Ukuvuza okwamanje emotweni: kanjani ukuhlola umhloli, i-bulb, i-multimeter?

Njalo ngonyaka, inani lezinketho kanye nezinhlelo ze-elektroniki emotweni landa. Uma ngaphambi kokuba ibhethri idingeke kuphela ukuqala injini, manje kusengumthombo wamandla omculo (ngokuvamile ophethe i-subwoofer), amarekhodi, amakhompiyutha angewona ajwayelekile emaphaketheni, ama-parktronics nezinye izingxenye. Zonke zidinga ukudla. Ngolunye usuku umnikazi wemoto uyaqaphela ukuthi i-AKB inikeze "ukuchofoza" okuqinile. Isizathu sokuvuza kwamanje emotweni. Ungazihlola kanjani wena futhi yini engaba isizathu sokuthi kwenzeke? Uzothola ngalokhu kusihloko sethu samanje.

Thola isizathu sokuvuza

Ngokwezibalo, amaphesenti angama-90 okuvuza ayenzeka ngenxa yemishini engejwayelekile. Lokhu kuchazwa kalula ngokubiza. Uma uthenga imoto entsha izindleko zenye noma enye inketho ingaba amashumi ezinkulungwane zama-ruble. Futhi ufake ama-parkronics noma ama-camera (ngaphandle komdayisi), ungakwazi ukugcina imali ngokukhululekile. Kulesi simo, ukusebenza kwabo kuzohlala okufanayo. Kodwa isizathu asikho ezitokisini, kodwa njengoxhumano lwabo. Ngokuvamile, abafakisi begaraji balahlekelwa imithetho yokuxhuma izintambo. Esikhundleni se-terminals, ukuguquka kusetshenzisiwe, futhi ngezinye izikhathi uhlelo luxhunywe ngisho ngaphandle kwefriji. Lokhu akukona nje kungabangela ukuvuza kwamanje emotweni (indlela yokuyihlola ngezandla zakho, sizocubungula kamuva), kodwa futhi kubangele isifunda esifushane ngisho nomlilo. Yebo, umthamo we-in-board network unama-volts angu-12 kuphela. Kodwa lokhu akusho ukuthi izintambo azikwazi ukugcoba, futhi imoto - ishisa ngokuzenzekelayo. Ukufakwa kufanele kuthathwe njengokwethenjelwa ngangokunokwenzeka.

Iyini amaphesenti ayishumi asele?

Kulolu hlu kukhona izinto ezifakiwe njalo (kufaka phakathi i-generator). Kodwa ngokuvamile izinkinga zabo zivela kumakhilomitha ayizinkulungwane eziyi-150-200. Ngokuhamba kwesikhathi, uthuli nokucwiliswa kuqoqa kuma-terminals. Ngezinye izikhathi kungathola amanzi. Konke lokhu kuyimbangela yalesi simo njengokwamanje okuvuzayo emotweni. Ungayihlola kanjani? Kulula kakhulu. Kodwa okokuqala udinga ukulungisa amathuluzi.

Ukulungiselela ukuxilongwa

Ngakho-ke, sinokuvuza okwamanje emotweni. Ungayihlola kanjani? Sidinga ukhiye we-8 noma we-10, kanye ne-multimeter.

Ukuhlolwa kwe-Multimeter

Okokuqala vula i-hood bese ususa ukuphela kusuka ebhetri. Kunezibili zazo - sidinga okungezansi. Ngokuqhubekayo sithatha ngezandla zamathameteritha. Sibeka esimweni "se-amperage". Ngingabheka kanjani ukuvuza okwamanje emotweni nge-multimeter ngaphezulu? Bese ubeka ukuhlolwa kwakhe kuholele phakathi kokugcina nokuxhumana kwebhethri. Sibheka ngokucophelela ubufakazi. Uma zingaphezu kuka-0.05, khona-ke kukhona ukuvuza emotweni. Kodwa kuthiwani uma kwakungenakho idivayisi eseduze? Ungahlola kanjani ukuvuza okwamanje emotweni ngaphandle komhloli? Indlela ehlukile kufanele isetshenziswe. Sizolichaza ngezansi.

Indlela ehlukile

Uma kungekho umhloli, akunandaba. Ungahlala uthola isibani sokukhanya se-12-volt kanye nezintambo eziningana zokujika. Ngingabheka kanjani ukuvuza kwamanje emotweni ngombani wokukhanya? Okokuqala udinga ukuyilungiselela. I-element ngokwayo kumele ibe yizinyanga ezimbili noma ezintathu. Siphonsa ingxenye engxenyeni yayo (kuyoba "ukunciphisa"), futhi okwesibili sixhuma ku- "plus". Ubude bezingcingo kumele kube kumitha eyodwa. Kungenzeka futhi ngaphezulu, kodwa akuyona into elula kakhulu. Ukuze uvimbele oxhumana nabo "plus" no- "minus" ku-bulb ekuthinteni nomunye nomunye, faka ama-terminal. Okulandelayo, susa ukuphela bese uyibheke ngendlela efanayo (ushintshe kuphela i-polarity). Beka ucingo emkhawulweni phakathi kwebhethri kanye nesiphetho esiqondile. Uma isibani esibanjwe umlilo, khona-ke kukhona ukuvuza emotweni. Amandla we-isibhamu sokukhanya akufanele adlule ama-watts angu-5. Kuhle kakhulu ukusebenzisa i-bulb. Kodwa awukwazi ukusebenzisa izakhi ze-diode. Babesaba kakhulu amandla enamandla futhi bangashisa kalula. Futhi uqaphele ukuthi lokhu ngeke kusebenze.

