Ukumelana Frost namanzi ukumelana ngokhonkolo. Ibanga ngokhonkolo frost ukumelana naso futhi kwenze ukumelana namanzi. admixtures Ukhonkolo ngoba amanzi angangeni

Naphezu ukuhlukahluka zakhiwa ngezinto zokwakha zesimanje, ukhonkolo uyaqhubeka ukulondoloza isikhundla aholayo phakathi ongakhetha ukuncintisana, ngoba ezifana izici ezibalulekile njengoba ukuqina, nokwethenjelwa ngokuqina. Kuyinto ebalulekile izisombululo ngokudala izisekelo, amatshe aqinile, usimende kanye nezinye imisebenzi yokwakha.

Ukumelana Water ngokhonkolo, kanye nekhono layo ukumelana nezimo sezulu esibi, izimfanelo eziyinhloko ukuqinisekisa ukuthi impilo ende isevisi imikhiqizo isiqedile. Lezi zimpawu zokuhlola osemqoka lapho ukhetha brand ngeziningi zezinto zokwakha.

Ukhonkolo, isithwathwa ukumelana kanye ukumelana namanzi okuyizinto ezingeni eliphezulu, isiqinisekiso ikhwalithi kanye nokusebenza kakhulu ukusebenza yimuphi umklamo. Ngaphansi kwalezi izakhiwo ehloselwe ikhono imikhiqizo ukhonkolo ukumelana imiphumela emibi zemvelo ezifana umswakama, amanzi kanye lokushisa ezimbi.

Okwamanje, kunezinhlobo amamaki ezahlukene ukhonkolo frost ukumelana naso futhi kwenze ukumelana namanzi, libhekene izinga, intengo namakhono ezobuchwepheshe. Lokhu kuhlukaniswa kusiza ukukhetha impahla ngokufanele efanelekayo izakhiwo, zenzelwe ukusetshenziswa ezimweni ezahlukene.

Izitembu ungangenisi amanzi ukhonkolo

Kuye degree of ukumelana namanzi, ukhonkolo sehlukaniswe brand eziyishumi ezinkulu (GOST 26633). Bona ngokuthandana incwadi W Latin nge ethile ukubaluleka digital eyabonisa ingcindezi esiphezulu yamanzi umelana ukhonkolo test isampula ukuma cylindrical ka-15 cm ubude ngesikhathi sokuhlola ekhethekile.

Ukunqunywa amanzi ukumelana ngokhonkolo wenziwa izinkomba nenkhulumombiko nokuxhumana yayo ngamanzi. izinkomba Direct kukhona grade ngokhonkolo futhi filtration yayo ingamaphesenti, futhi engaqondile - ngezinga elithile amanzi ukumuncwa namanzi-usimende ratio isisindo.

Ngasese futhi commercial ukwakhiwa umkhuba ukufunda ukumelana namanzi ngokhonkolo, banake brand ayo, kanye nezinye ezibalulekile ikakhulukazi ekukhiqizeni izinto zokwakha.

Izici nobuntu brand obuphathekayo ukusebenza waterproof

Lapho ekhetha brand ngokhonkolo okudingekayo ukwenza izinhlobo ezithile zomsebenzi wokwakha uholwe Inkomba izinombolo ezilandelayo izinhlamvu W, esibonisa degree of nokuxhumana of the impahla umswakama namanzi. Ngokwesibonelo, ukumelana aphansi ngokhonkolo futhi, ngakho-ke, ukhwaliti ongaphakeme, grade W2. I izixazululo ngesisekelo salokhu is hhayi Kunconywa ukuba isetshenziswe ngisho ezindaweni nge amazinga aphansi nomswakama.

degree ejwayelekile permeability ukhonkolo W4 brand. Lokhu kusho ukuthi indlela yokwakheka possesses the ikhono lokwamukela imali evamile yamanzi, ngakho ukusetshenziswa kwalo kungenzeka kuphela uma nje ungangenisi amanzi okuhle.
On the izikhundla elandelayo izinga isikali kufanele ukumaka W6, esibonakala by permeability ongaphakeme. Lokhu kusho ukusebenzisa iZwi ukwakhiwa obuphathekayo izinga medium and ongaphakeme intengo isigaba, futhi lokhu kungenxa ukuthandwa elisetshenziswa ukwakhiwa.

