Polesye Kushisa bhé kule ndawo Ecological Reserve: usuku isisekelo, ngenhloso imfundo, indawo, ukongiwa kwemvelo, incazelo isithombe imodi. Uphi Polesye State Kushisa bhé kule ndawo Ecological Reserve?

Kulesi sihloko sifuna ukukhuluma mayelana Polesie emisebeni reserve semvelo. Le nhlekelele ngesikhathi eChernobyl esikhungweni samandla enuzi ngesikhathi esisodwa baba nomthelela omkhulu ku-kokubili abantu kanye nezwe elizungezile. Ngenxa-ke, le izoni sesikhashana sidalwe eBelarus.

Umlando kokudaliweyo esiqiwini

Polesye Kushisa bhé kule ndawo Ecological Reserve yasungulwa ensimini ka kakhulu ehlaselwe umhlaba ingozi. It Khoiniki, Narovlyansky futhi Bragin wesifunda, Gomel esifundeni. Leli zwe, okuyinto afakiwe nase-amathathu-ikhilomitha eChernobyl inyumbazane zone. BSSR Council of Ministers ngo-July 1988 wakhipha isimemezelo ku ukusungulwa zone evikelwe ensimini yokudlula AREA namashumi amane amawaka ezimbili amahektha. Poleski umsebenzi Kushisa bhé kule ndawo Ecological Reserve (isizinda usuku - Septhemba 1988) kwaqala cishe ngokushesha.

Ngemva konyaka kwathiwa kabusha bese lethiwa samanje. Ngo-1992, esinqumweni Council of Ministers of izwe elikulo, nangale uhla elidumile 30-ikhilomitha zone, njengoba lezi zindawo ingcoliswe ngemisebe. Ngakho sicela zandiswe usayizi ukuze amahektha ayizinkulungwane ezimbili neshumi nanhlanu. Futhi manje Polesye Kushisa bhé kule ndawo Ecological Reserve, indawo 216.093 amahektha, usebenza futhi yenza imisebenzi yayo. Yini kahle hle - sichaziwe ngezansi. Ngakho, sikumema ku ukuvakasha kokubuka.

Polesye Kushisa bhé kule ndawo Reserve e-Ecological: injongo imfundo

Ake uqale nge umlando. It yadalwa ngokuyinhloko ukuze ugweme ukusabalala radionuclides esiyingozi ngaphesheya indawo okungayi, ukuqhuba ucwaningo Radiobiology, ukufunda isimo yezimila nezilwane ezihlukahlukene ngaphansi kwethonya lemisebe enze ukuqapha kwemvelo izimo nemisebe zalesi sithako. Bhuka manje ihhovisi loMnyango sokunqoba imiphumela ephuma eChernobyl.

Ngokuvamile, phambi abasebenzi nazo yizinselelo, kuhlanganise:

1. Ungavumeli ukusabalala emisebeni lingayi ezindaweni ezingabalulekile ethintekile.

2. Vikela emahlathini namazwe wangaphambili wezolimo ngu imililo.

3. Vikela endaweni evikelwe.

4. Ukuqinisekisa ukuba khona izilwane zasendle zemvelo.

5. Gada ezingeni radioactivity.

6. Yenza ucwaningo ezintweni eziningi izinkinga ukuphokophela.

7. Enze zokutshala amahlathi ku mazwe Lesi sifo siphatha kakhulu ukuba ngamanzi nomoya ukuguguleka kwenhlabathi.

8. Thuthukisa ubuchwepheshe ukutakula nokusetshenziswa komhlaba ingcoliswe ngemisebe.

Kuyini esiqiwini?

Yiqiniso, labo izindawo lapho abantu zihanjiswe, iye yashintshwa abalulekile. Kube nokwehliswa kwesithunzi yokulima wangaphambili, ngenkasa izinhlelo, imigwaqo. Ukunikeza ixhaphozi umhlaba. Lokhu kungenxa nokugcinwa ngesimo a amanzi Peat bogs.

