Tver: mbukwane. Monuments, iminyuziyamu, izindawo zomlando Tver

Lapho kukhulunywa ngaye okokuqala Tver esukela emuva ngonyaka 1135. Namuhla iyisikhungo lesifunda, lapho ungabona yasendulo izikhumbuzo bokwakha nezakhiwo ultra-yanamuhla, futhi izindawo zokungcebeleka. izivakashi eziningi kulo lonke elaseRussia kanye abavela kwamanye amazwe eza emzini Tver. Izikhangibavakashi kukhona khona yonke ukunambitheka kanye isithakazelo. Yini ukubona ngesikhathi evakashele izivakashi?

ulwazi olujwayelekile mayelana idolobha

Tver ingenye amadolobha endala ezweni lethu. It is eyakhelwe Upper noMfula iVolga ngesikhathi confluence nemingenela yayo ku: Sominki, Azure, Tmaka, Tvertsa. Kuyinto kwamasiko, izimboni kanye samabhizinisi yesimanje. City libanzi, futhi uma kungenzeka, kungcono eze lapha izinsuku ezimbalwa. Ngo Tver sasivumela yesimanje amahhotela kanye mini-amahhotela, zokudla nezindawo zokudla. City ziyojabula amanani akwamukeleki yokuhlala, ukudla kanye nokuvakashela izindawo. Kuyathakazelisa nje ukuhamba emigwaqweni zibabaza izindlu ezindala kanye izakhiwo zesimanje. Qiniseka ukuvakashela idolobha Tver, ezikhangayo ukuthi ngeke udumazeke!

Inombolo yomhlaba wonke yesikhungo zomlando

Tver ezibiyele Yakhiwa ngekhulu XII. Izinqaba ngokuvamile wabhubhisa bese abuyiselwe. Namuhla, ezindongeni ngokubabazekayo nemibhoshongo nje emhosheni lahlala, futhi ngesikhathi sayithi Okuhambayo Palace, ingxenye yensimu idolobha kanye enkundleni. Umlando emaphakathi epaki endaweni Tver iqala umlilo 1763. Umlilo ngalesosikhathi phephetha zonke izakhiwo ezingokomlando sokhuni enkabeni yedolobha. Ngemva kwalokho, esakhiweni se-Kremlin waqala esakhiweni itshe. Ekuqaleni kwepaki kwaba isiseduze Palace Wokujikeleza. Nokho, e-1830s, ipaki ndawo ihlanganiswe ne ingadi likahulumeni. Namuhla kuyinto enhle iholidi inala ezikhangayo nokuzijabulisa ahlobene, okungaba yokuziqhenya ngayo Tver. Idolobha namanje lapha, emhlabeni City Garden itholakala eziningi ezikhangayo nezindawo ezinhle.

IHlalankosi Trip

Ngo 1763, ngesikhathi umlilo omkhulu lashisa indlu umbhishobhi sika. Ekuqaleni kwakuhlelwe uyibuyisele, kodwa ke kwanqunywa ukuba bamakhele indlu indawo yakhe yokuphumula asebukhosini lapho uhamba kusuka eMoscow kuya Petersburg. Lesi sakhiwo yasekuqaleni kwakuba ebusayo eyinhloko futhi amaphiko amabili ziyalingana okhethwe. Impahla yisibonelo classical izakhiwo XVIII leminyaka, ne ukwengeza izakhi ahlukene isitayela Baroque.