Ukhonkolo W8 uphawu has a permeability ongaphakeme ngoba ubamba umswakama e imali mayelana 4.2% kuphela isisindo sayo. Kuyinto engcono futhi ezibiza kakhulu, uma kuqhathaniswa nabangu W6 uphawu.

grade balandela ngokhonkolo nge izinkomba 10, 12, 14, 16, 18 no-20 Ayanda value kwamanani, ephansi permeability impahla. Ngokusho lokhu ngezigaba, manzi kakhulu sha ukhonkolo W20, kodwa akuvamile esetshenziswa ngenxa intengo kuqhathaniswa eliphezulu.

ukusetshenziswa esiwusizo lemikhiqizo ezithile letivakalako ukumelana namanzi

ezihlukahlukene Ukhonkolo ingakhetfwa kuye ngokuthi izimo yokusebenza lezinto. Ngokwesibonelo, i-ethela isisekelo awunankinga W8 uphawu ilungiselelo enikeziwe ungangenisi amanzi eyengeziwe. Abaluphahleka izindonga ukukhiqiza amamaki ukhonkolo W8-w14. Nokho, konke ngamagumbi ngempela manzi futhi kubanda amanzi ukumelana ukhonkolo ukuba esiphezulu, ngakho-ke Kunconywa ukuba asebenzise esezingeni izixazululo futhi zidinga ukwelashwa okwengeziwe izindonga nge basecoat ekhethekile.

Ukuze izinga futhi izindonga zangaphandle, eliqinile, ethela kaZuma amasayithi namaculo Kufanele usebenzise ukhonkolo amanani esiphezulu ukumelana namanzi, njengoba kulezi zindawo njalo obala imiphumela ebuhlungu zangaphandle izimo zezulu.

Izithasiselo in aphathekako waterproof izandla zabo

Isidingo ukusebenzisa izinga okusezingeni Izingxube ukhonkolo ekukhiqizeni izinto noma izakhi zalo ezisobala ahlukahlukene, kodwa kudinga utshalomali ngemali okukhulu ngenxa zibiza kakhulu izinto ezinjalo. Kodwa kuthiwani uma isabelomali ukwakhiwa lilinganiselwe, futhi ukuhlukumeza yenqubo Akwamukelekile? Impendulo ilula: ungasebenzisa ebucayini, okungukuthi ukwandisa ukumelana namanzi ngokhonkolo wedwa.

Namuhla, kunamabandla ambalwa izindlela eziphumelelayo ukwandisa ukumelana mix ukhonkolo ukuze amanzi, kodwa udumo esikhulu kunazo zonke esitholakala bobabili: ususe ukuncipha ngokhonkolo futhi sibe nomthelela yesikhashana ukubunjwa ukhonkolo.

Inqubo ekucwileni ezikweletini ukuncipha ngokhonkolo

Concretes ongaphakeme kanye amamaki phakathi kukhona ngokwanele izinto ukungena nakwamanye amazwe ukuncela kalula umswakama. Le mpahla omubi ubizwa iyakhula e inqubo ukuncipha ngesikhathi solidification yesixazululo. Ngakho, ukwenza ngcono ikhwalithi yamanzi ukumelana ngokhonkolo bungatholakala ngokunciphisa degree of ukuncipha.

Ukuze kuzuzwe elamukelekile kuzosiza indlela eqotho:

1. Kufanele usebenzise admixtures ekhethekile ukhonkolo ukumelana namanzi. Umgomo we operation wukuthi ngesikhathi solidification yesixazululo akha ifilimu ovikelayo, ekuvimbeleni ukuncipha yayo. Namuhla emakethe linikeza ezihlukahlukene izithasiselo in ukhonkolo manzi, futhi nakuba umsebenzi phambi kwabo kukhona eyodwa, kodwa zonke option single has izici zayo siqu, ngakho ngaphambi kokuthenga kufanele ufunde ngokucophelela iziqondiso zomenzi wawo.
2. Ngaphezu ayengezwa ukhonkolo ukuze angangenwa manzi izithasiselo ekhethekile, ibuye Kunconywa ukuba uthele amanzi. Le nqubo wenziwa ngoba ezinsukwini zokuqala ezine, ne esingaba amahora angu-4. Okulandelayo, kufanele isakhiwo ukhonkolo omisiwe ezimweni zemvelo.
3. Nge ukuhwamuka okusheshayo umswakama kusukela isixazululo phakathi solidification futhi kwenzeka ukuncipha kwalo. Ukubambezela le nqubo, ngemva ethela isakhiwo ukhonkolo kufanele ngokushesha embozwe ifilimu okhethekile, kwakhiwa okuyinto by ukufingqa ekuvimbeleni ukuncipha futhi ikhuthaza ukwanda UKUQINA ukhonkolo. Ukumboza ngendlela akunjalo uthinte yokugcwalisa. Kanye imiphetho ushiye izikhala ezincane umoya ukupholisa.

