Russian ushokoledi endaweni yokukhanda. Indaba umkhiqizo kuleli zwe

Ngokokuqala ngqá ushokoledi uvele eMpumalanga. Lena imfihlo ukukhiqizwa yayo kamuva ukusakaza emhlabeni wonke. Manje lo mkhiqizo isithandwa eziningi izinkulungwane zakhe wamabhizinisi wahlanganyela zokukhiqiza. Russian ushokoledi ifektri zaziwa hhayi kuphela ezweni lethu, kodwa futhi ethandwa kakhulu, futhi nangale.

ekuqaleni komgwaqo

EYurophu lehla ngokushesha inani ushokoledi izwa ngokwenzekile phakathi nekhulu le-16. Futhi eRussia, lapho uqala ukuvela kuphela ngemva kweminyaka eminingana. Ekuqaleni, kwaba chocolate hot, okuyinto lalungiselela futhi wakhonza ezitolo ezincane. Kamuva baqala ukuvela wonke esitolo, ngisho nezitshalo ukukhiqizwa yayo. Ushokoledi izimboni lokuqala laseRussia aqala ukwakha ekhulwini le-19. I ovelele kakhulu babe ekukhiqizeni, elise Nizhny Novgorod, Petersburg naseMoscow. Ngo okukhethekile ezitolo imikhiqizo adayiswa ngamunye futhi ngobuningi. Lokhu kwanika wonke umuntu ithuba lokuba okungenani kanye ukuzama engavamile uju asempumalanga. Nokho, evamile namuhla umkhiqizo ngesimo tile akhiqizwa leyo minyaka kuphela ushokoledi ifektri e-Russia, abanikazi okuyinto naningabafokazi.

Ngokwesibonelo, inkampani German "Einem", eyaziwa kamuva ngokuthi "Red Okthoba", noma inkampani French "A. Siu and Co ". Lokhu kuyaqondakala, ngoba uma izwe azange abe ubuchwepheshe yayo kule nsimu. Kodwa manje Russian ushokoledi ifektri usesikhundleni okuholela emhlabeni futhi uthumela imikhiqizo yayo emazweni amaningi yeYurophu, eJapane futhi Melika.

imidondoshiya Russian

Abaningi amabhizinisi bokuqala ukwenziwa ushokoledi kuleli zwe ngemva 1917 babe ngokuphelele engenabulungisa ukhohlwe bese zilinda imisebenzi. Phakathi kwalabo abayovuswa ukuthi uhlale kanye nomsebenzi, kuze kube yilolu suku, ezifana ezinkulu chocolate izimboni eRussia, njenge:

1) Le nkampani Leonovs, okuyinto yasungulwa ngo 1826 ngabathengisi. Namuhla , ifektri ngokuthi "Rot Front" ezaziwayo.

2) lobambiswano Abrikosov, okuyinto namuhla kangcono eyaziwa ngokuthi embonini "Babaevskaya".

3) Enterprise engumFulentshi Adolf Sioux. Kwazi bani-ke njengoba ifektri "kwamaBolshevik".

4) Factory German Ferdinand von Einem, ngubani kusukela 1922 iqanjwe uyaziqhenya "Red Okthoba".

Ngemva kwesikhashana, ekhulwini lama-20, ke wayaziwa kakhulu ngaleso sikhathi elaliyi-Union Inkampani:

1) "Udarnitsa", elisungulwe eMoscow ngo-1929.

2) Imboni "Russia" kusukela Samara, okwakubekelwa ebibizwa Kuibyshev. Yakhelwe ngo-1970, ngokuhamba kwesikhathi laba enye yezindawo ezinkulu kakhulu eYurophu. Nokho, manje ifektri ephethwe yinkampani "Nestle".

Ngayinye yalezi zinkampani namanje liyabonakala futhi abathandwa amaRashiya amaningi.

amnandi uswidi

Kodwa lokho akuyona yonke Russian ushokoledi endaweni yokukhanda. Uhlu kuqhubeka. ezweni lakithi, njalo ingane yaziwa imikhiqizo ngaphansi kwegama "Magic wami". Lokhu amaqanda ushokoledi and balloons nge kumnandi lezimanga okuveza ifektri ne igama engavamile "Gavi-Neva". Ngaphezu kwalokho, isikhathi kufike uNyaka Omusha amaholide, inkampani okuthunyelwa ezitolo izibalo izwe Ntombazane, uBaba Frost, owawuhlala futhi ezihlukahlukene Christmas amathoyizi nazo eyenziwe oncibilikile. Ayikho ngaphansi owaziwayo amabhizinisi emakethe yasekhaya elise Petersburg: "Toffee" futhi "Cameo". Ngaphezu kwalokho, imikhiqizo ethandwa kakhulu oluqanjwe JSC «Akkond" mboni "Globus", JSC "Ferretti Rus", kusho inyunyana "Slavyanka".

AmaRashiya enkulu ukuthenga imikhiqizo ushokoledi eyenziwe ochwepheshe confectioneries Voronezh futhi Penza Sormovo. Abaningi ajwayelekile kusuka ebuntwaneni candy abadumile Tula "Yasnaya Polyana". Eziningi zalezi izitshalo uqhubeke ukusebenzisa ngokuzimela, futhi abanye wajoyina imidondoshiya ezifana ubambe "United Confectioners".

abaholi Umi

I-Russian abakhiqizi ushokoledi, kanye nabamele nezinye izimboni, has nabaholi bayo wavuma. Ziyakwazi elite yasekhaya confectionery umkhakha. Ngokusho kochwepheshe kungenzeka ukwaba ingqikithi izinkampani ezinhlanu, okuyinto umthetho kukhona emakethe izwe ushokoledi ifektri Russian. Isilinganiselwa izinkampani yakhiwa kanje:

1) Beka phambili ekuletheni kuthatha iqembu "United Confectioners", okuyinto ebangela amaphesenti emakethe okudayisa 20.

2) Indawo yesibili kungokwalabo nkampani MARS-RUSSTA, esikhiqiza nemigoqo adumile "Snickers", "Bounty", "Mars" futhi setshe ushokoledi "Ijuba." 15 per cent wayo wezindleko kungabuye kubhekwe impumelelo okuqinile.

3) indawo Okwesithathu - I-"Nestle" inkampani. amaphesenti wakhe 11 senziwe enjalo nemikhiqizo edumile ngokuthi "Brand Golden", "Sudarushka", "Russian" futhi "Ukuvakasha". Nge inkampani efanayo yi ukusebenza Kraft Foods. brand ayo Alpen Igolide, Milka, Cote d 'Noma, «Air» futhi Toblerone akukanciphi eyaziwa ezweni lethu.

4) Ngo endaweni yesine - inkampani Italy Ferrero, okuyinto manje imelela ifektri e-Vladimir esifundeni. amaphesenti yayo 9 bathi baseRussia uthanda Kinder, Ferrero futhi Rocher Rafaello.

5) Asele amaphesenti 34 zaba yizimboni ezincane.

Nokho, eminyakeni yamuva, ukukhiqizwa ushokoledi yezwe uya uzizwa lo mkhuba maqondana ukuhlanganiswa ne ekubumbaneni kwamabhizinisi amancane ku ukukhathazeka enamandla.