Ngokuhamba kwesikhathi, bonke abamele asebukhosini baqala ukuvakashela yokuhlala ngokuvamile. Khona esigodlweni baqala ukusebenzisa jikelele-umbusi Tver esifundeni Georg Oldenburgsky for reception letimcoka, kanye nezinye ngezikhathi ezikhethekile. Umkakhe Catherine Pavlovna (udadewabo ka-Alexander Omkhulu) ngokuvamile bahlela lapha recitals, simema okungcono, ngokombono wakhe, izimbongi futhi abalobi. Ngemva kwalokho-Imperial Road Palace lalisetshenziswa njenge-isikhungo embukisweni. Lesi sakhiwo yabhidlika kabana phakathi neMpi Yezwe II, kodwa ngemva kokubuyiselwa uyaphinda behlaliswe emnyuziyamu ka Tver, kuhlanganise i gallery yobuciko, kanye nemibukiso enikelwe izincwadi nomlando edolobheni.

izinto zenkolo

Esikhathini Tver esifundeni eziningi Orthodox futhi ababhishobhi, futhi eziningana ezahlukene ukuguga. Imibhalo emidala kunayo yonke lesikhumbuzo ezakhiwo uyasinda - Isonto White zintathu. Leli thempeli lakhiwa e 1564 ngayingcwelisa yokudumisa zintathu. Kuyaphawuleka esontweni bokwakhiwa kwezindlu zayo: ngesisekelo cubic izahluko elisungulwe lobehlukene, ekuqaleni ayelapho ezintathu, kodwa kamuva wanezela nesinye ezine. Ithempeli lakhiwa ngendlela babengeke bakwazi ukufeza umsebenzi le nqaba futhi ngesikhathi kuhlasela amabutho esitha. Kunezinganekwane ukuthi has a isonto futhi ethile ngomshoshaphansi.

umlando Complicated has emzini Tver. Izikhangibavakashi ukuthi ungabona namuhla, iningi labo eliphezulu sokubuyiselwa noma kabusha engaphansi kwekhulu edlule ngokuphelele. Ngakho, Aleksandra Nevskogo Cathedral ladilizwa ngo-1982 bese kabusha e 2012-2015-m. Church of the Resurrection, ukuthi iVolga, ngaphansi amaSoviet elahlekile umbhoshongo insimbi waphinde kamuva nje kuphela. Kodwa Catherine Church, etholakala engxenyeni kwesokunxele-ebhange lomuzi, ngempela kuphela owasinda. Ngaphandle-Orthodox e Tver kukhona esontweni lamaKatolika we isimo (elakhiwa ngo-1864, lapho lachithwa futhi kabusha elakhiwa ngo 2002) lamaSulumane (elakhiwa ngo 1905).

Izigodlo kanye ezingcwele

Ngo Tver ukuza izivakashi hhayi kuphela kulo lonke izwe kanye basemazweni angomakhelwane, kodwa futhi-pilgrim abafisa uthinte emathempelini ka-Orthodox. Omunye yezinto ezithakazelisa kakhulu kubhekwa Ukuzalwa KukaKristu Sezindela noma Isigodlo kukaJesu. It yasungulwa ngo-1514. Esikhathini Isikhathi Nezinkinga, zonke izakhiwo esigodlweni sezindela ashiswa, kodwa labuye lakhiwa futhi. Insimu wanamuhla Kristu Cathedral, elakhiwa ngo-1820 e classicism isitayela. Otroch Assumption sezindela ayizange ezisekhona kuze kube namuhla, kusukela Lahlala esontweni kuphela, futhi esikhundleni nezinye izakhiwo esakhiwe emfuleni esiteshini. Ngo-1999, eliseduze kwethempeli kwakukhona koqweqwe sokubuyiselwa kuhlelwe shrine. Akubona bonke Isigodlo ongcwele walondoloza kanye Isigodlo Kristu. Kusukela Assumption Zheltikova, isibonelo, kuphela uqimba phansi belfry, futhi Nicholas Mali muva lavuselelwa cishe kusuka ekuqaleni.

amasayithi ezithakazelisayo

Litshwayo Tver kuyinto ebaziwe anikezelwe umthengisi Afanasiyu Nikitinu, ezazidume ngokutshala uhambo lwakhe Asia. On the isinyathelo kukhona wamazwe ebaziwe, nibheke ibanga, manje sigcwalisa lokudlala, wenza ngesimo umnsalo umkhumbi omdala. Isikhumbuzo Afanasiyu Nikitinu e Tver, njengelinye lamazwe engavamile kakhulu futhi enhle, futhi isethwe endaweni enhle - phezu kwaleli chibi.

