinga yokuba khona kukaNkulunkulu uyamukeleka inkolo ezicini zonke, is elibanzi kunqunywa yindawo wefilosofi ekuphileni okungokomoya nezenhlalo sikhathi. Ifilosofi Ephakathi, ekugcineni wakhala ukubukwa entsha Yenguquko, okuyinto waphindiselwa ekuphileni okungokomoya izimiso kanye ukhohliwe ukuzibophezela lasendulo ukuze abathanda ifilosofi.