Likuphi Polesye Kushisa bhé kule ndawo Ecological Reserve, wadala izimo ezinhle wokubuyiselwa yezimila nezilwane ezihlukahlukene, njengoba ngokuphelele lingekho ithonya lomuntu. Lihlala emashumini amane zezilwane ezincelisayo, namalunga angamashumi ayisikhombisa zezinyoni, zinhlobo amabili nanhlanu zezinhlanzi. Iningi labantu balapha izilwane zasendle yalezi zindawo - kungcono noma Ezehlakalweni ezingakajayeleki, noma ngezilwane ezisengozini yokuqothulwa. Futhi ngokuya zone evikelwe yokutakula kubonakala izinombolo zabo.

Manje emisebeni Polesie reserve emvelweni usuphothuliwe nemililo ilungiselelo zensimu, okubandakanya imishini glades, amachibi imigwaqo, imibhoshongo observation.

On reserve amazwe amaningi njengoba ayisishiyagalolunye nambili nemizana yokuhlala, okuyinto yake inabantu abangaphezu kuka-amashumi amabini anamabini amawaka.

Likuphi Reserve?

Polesye Kushisa bhé kule ndawo Ecological Reserve itholakala eningizimu-mpumalanga Belarus. Kusukela entshonalanga kuya empumalanga, ubude bayo imayelana ayisikhombisa amakhilomitha, futhi ukusuka enyakatho kuya eningizimu - amane nesishiyagalombili. Zonke amazwe basonta Insimu Gomel esifundeni. Ingxenye eseningizimu ye wokugodlwa eseduze emngceleni Ukraine.

Centre (zokuphatha ingxenye) ungaphakathi Khoiniki. Ikheli lomgwaqo: Gomel esifundeni, 247618, idolobha Khoiniki, Tereshkova Street, Ukwakha 7.

izindawo Kwemoya reserve

Polesie State Kushisa bhé kule ndawo Ecological Reserve libhekene eliphakeme lemisebe. Lapha igxile cishe amathathu amaphesenti angu-cesium-137, eyawela ensimini ka Belarus, ingasaphathwa Sesithombe elementi transuranic.

Naphezu kweqiniso lokuthi ezilandelayo le nhlekelele yaseChernobyl kwase kudlule iminyaka eminingi, emazweni reserve awukwazi ukubuyela phakathi emnothweni wezwe. Iqiniso ukuthi radionuclides transuranic kukhona ukungcola eziphikelelayo kakhulu kungukuthi neutralized futhi ngemva kweminyaka eyinkulungwane. Ngakho, ngeshwa, ezweni cishe njalo elahlekile. Futhi omunye imigomo eyinhloko enhlanganweni sisuke sicabanga into ukuvikela abantu nenhlabathi emisebeni elinegciwane.

Polesye Kushisa bhé kule ndawo Ecological Reserve: zingakuqeda yini ukuhlonyiswa ngezikhali, izikhungo isakhiwo

Esiqiwini siqukethe izigaba eziningana. A insimu ihlukaniswe yaba izingxenye ezintathu nesithupha namahlathi.

Ngokuvamile, Polesye Kushisa bhé kule ndawo Ecological Reserve - a izikhungo kunalokho enkulu. It has abantu engaphezu kwamakhulu ayisikhombisa. Yiqiniso, iminyango ezamahlathi kanye nokuvikelwa - omunye oyinhloko. Division of Temahlatsi waziphatha namahlathi ubunjiniyela, ustroitelnymi, nomsebenzi wokuvuselela umhlaba ngemva. Yena kwabalelwa wemfanelo komunye umsebenzi ku ensimini ukuvikelwa, ukulawula infiltrations, okuphambili kanye nempi yokulwa ukuzingela ngokungemthetho, silungisa inani izilwane eziyingozi.

Kodwa nge injongo enjalo sidalwe Polesie State Kushisa bhé kule ndawo Ecological Reserve. Zingakuqeda yini ukuhlonyiswa ngezikhali ngaye - kube into eza kuqala. Yingakho le nkinga ikhokhelwa a lot of ukunakwa. Nokho, ukugcwaliseka kwezinye imigomo ke kungaphazamisi.

