Ungamsiza kanjani UPnP ku-Windows XP

Inombolo enkulu yabasebenzisi inamakhompiyutha amaningana. Ukuze uvule wonke ukufinyelela ku-intanethi, ngokuvamile basebenzisa i-router "ehambisa" i-intanethi kusuka ku-akhawunti eyodwa namakheli e-IP kuwo wonke amadivaysi asekhaya (amaphilisi, ama-laptops, ama-PC aqoshiwe, amafoni ahlakaniphile, njalonjalo). Njengomthetho, i-IP yangempela-ikheli kuphela ku-router, kodwa nansi inyoka. Akukhona nje ukutholakala kwamapayipi amakhompyutha angaphakathi. Lokhu kuyadingeka uma udinga ukufinyelela ngesinye isizathu, isibonelo, amadokhumenti kumshini ode. Esikhathini se-classical version, isevisi ye-FTP ilungisiwe kumshini ode, futhi ukuthutha (noma ukudluliselwa kwechweba) kulungiselelwe ku-router . Kodwa nanamuhla kunesilinganiso esikuvumela ukuba uhambisane nezinselele zokusetha inkonzo ngayinye kumuntu oyedwa, udinga kuphela ukwazi ukunika amandla uPnP (kodwa kuphela uma ukusekelwa kwe-UPnP kunikezwa ku-router kanye neseva ingxenye yesicelo).

Kuma-routers amaningi, lesi sici sikhutshaziwe ngokuzenzakalelayo, ngakho-ke umbuzo wokunika amandla i-PnP kubalulekile kumphathi wenethiwekhi ekhaya. Isibonelo, kumadivaysi enethiwekhi we-D-Link (okushoyo onobuhle obuhle, ngoba iPnP isekelwe kuphela kubo), ungaxhuma lo msebenzi ngokukhetha Okuthuthukisiwe. Iphaneli yokuphatha le-router itholakala ekhelini lensiza ( ipconfig / yonke umyalo ku-console) futhi uyifinyelele ngokusebenzisa isiphequluli evamile (esivele ifunwe iphasiwedi kusuka kumzila ozenzakalelayo).

Ngemva kokuxhuma lo msebenzi kudivayisi ye-NAT, kufanele uyisebenze kuyo yonke imishini yamaklayenti edinga amasevisi kusuka ngaphandle. Indlela elula yokuqinisekisa lokhu kusetshenziswa isikhombimsebenzisi esibonakalayo. Sizogxila ikakhulukazi ohlelweni lokusebenza iWindows XP, njengoba lusakazeke. Vula "imvelo yenethiwekhi". Ngakwesokunxele, khetha "Bonisa imifanekiso yezingcingo ze-UPNP". Ngemuva kwalokho, udinga ukuvumela i-firewall efakwe ngaphakathi ukuvula amarekhodi afanelekile. Bese uqinisekisa ukuthi amasevisi ayasebenza. Esimweni esihle, kungenzeka ukuthi uzokwenza UPnP amandla ngale ndlela. Ngemuva kokuthi lokhu kuphelile kuqedile, udinga ukuqala kabusha, futhi uhlu lokuxhumeka kwenethiwekhi luzongezwa eqenjini elithi "Inthanethi Gateway", kanye nesithonjana "Xhuma ku-Inthanethi." Ngaphezu kwalokho, i- "Network Neighborhood" ingabonisa igama le-router (kuxhomeke kuzilungiselelo ze-PC). Uma kungekho zibonakaliso zalezi zinguquko, ke uhlole ukuthi kukhona "i-node yedivayisi ye-Universal PnP" ohlwini lwamasevisi kanye ne "SSDP Service Discovery".

Kumele kuqashelwe ukuthi lezi zinsizakalo zingase zenziwe noma zingasebenzi. Bese uzama lokhu okulandelayo - cindezela inkinobho ye-Win (ephakathi kwe-Ctrl ne-Alt) + R. Uhlobo lwe-cmd ku-interface evula. Khona-ke ku-console esebenzayo, kufanele uzame ukubhalisa umtapo wolwazi we-UPnP nge-regsvr32 upnpui.dll. Ngemuva kwalokhu kusebenza, zama ukuqala amasevisi futhi. Uma kungasebenzi, sebenzisa uhlelo olukhethekile lwe-UPnP Test Test, oluzokutshela ukuthi yiziphi izinsizakalo eziphazamisekile. Ngaphandle kwalokho, ungasebenzisa olunye uhlelo, Uhlelo lwe-UPnP lokuhlola, olwusizo kakhulu kulabo abangeyona eyinkimbinkimbi ezinkingeni zokuhlela kahle uhlelo lomsebenzisi. Imisebenzi yayo eyinhloko ukuqaliswa okuzenzakalelayo kwazo zonke izinsizakalo ezidingekayo zokusebenza kwe-UPnP nokumeleka kwe-port kudivayisi ehlinzeka nge-NAT.

Kodwa uma kungekho amafayela wesistimu, uhlelo lwe-UPnP lokuhlola alukwazi ukusiza. Ukuze ubuyisele, kufanele uvuselele ngokuzenzakalelayo izingxenye ze-Windows - Ukutholakala kwedivayisi yesango kanye nokuphathwa kwamaklayenti kanye nokusetshenziswa komsebenzisi we-UPnP. Ngesikhathi esifanayo, qiniseka ukuthi i-firewall eyakhelwe ngaphakathi ivuliwe, cisha isevisi. Lezi zindlela ezinhle zokufunda ukulungisa iPnP. Ngemuva kokuqedela le nqubo, qiniseka ukuthi uqala kabusha i-PC. Ngakho ufunde ukunika amandla i-UPnP.

Ngemuva kokuqala ngokuphumelelayo kwezinsizakalo kubalulekile ukuvula amarekhodi adingekayo. Kuyinto elula kakhulu ukunika amandla ukusekelwa kwe-UPnP kumahlelo amaklayenti (okuhlinzekwe ku-Skype, StrongDC nokunye, imiyalelo yokunika amandla i-UPnP equkethwe kumafayela okusiza alawa mahlelo), kodwa ungakwazi ukumisa umsebenzi ngezinsiza ezidingekayo ngesandla, uma uhlelo lunganikezeli . Ukwenza lokhu, ezindaweni zokuxhumeka kwe-Intanethi (okuboniswa ngemuva kokuthi i-UPnP ivulwe), udinga ukwengeza imithetho (amathrekhi angaphandle naphakathi, uhlobo lokuxhumeka kwe-TCP, UDP, noma kokubili nemithetho emibili ehlukene) usebenzisa inkinobho yokufaka.