Iribhoni isisekelo ngaphansi kocingo: idivayisi iphinde izibalo

Kunoma yisiphi isakhiwo kumele kube kocingo evikela izwe langakhona. ezihlukahlukene nezimpahla, okufana ngokhuni noma insimbi ingasetshenziswa ukwakhiwa yayo. Ukuze ukwakha zokugcina isikhathi eside futhi uhlamvu eziqinile, kuyodingeka ukwakha isisekelo, izindawo zokuhlala, noma izakhiwo noma iyiphi enye yokufinyelela kuphela uzokwazi thembeke ukuvikela emehlweni prying noma ukufinyelela okungagunyaziwe.

Kuye ngokuthi uhlobo olunjani lwesakhiwo ngabe ube nothango, ungase ukhethe uhlobo oluthile isisekelo. Kumila kungenzeka itshe, columnar, ibhande noma band-columnar. Ngaphambi ukwakhiwa izisekelo idingekile ukuze wokugubha emhlabathini, njengoba umthetho, uhlelo zokwakha Sihlelwe ngomumo kusengaphambili. Ukumakwa kufanele kwenziwe kanye azungezwe, kufanele uzilungiselele ngaphambi intambo okuyinto tensioned phakathi ezigxotsheni setha ezisemagumbini.

umsebenzi wokwenza amalungiselelo

Uma ungakujabulela iyahambelana iribhoni isisekelo kocingo, bese uzodinga ukudala kwagcizelela strip obunamandla bokuthi zibekwe azungezile. Kufanele sivume ukuthi lolu hlobo isakhiwo esisetshenziselwa ezicijile. Nokho, ngaphambi kokuqala umsebenzi, kumelwe ucabangele zonke izigaba ukwakhiwa lesisekelo ezinjalo. Ekuqaleni, emseleni is ezaziwumbile, le zazo ukujula kuzoncika izimo zezulu, isisindo isakhiwo nomhlabathi ukumelana. Ngokuvamile, lokhu ipharamitha washintsha in the ezahlukene 60 kuya ku-80 cm, kuyilapho ububanzi kuzoncika ukushuba izibonelo zalokho esizayo.

Ngaphambi kokwenza imisebenzi elandelayo kodwa phansi emseleni ligcwele letshebetshebe ohlangene waphuzisa kahle.

Ukudala yezinyoni yokugcizelela

Uma ukuhlubula esimweni ngaphansi kocingo izokwakhiwa, isinyathelo esilandelayo ukuze anakekele ukufakwa ukuqinisa, kuyokunikeza umklamo inqaba. Amabha Standard for izibonelo zalokho ezinjalo kumele abe Ingxenye evundlile 10 mm, futhi izakhi ulaliswe 5 cm kusukela phansi emseleni. Ngu esifanelekayo lokhu wabeka ukwesekwa kanye uchungechunge ezimbili zokuqala ukuqinisa kufanele alingane ubude emseleni, izakhi akufanele ukufinyelela izindonga 7 cm. Kungenziwa Izingxenye transverse kufanele ibekwe eduze mpo, ibanga elibahlukanisile 40 cm. A yokubeka thwi ngamakhasimende kufanele kube ngezansi engenhla base cutoff ka mayelana 7 cm. phezulu iqinile imishayo longitudinal, futhi idizayini Kumiswa usebenzisa wire ngibopha noma indlela zokushisela.

Dala formwork

Iribhoni isisekelo ngaphansi kocingo kumele abe formwork, kuyoba yakha isisekelo kakhonkolo. Kulesi sigaba kubalulekile ukusebenzisa 25-milimitha nhlangothi zombili kwamapulangwe, kusukela lapho siphambuka izihlangu. Ukwakhiwa eqeda kufanele akha ebhokisini, elingenhla ingxenye formwork kuyanda ngaphezu kwamanzi emhlabathini cm 30 noma ngaphezulu. Ukuze izakhi babesendaweni, ukufaka ibhodi spacer.

Ukuthululela isixazululo ukhonkolo

Uma ufuna ukwakha isisekelo strip ngaphansi kocingo ke isinyathelo esilandelayo ukuqhubeka ukulungiswa ingxube obunamandla bokuthi is batheleka isikhunta. Ngakho kungenzeka ukuthatha Ingxenye 1 kuya kwele 4, okubandakanya ukusetshenziswa usimende nesihlabathi inkwali. Ukuze uthuthukise amandla of the ukwakheka izithako kufanele uthele amatshe noma ukushiya. Ngenxa yalokho, kufanele uthole mass obukhulu. Ukuze phansi emseleni Cha withhold umswakama ingxube, phansi egodini umanziswe. Ngemva kokuphothulwa esigabeni ukugcwaliswa okufanele idlule cishe izinsuku ezintathu, kodwa ngemva kwalokho usungaqala ahlukanisa formwork nokwakhiwa okwengeziwe kocingo.