Scientific Reserve Corps

Omunye Ezigabeni esiqiwini kunjalo, ngomqondo ongokomfanekiso, ingxenye ngokwesayensi. Waqala ukuthatha bobunjwa ekhatsi nineties zakuqala. Babić itholakala endaweni siqukethe neminyango emithathu zezemfundo, laboratories radiology-chemistry spectrometry. Izisebenzi ezihlanganyela ekutadisheni Dynamics ukuthuthukiswa isimo kule izakhiwo zemvelo kule amathathu-ikhilomitha inyumbazane zone. Ucwaningo lwenziwa izinqubo ekuqongeleleni izinto radioactive kokubili yezimila nezilwane ezihlukahlukene, isimo esizitholole nemvelo izimo nokungcola, lapho kuyadingeka zokuqapha ngemisebe.

Edolobhaneni Babich ngo-2005 kwathiwa kabusha izakhiwo eziningana. Ngo omunye wabo, ngiyakuhlala laboratory, okuyinto ifakwe zesimanje ezenza. Kamuva ethunywe izindlu zangasese ezihambisa bayobe bephila kuziphi izimo abasebenzi ngokwabo. Bonke asebenze esiqiwini ngu silindile. Kuqondane esakha umuzi wesayense Igumbi ayo yokudlela, i-laboratory, ngisho egumbini kubhayela.

Polesie umhlaba reserve

Polesye Kushisa bhé kule ndawo Ecological Reserve (isithombe okusesihlokweni esithi) ithatha izindawo ezinkulu. Lokhu kungenxa kakhulu ezindaweni elisezansi kakhulu amanzi emathafeni. Imibandela sezulu ejwayelekile uhlobo ngokulinganisela-ezwekazini. Izinga lokushisa (isilinganiso) kuyinto 7.9 degrees Celsius.

Kusukela engxenyeni esenyakatho-ntshonalanga esiqiwini endaweni eningizimu-mpumalanga unqamula emfuleni Pripyat. embhedeni Its kakhulu emazombezombe futhi has a lot of amapayipi amanzi (ubude - ezingaphezu kuka-120 km). Ngo kwimfunda ebanzi emfuleni, kwezinye izindawo ukufinyelela amakhilomitha ayisishiyagalolunye, nge eziningi abesifazane abadala, kanye namachibi kwemfunda (angaphezu kuka-300).

Ngokuphathelene indawo okungayi, ke unqamula emifuleni ezincane eziningana jelon, Rozhava, Nesvich, Vit, Braginka neziteshi Grubchansky, Pogonyansky, Kozhushkovsky. Kukhona amapheshana ezinkulu kakhulu kwamaxhaphozi, ezifana Grubchansky futhi Radinsko-Nezhihovsky.

umhlaba sokufunwa

Polesye Kushisa bhé kule ndawo Ecological Reserve libhekene ezinkulu ezweni sokufunwa (35%). Lapho abantu babehlala lapha, i sokufunwa simiso esibanzi yadalwa. Kamuva, kwakuyinkambiso akusadingeki, kuso sonke isibalo sabantu waxoshelwa, ngokulandelana, futhi iziteshi zavalwa futhi zinganakekelwa. Ngaphezu kwalokho, kwakudingeka ayeke ukudedelwa kwamanzi ezindaweni kungangcoli. Konke lokhu kwaholela inqubo waterlogging waya.

umbuso kwamanzi ngenxa komhlaba komhlaba futhi kwamanzi kanye nezikhukhula. Ukhuthaza Ukungena radionuclides ezingqimbeni amanzi esindayo inhlabathi.

Amahlathi nohlaza reserve

Polesie State Kushisa bhé kule ndawo Ecological Reserve Itholakala zone of lezihlahla kanye uphayini amahlathi. Emasimini zezihlahla imbozwe amaphesenti angaphezu kuka ayisihlanu ezweni. Lokhu emahlathini kaphayini kanye birch lezixuku, Alder, oki. Izimila ezweni ezinamahlathi wehlukile kakhulu, kukhona Izinhlobo eziningi.