Nakani! Yonke imisebenzi evezwe ngezindlela zokuqala nezesibili zenziwa ngokushisa kushintshiwe. Lokhu kuyimfuneko yokuthola ukuxilongwa. Uma ukhetha indlela yesibili, isibani asixhunyiwe ne "mass" ebhetri - kuphela "plus". Uma kungenjalo kuzokhanya noma ngabe yikuphi, ngisho noma kungekho ukuvuza.

Indlela yokulungisa inkinga?

Ngakho, sasiqiniseka ukuthi kukhona ukuvuza emotweni. Kodwa yini okufanele uyenze ngalokhu okuqhubekayo? Manje sidinga ukuthola umthombo wenkinga. Kunzima ukukwenza lokhu. Okokuqala vula ibhokisi lokufiphaza. Okusemqoka kokuhlolwa kucacile. Sidinga ukukhipha fuses ngayinye ngesikhathi bese silandela ubufakazi bomhloli. Ngokuvamile, ukuvuza kuyanyamalala lapho isici esiyinhloko esiphethe "ukugcina" sichithwa. Ngokuhlukile, i-fuses iya kumsakazo, izibani zamatshe kanye namadayili. Ngakho-ke, isizathu esikufunayo kwimishini engejwayelekile. Kungaba i-alamu.

Ukuthola imbangela yokuvuza kungumsebenzi owenza kahle kakhulu. Ngezinye izikhathi kufanele sikhethe ihholo lesigamu ukuze sithole lokho okushiwo okushisayo, okuyinto ehlasela "mass". Kodwa yini okufanele ukwenze - lezi yizimo. Yiqiniso, ungenza lula ukusesha. Ukuze wenze lokhu, imitha ngayinye yezingcingo ihlanzwa futhi ihlolwe ukuphikiswa. Kodwa ngokuvamile imbangela yokuvuza yiyo intambo evezwe yesikhashana. Igobolondo layo eliqhakazile liyancibilika futhi imifudlana iseduze nomzimba wensimbi ngokwayo (futhi kuyaziwa ukuthi unesibopho "sobuningi").

Ungakugwema kanjani inkinga?

Ukubeka amabhethri anamandla angenzi lutho. Kubalulekile ukukhipha impande yenkinga. Kodwa kusukela manje, awudingi ukungayinaki imithetho yemigqa. Intambo ngayinye ne-polarity yayo ifanelana ne-corrugation. Isistimu ngokwayo kumele isebenze ngokusebenzisa i-fuse. Kungathathwa ngokusebenzisa i-unit, noma ifakwe nxazonke, ngokuxhuma ama-terminals. Ama-circuits amaningi ambalwa akwenzeka ngokuqondile ngenxa yokuntuleka kwamafaysi. Uma lamanje likhulu, i-wire of wire is hot and izintambo ziqhubekela phambili.

Ingabe okujwayelekile kuvuza?

Kungakhathaliseki ukuthi kungabonakalisa kanjani okungajwayelekile, lokhu kunjalo (Yebo, ngaphakathi kwemingcele efanele). Ukuvuza kuyinkqubo yemvelo, okuyiyo ngisho emotweni entsha. Phela, umshini wanamuhla unesimiso sezinhlelo (i-alamu yomshini efanayo kanye nekhompiyutha), okuzo "ukudonsa" okwamanje ngisho nasemotweni eyimoto. Ochwepheshe baveza izibalo ezithile, lapho ukuvuza okunjalo kuvamile. Ngezimoto ze-B-no-C, lesi sibalo singama-40 mA ngosuku. Emabhasini amancane angama-80 mA. Konke okungaphezulu - kufana nokungasebenzi kahle. Ngakho-ke, udinga ukwazi ukuthi ungabheka kanjani ukuvuza okwamanje emotweni ngumhloli futhi ngaphandle kwalo. Ngendlela, i-multimeter entsha ingathengwa ngama-ruble angu-450, okwamukelekile.

Isiphetho

Ngakho, sithole ukuthi singabheka kanjani ukuvuza okwamanje emotweni nge-multimeter futhi ngaphandle kwalo. Ungayinaki le nkinga. Ngempela, ngelinye ilanga ibhethri lizokhishwa "ku-zero", futhi ngeke kwenzeke ukuqala imoto. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ukukhulelwa okujulile kunciphisa kakhulu amandla ebhethri. Uma ukuvuza kuphelile, ngeke kuphele unyaka. Lokhu kusebenza kokubili amabhethri okuhola ne-helium. Ukwazi ukuhlola ukuvuza kwamanje emotweni nge-multimeter, uzogcina amandla ebhetri futhi ngeke ube nezinkinga ngokuqala.