Izincomo ukwakhiwa strip isisekelo

Lapho ukufakwa strip isisekelo ngaphansi kocingo ebhodi lukathayela, kubalulekile ukukhumbula ukuthi ububanzi emseleni akufanele ibe ngaphansi ukushuba Ngokuzayo kocingo. emseleni kufanele kube njengoba mpo, kodwa uma kuziwa inhlabathi okuxekethile, angase yomumo.

Lapho emseleni lelungiselelwe, kubalulekile ukulandela ezingeni ngesakhiwo. Ngakho, inkosi Kunconywa ukuqala endaweni ongaphakeme, ke isisekelo ukujula ngeke ibe ngaphansi omunye ebalisisiwe. Ezansi emseleni ungakwazi uthele ungqimba ngohlalwane, ngezinye izikhathi ubuyisela isihlabathi. Kunoma ikuphi, ukuqeqeshwa kuyadingeka ukuba abuqede.

Ikakhulukazi ukudalwa formwork

Ukuthululela strip isisekelo ngaphansi kocingo akumelwe kwenziwe kube ngezikhawu eside, kulesi simo kungenzeka nobuso lenqwaba base emva iphele. Nokho, kubalulekile ukuba pre-ukudala formwork, okuyinto efakwe kanye emaphethelweni ebhodini. Kodwa uma usebenza nge inhlabathi okuxekethile, izakhi ogibele phansi. Ukuze uthole isithombe esibushelelezi Ingaphakathi, amabhodi ngaphandle kumele kuciniswe. Ukwenza lula Ukudilizwa amabhodi phansi futhi ngaphakathi odongeni kungenziwa embozwe polyethylene ifilimu. Nokho, ungqimba enjalo akakwazi ngokuthi ungangenisi amanzi okuthembekile, kodwa ngesikhathi ukukhula we impahla ukhonkolo kwafinyelela ngakususi umswakama ukumuncwa, okuzokwenza ngcono izici ngamandla base.

Ngaphakathi formwork selibekiwe armature, elisetshenziswa njengesibonakaliso induku ezimazombezombe. Nokho emnothweni ekwakhiweni kocingo kungaba lula ukusebenzisa metal ezilahliwe, anezikhala noma tube. Kulezo zindawo lapho bayobizwa elise, noma ukwesekwa amakholomu, ukuqinisa kumele kwenziwe ngokuqinile ngokuvumelana nemithetho. Basho ukuthi induku kumele akha isakhiwo ngakuthathu oluhlanganisa wire. Ukuze kwandiswe amandla yamakholomu ingalandela azosethwa kusuka eksisi tube isici metal.

Band-pier isisekelo

Strip isisekelo ngezandla zabo ngaphansi kocingo ingase amisiwe besebenzisa izisekelo ezengeziwe. Lo mklamo ingasetshenziswa kocingo isitini, kanye nokwakhiwa, okuyinto sizofaka ukhuni akhiwe ngezitini noma ngamatshe kwezinsika. Ngezinye izikhathi isisekelo band-pier esungulwe ngokuhlanganyela kocingo ebhodi lukathayela. Ngesikhathi isinyathelo sokuqala ukwenza yomdwebo igodi emseleni, ububanzi yokugcina zingahluka kusuka 20 kuya 25 cm kuso, kodwa kuyadingeka ukuba sijulise base ezimbili izinyawo. Njalo amamitha amathathu kudingekile ukwenza kude lapho izinsika lizofakwa. Ububanzi imbobo ungakwazi ukukwenza kufanele kulingane noma enkulu kuno-0.4 m, kuyilapho izakhi ezidingekayo ukuze bajulise ngezansi okokuqandisa umhlabathi, okuyinto cishe 1.5 m.

Uma ecabanga indlela yokwenza isisekelo strip ngaphansi ocingweni, okuyinto uyobasekela, esikhundleni esidlule, ungasebenzisa amafulemu ensimbi. Amabha ezifakiwe emigodini, futhi isikhala etholwe ligcwele ukhonkolo. izisekelo Kuqondile kufanele baqashwe usebenzisa yomthofu wokumisa noma ezingeni. Umsele kufanele sibeke metal nokufakwa, okuyinto ziyahlukahluka ugqinsi 8 kuya ku-12 mm. Ukhonkolo kuthululwe ezingeni phansi.

isiphetho

Strip isisekelo turnkey kocingo zingenziwa ochwepheshe, kodwa ngesikhathi esifanayo kufanele ukhokhe ruble mayelana 20,000. Ngezinye izikhathi intengo scares abathengi, ngakho uthanda ukuba bafeze lo msebenzi bebodwa.