Ngokusho abasebenzi lesikhungo, izitshalo kuhlanganisa mayelana 1251 izinhlobo zezitshalo, futhi kuba izingxenye ezimbili kwezintathu ukwehluka kwezinhlobo izitshalo Belarus. Samashumi Amabili Nesishiyagalolunye wabo - lena zezinyoni ezingavamile kakhulu lapho aye alotshwa eNcwadini Red. Phakathi kwabo: Aster enkangala, Naiad enkulu sedge isithunzi, yartyshnik shlemonosny, amanzi onsundu, Cephalanthera dlinnolitny, Dianthus Armeria, Drosera Intermedia, groundsel erukolistny.

Kukhona ngisho ezinye izitshalo ukuthi abangu-Andrisi wafumana endaweni Belarus kuphela emazweni evikelwe. It zubrovka ezinwabuzelayo, abasebancane isiRashiya, asemaqeleni meadowsweet. izilwane nezitshalo ukwehluka zezwe ngenxa yokuthi izwe zendawo kakhulu amanzi.

Nezilwane ezindaweni ezivikelekile

Esiqiwini siqukethe amahlanu nane zezilwane ezincelisayo nezinhlobo ezingaphezu kuka eyikhulu namashumi amabili zezinyoni yokwakha isidleke. Emanzini uhlalwe zenyathi amabili nanhlanu zezinhlanzi.

Phakathi abameleli amane nantathu nezilwane zilotshwe eNcwadini Red. Basuke ivikelwe EMhlanganweni International. Ngifuna ukuba adonsele ukunakekela yokuthi izilwane ezingavamile lapha abahlala brown bear, ama-lynx, Izimbila futhi inyathi. bear Okokuqala eqoshiwe esiqiwini ngo-1992, futhi kamuva wanikeza ubufakazi khona kwabanye abantu abahlanu. Ngokuvamile phezu kwezwe Belarusian uhlalwe amabhere ezingaphezu kuka ayisishiyagalombili.

Ayikho emhlabeni ngaphansi ocebile futhi ezihlukahlukene zezinyoni. Phakathi kwezinhlobo zezinyoni ezingavamile futhi ezisengcupheni kuwufanele egcizelela khona black nonogolantethe golden eagle ukhozi elimhlophe-tailed (mayelana 15 ngazimbili).

ososayensi Belarusian amatasa Izindawo futhi ukuphindwaphindwa zezinyoni ezingavamile izilwane nezinyoni. Ngokwesibonelo, isibalo inyathi kusuka 1996 kuya ku-2007 lande lisuka kwabangu-eyishumi nesithupha ukuze abantu amahlanu nane.

impumelelo enjalo ingajabula kuphela. Esiqiwini usethe ngisho nezilwane Museum. Encwadini yakhe izivakashi setfulo ethulwa izinyoni eyayigcwele abahlala kule ndawo, iqoqo izinambuzane nezinye ziphephile ezithakazelisayo.

Umsebenzi wokufundisa esiqiwini

Ngithanda wazi ukuthi esiqiwini, ngaphandle ukucwaninga kwesayensi, bekulokhu imisebenzi eminingi futhi zemfundo. Its bakamalalahlengezela wavakashelwa abafundi. Ezimweni ensimini langempela, bangakwazi bajwayelane yezimila nezilwane ezihlukahlukene, ukufunda practice ukukhetha imvelo amasampula zemvelo, ucwaningo kanye nokuhlaziywa ezingeni ukungcoliswa radionuclide zenhlabathi, nokunye. D. La makilasi ukunikeza ulwazi okuningi kunabo imfundiso yokuziphendukela wafundisa ekilasini ngaphandle kumiswa ezisebenzisekayo .

esikhundleni isiphetho sendaba

Polesie State Kushisa bhé kule ndawo Ecological Reserve (incazelo seyenziwe ngenhla) - yindawo enhle eBelarus. Okudingekayo uma ithuba livela, vakashela kule ndawo. Yebo, kukhona indawo evaliwe, kodwa kukhona endaweni ephephile lapho izivakashi kuvumelekile. Njengoba noma yimuphi umsebenzi kungavunyelwe, izihambeli zazihlala ithuba eliyingqayizivele ngempela ukubona imvelo ngendlela isetshenzwe acwebile, yindle yabantu isandla fomu. Futhi - ngeso lengqondo! - maphakathi Europe.