imithelela lesikhashana isakhiwo ukhonkolo

Le ndlela ukunikeza isixazululo owomileyo ube yiziphethu "abavuthiwe 'isikhathi esithile. Le mfuneko esemqoka lapha nezimiso isitoreji efanele. Ingxube kufanele ibe Egumbini elimnyama efudumele futhi equliswa umswakama njalo. Ngakho, ngemva kwezinyanga eziyisithupha ukumelana layo emanzini kuzokwanda izikhathi eziningana.

Ukumelana frost ngokhonkolo

Ngaphansi le nkomba kusho ikhono Izingxube ukhonkolo ukugcina izakhiwo zabo ezingokwenyama mechanical nemibandela okokuqandisa okuphindaphindiwe incibilikiswa. Lesi sici ifeza indima eyinhloko ukukhethwa Concretes ukwakhiwa kwebhuloho zinsika, airfield futhi umgwaqo zokuhamba, imisele yamanzi, izakhiwo kanye nezinye izikhungo wasebenza ngawo zindawo maphakathi nasenyakatho.

Ukunqunywa frost ukumelana ngokhonkolo Kwenziwa ukuhlolwa laboratory usebenzisa izindlela ezimbili: base kwadlanga. Uma imiphumela izifundo kuhluke, kuzoxoxwa salokhu idatha yokugcina etholakale kusetshenziswa indlela eyisisekelo.

Ukuphenywa ukumelana ukhonkolo okushisa aphansi

Ukuhlola kwenziwe usebenzisa amasampula eziyisisekelo nokulawula, okuyinto ikhiqizwa amamaki ezahlukene ungangenisi amanzi ukhonkolo ngokuhlola serial. Control izikhala ukhonkolo zisetshenziswa ukunquma amandla abo compressive. Le nqubo Kwenziwa ngaphambi ukuhlolwa amasampuli eziyisisekelo ukuthi ziyobhekana iqhwa-ncibilika ezimeni ezahlukene ukugcwaliswa, okwenzeka ezimweni zemvelo zezulu.

Ngokwesibonelo:

• ebukhoneni aphakeme komhlaba ezingeni;
• e incibilikiswa ezithile zonyaka eyiqhwa;
• lapho zihlatshwa kwezulu;
• ngokungabi bikho ukugcwaliswa gqwa, lapho ukhonkolo ivikelwe ngaphansi komhlaba kanye kwezulu.

Izinga ngezigaba ngokhonkolo frost ukumelana by brand

Ngokusho uhlelo lwamuva Standard, isithwathwa ukumelana brand ukhonkolo ezikhonjiswe incwadi Latin F. Lokhu value ephawula isibalo esikhulu sezinto nqabela / ncibilika imijikelezo, umelana amasampula ezithile iphrojekthi abaneminyaka ngokuya ukunciphisa yamandla eqine nokwehlisa isisindo kokwaziswa kwalo, imigomo ehlinzekelwe ngcono amazinga akhona njengamanje.

Ukuze kutholakale izinga frost ukumelana ngokhonkolo amanani ezinombolo asetshenziswa kusiya ku 25 1000. I emikhulu ukubaluleka, ngcono ikhwalithi ukuthembeka impahla.

Imithetho kukhethwa Izingxube ukhonkolo

Ukukhetha ebangeni edingekayo Izingxube ukhonkolo izakhiwo frost nemithi okufanele kwenziwe ikhumbula izici zezulu kwendawo, kanye nenani ukuqanda incibilikiswa imijikelezo phakathi nenkathi ebandayo. Qaphela ukuthi ukumelana kakhulu akunaye Concretes nge high density.