Emigwaqweni ungabona izinto eziqoshwe ngamathambo ezindlovu lezinombolo eziningi odumile isiko nezombangazwe nangenkathi esidlule. Ngo Tver, kukhona ezikhumbuzo I. A. Krylovu, A. S. Pushkinu, Mihailu Tverskomu, Saltykov-Shchedrin. Muva nje wabonakala nethusi Mikhail Krug - chanson umculi yesimanje. Kufakiwe e Tver kanye lesikhumbuzo kuya abasebenza ngemikhumbi-ngwenya, kukhona futhi ejwayelekile ka ebaziwe, isibonelo, isithombe Lenin, VI

iminyuziyamu idolobha

Jabulela izakhiwo Tver, sekuyisikhathi ukuya kwelinye iminyuziyamu leli dolobha lalilihle futhi ukufunda okuthile okusha. udumo omkhulu esichasiselweni elalinikezelwe Saltykov-Shchedrin. Akuwona wonke umuntu uyazi ukuthi umbhali odumile iminyaka engaphezu kwemibili bekulokhu Iphini umbusi Tver esifundeni. Eqoqweni ungabona izimpahla zabo, izincwadi kanye nezinye izinto ezihlobene ubuntu ngale ndoda ephawulekayo. indawo ezithakazelisayo - Tver Life Museum. Lapha ungakwazi bafunde indlela okumelwe baphile kahle izakhamuzi futhi abalimi abavamile kule ndawo, futhi idale ingaphakathi isakhiwo mlando, ungabona kwakudala yasekuqaleni. Ngaphezu kwalokho, lo muzi ine igalari ubuciko, Museum of Ukuxhumana nezikhungo eziningana embukisweni.

amabhuloho

Uma uhlala ekude nemifula emikhulu, ngokuqinisekile uyoba umxhwele amabhuloho yonkana iVolga, etholakala Tver. I Starovolzhsky ezithakazelisayo kakhulu, wakha engaphezu kweyikhulu edlule. Yiqiniso, akusiwona izinto ezibalulekile ngakho efana eminyuziyamu Tver namathempeli lasendulo, kodwa ukunakwa ufanelwe: ngokokuqala kwebhuloho uyisimanga zobunjiniyela. Yakhiwa ngomfanekiso zezakhiwo ezifanayo ePrague. ungabona kwebhuloho ujantshi ezimpambanweni zomgwaqo ephahlwe Kalinin futhi Lenin. Ungomunye omdala eRussia.

ezikhangayo engavamile

Ngo Tver, kukhona esinye isakhiwo, ukubona okuyinto iphupho zonke izivakashi. Kuyinto samabhizinisi yesimanje, wethiwa ngabantu "rumka". Kuvele uhlobo ezithakazelisayo ka namabhilidi inikeza isizinda emincane futhi ngobuningi nzima we isitayela isiyonke ukwakhiwa kungenziwa eyabizwa ngokuthi constructivism.

Futhi ekugcineni,

Usizo ukwazi wonke umuntu wanquma ukuvakashela emzini Tver: izikhangibavakashi silindele izivakashi lapha cishe kuyo yonke ithuba. Lokhu izakhiwo mlando, mbumbulu kwabaningi babo abuyiselwe ngokuphelele, embankments landscaped nasemigwaqweni enhle. Qiniseka ukuthi uvakashela Tver Arbat - mgwaqo Trekhsvyatskoye. Isexwayiso! Hamba lapha ngezinyawo kuphela, futhi ungakhohlwa uqalaza: ungabona izinto eziqoshwe ngamathambo ezindlovu ezithakazelisayo, ikhefi futhi ezitolo zezinto zezikhumbuzo.