Umbhalo Linguistics. Izingxenye ezihlobene ukuhlinzekwa kokuxhumana

Umbhalo yezilimi kuleli incazelo zanamuhla ukuhlobana izigaba ezithile semantic umbhalo nalabo imithetho sangaphakathi ukwakhiwa, okuyinto ukuqinisekisa kwenethiwekhi.

Le ndlela kwebalingisi umbhalo njengoba isibalo ngokolimi asigcini.

yezilimi okuchazayo, ukuhlobana ngalo isiqongo 1920-50-yalolucwaningo (umsunguli - L.Blumfild) - ngokuyinhloko alalelwa asemanticheskomu indlela kumbhalo. Kulesi isiko zibhekwa njengemikhiqizo iqoqo amayunithi semantic kuyinto ukuhlonza ubudlelwane obucacile semantic phakathi kwazo. ukunakwa okuningi sakhokhwa ukwakhiwa kwesakhiwo. Yingakho elinye igama yezilimi achazayo - structuralism.

Umbhalo yezilimi, kubhekwe ngokuya ukuxhumana efanele, inike inombolo ethile ncenye umbhalo njengoba reruns. Zingaba lucebe, kolimi, buviyoviyo, sitayela, njll

Qaphela: ngezinye izikhathi okuphindaphindiwe embhalweni ubhekwa ukushiyeka yesitayela. Kumele kuqashelwe ukuthi le akunjalo ngaso sonke isikhathi. Lapho sekuyisikhathi sokuba akhulume, isibonelo, elikushoyo ngezindaba zesayensi lesibonwa, ukuphindaphinda ungakusebenzisa ukukhonza njengoba main jikelele semantic ukucabanga injini.

ukuphindaphinda lucebe kuyinto ukuphindaphinda ngezwi elifanayo, noma amazwi cognate. Phinda umsebenzi zingahluka:

1. Ukukhonjwa inani elikhulu lezinto:

- Kulabo emizaneni, amahlathi, emahlathini, amahlathi (Melnikov Crypt).

- Kungxenyekazi Kwakugcwele abantu emhlabeni, abantu.

2. Quality Isici:

- Kodwa design ezingalindelekile babe izindonga blue-blue.

- Esikhathini intuthu emnyama, okuyinto waphuma ipayipi, kwakubonakala ezimhlophe nomhlophe.

3. Ukunika ngokomzwelo umbala imiphumela:

- Winter, ongahluziwe kakhulu kulo nyaka, Akufani siphelile futhi eyadonsa unomphela.

Sencazelo "yezilimi" akuyona isiphelile ngokuphelele izigaba ngokolimi, futhi into ezifana umbhalo yezilimi, libanzi uxhumano yekuchumana nefilosofi, ubuhlakani, futhi izingxenyana ezifana sociolinguistics, psycholinguistics, intelligence yokufakelwa, njll

Ukuze uthole umbhalo ukuze kuqondwe abafundi noma abalaleli kuyinto libalulekile psycho-ngokomzwelo, uzwakalise ngamazwi.

"Akuyena wonke umuntu kungaba ukunikezwa kakhulu, kodwa ngamunye kufanele kube kuhle kimi." Lamagama kungokwalabo wesimanje umbhali American Michael Cunningham. Ukunakisisa kakhulu ukuba isitayela vesi, wabhala: "Ukwazi ukuthi umzamo ugqozi ingena ngokubhala incwadi, mina ongathethelela umbhali lukhulu uma kwenzeka ukuthi umugqa ngamunye kuhle endaweni yayo, kanye ncwadi kulotshiwe ne fresh, ulimi elithakazelisayo, ngisho noma ukuthi umbhali wasebenzisa amazwi efanayo abalobi American baye basebenzisa eminyakeni eyikhulu edlule. "

Kuyinto, ngaphezu kwakho konke, futhi le nkulumo iziphakamiso uboniswe maqondana semantic bathole ezinye zezici zalo mayelana nomthelela yabo psycho-ngokomzwelo phezu umfundi.

M. Sarton wabhala kuyi-Journal of Solitude: "Thola indlu, ukudala ukuthula nokuhleleka okuzungezile, uma awukwazi ukwakha ke ngaphakathi ngokwakho uhlanganyela umfundi emhlabeni wakho siqu, wazisa indlela ukubaleka ukuthunjwa ukungabaza yangaphakathi, kokungabaza, ukudideka, umuzwa, uhlangabezana uqobo. ., umlobi kwenza ukuzwelana ke Lokhu ungaboniswa umusho emfushane: ukudala oda emhlabeni uma awukwazi ukwakha ngaphakathi.

Ukubumbana (ukuhambisana kwemicabango njengemisho umbhalo) - eyodwa nje lwezigaba eziningi izibambo umbhalo yezilimi. Ngakwelinye ihlangothi, esigabeni ngasinye lihlotshaniswa belinganisa elithi: inkulumo, umbhalo sesiphakamiso, njll Kufanele kuqashelwe ukuthi, ngenxa amagama ayo letsite yetheksthi yezilimi namanje ekuthuthukisweni.