Umzila yezifiso

Yomgudu yezifiso zenzelwe ukuqoqa idatha interconnection topologies. Ikhaya ewachitha inkinga, noma, ngamanye amazwi, ukukhethwa umzila kahle, ngokuvamile ixazululwe ngokuhlaziya amatafula ethize ezibekwe zonke ezilinganiselwe inethiwekhi ISIZINDA kanye imizila.

Ukuze ukwakha ngokuzenzakalelayo amatafula ezidingekayo, imizila ziyahlukahluka kusuka neminye imininingwane ngamunye ethile ngosizo eziklanyelwe inkonzo yezifiso, futhi babizwa "umzila yezifiso". Lezi zihlanganisa i-protocol NLSP, RIP, OSPF, okumele zihlukaniswa kunethiwekhi, ezifana IP.

Ngosizo Izivumelwano olufanele imizila kancane kancane kuze networking ikhadi. Kakade ngesisekelo lezi idatha ngamunye nenethiwekhi isinqumo okuyinto router ethize ukudlulisela amaphakethe ukuthi ithunyelwa inethiwekhi umzila umphumela kwenzakala the ningi NEMPUMELELO NGAPHAKATHI. Imiphumela sezinqumo ezithathwe alotshwe etafuleni umzila. Lapho ukumisa inethiwekhi sishintsha, ezinye okufakiwe iyoba ayivumelekile ngokuzenzakalelayo. Khona-ke lo amaphakethe athunyelwe ku imizila amanga, kungenzeka yalahleka noma babhajwe. On ngokushesha kangakanani yezifiso mashrutizatsii ukuhola okuqukethwe ithebula isimo langempela inethiwekhi oluthinta ngqo izinga umsebenzi uqobo.

yezifiso yomgudu kukhona ngeengaba eziningana. Zingaba kokubili sesinyathelo esisodwa futhi multi-step, static, ashukumisayo, ekilasini, classless. Ngaphezu kwalokho, yezifiso ingaba zangaphakathi nezangaphandle. Esikhathini-isinyathelo esisodwa ekukhetheni umzila ofanele ekuqaleni azimisele kuphela eduze router, kodwa hhayi yonke ukulandelana yabo. imizila Static afakiwe ngumlawuli inethiwekhi ngesandla. Ngokuvamile, basuke asetshenziswa amanethiwekhi elincane babe isakhiwo ilula futhi icacile. Plus, yebo, iyona kalula isethaphu, nokungabi khona kwanoma yiliphi ukulahlekelwa traffic ukudluliswa ulwazi ewachitha nezimfuneko isisetshenziswa ongaphakeme. Kodwa uma kukhona ushintsho ukumisa inethiwekhi, kufanele ushintshe etafuleni umzila phezu konke Sebawoti ngesandla. Nokho, ukuthandwa okwandayo kukhona ashukumisayo umzila yezifiso.

BGP kuyinto - omunye enkulu umzila yezifiso ku-intanethi. It yenzelwe exchange of idatha ku imizila phakathi izinhlelo ezinkulu ezizimele, ngakho ngaphezu ulwazi oluvamile, uthwala imizila ivuliwe izinhlelo azimele wodwa. , BGP ukhetha indlela engcono esekelwe imithetho zamukelwa e inethiwekhi, futhi akasebenzisi emsebenzini yayo nemitha lobuchwepheshe. Futhi, lokhu olandelwayo isebenzisa indlela summarization ukunciphisa ithebula umzila. Okwamanje, version wesine olandelwayo yokusebenza.

OSPF futhi olandelwayo ashukumisayo zithandwa kakhulu. Kusekelwe ubuchwepheshe uqaphe isimo isiteshi, bese isebenzisa ngomsebenzi walo algorithm Dijkstra sika. zako zihlanganisa high speed Kuhlangana, isebenze kahle ongakulayisha nozime inethiwekhi buso ubude onhlobonhlobo.

RIP-protocol - omunye omdala, okuyinto Nokho, ngokwanele okwandile kuze kube yilolu suku. It is lisetshenziswe amanethiwekhi encane nge isakhiwo esilula. Iziphakamiso eziyisisekelo ilula ukusebenzisa futhi ufake. I-algorithm ibanga Vector zisekelwe umsebenzi wakhe. Lapho usebenzisa i-RIP konke okungenile kumathebula umzila aqukethe ikheli yenethiwekhi, noma aphethe uya khona.

yezifiso yomgudu abasakwazi ezihlukahlukene, lapho kukhona inani elikhulu, futhi ngalinye linomsebenzi kokubili ubuhle izinhlangothi ezimbi.