Vienna Philharmonic: umlando, babashayeli, ukwakheka

Vienna Philharmonic Orchestra kubhekwa omunye the best hhayi kuphela e-Austria, kodwa futhi emhlabeni wonke. Ihholo elikhulu, lapho umculo bukhoma, kungokwalabo Society of abathandi umculo.

Umlando ngeqembu labadlali bezinsimbi zomculo

Vienna Philharmonic Orchestra, okuyinto isithombe okwethulwa kulesi iphepha, yasungulwa ngo-1842. kumdlali - umqhubi Otto Nicolai. Kuze 1842, i-orchestra yakhiwa abaculi professional, kwaphela ogade akhona.UZimu ngesikhathi izindlu opera, kodwa ensembles amateur kuphela iqhaza ekhonsathini. Isidingo abaculi professional abaye iqhaza ezinhlelweni zomphakathi ngokushesha sekwephuzile ekuqaleni kwekhulu le-19. Ngakho-ke, lo Inkampani ukusiza abathandi umculo Vienna Philharmonic Orchestra yadalwa.

Uhambo lokuqala angaphandle kwe-orchestra senzeka ngo-1900 e-Paris. Kusukela ngaleso sikhathi, uhambo endleleni babé njalo.

Vienna-orchestra kwaba umculi wokuqala imisebenzi eminingi bomculo ezinkulu ezifana Anton Bruckner kanye noJohannes uBrahms.

inqubomgomo umqhubi sika

Vienna Philharmonic Orchestra ayinakho umqondisi unomphela kwezobuciko futhi Asingeni izivumelwano babashayeli esikhathini eside. Inkathi ngayinye ithatha ivoti indawo. ekhethiwe Ngakho omunye "eposini" Umqhubi yesikhashana. Kodwa zikhona izikhathi lapho eziningi zonyaka kule ukuvota okuthunyelwe uyoqoka eyodwa kanye nomuntu ofanayo.

Kuyo yonke le minyaka, Vienna Philharmonic Orchestra uye wabambisana babashayeli abaziwa umhlaba wonke, efana:

• Hans Richter.
• Leonard Bernstein.
• Otto Dessof.
• Valery Gergiev.
• Felix Weingartner.
• Carlo uMariya Dzhulini.
• Gustav Mahler.
• Wilhelm Furtwängler.
• Karl Bohm.
• Georg Solti.
• Herbert von Karajan nabanye.

Abaculi evelele kunazo zonke ye-orchestra umbhidisi Vienna Philharmonic Umphakathi presents zokuhlonipha Golden Ring futhi Nicolai wasebusika e ukwazisa ukubambisana ethelayo.

abaculi

Ukwakheka Vienna Philharmonic Orchestra ngokuvamile washintsha. Abaculi ukusebenza khona nsuku yesikhashana - ngakho ziqeqeshelwa. Orchestra futhi eziningi sezizwe ezihlukahlukene. Njengoba kukhona abaculi engaphezu kwamakhulu amabili abavela emazweni ehlukene.

Ngenkathi 2015-2016 emculweni yilezi:

• Josef Hogo.
• Olesya Kurylyak.
• Tilman Kuhn.
• Rainer Kukhlei.
• Pavel Kuzmichev.
• Maykl Shtrasser.
• Martin Kubik.
• Heinrich Koll.
• Wolfgang Braynshmidt.
• Kirill Kobanchenko.
• UDietmar Zeman.
• UTibor Kovacs.
• Patricia Coll.
• Thomas Hayek.
• Alexander Steinberger.
• Innocent Grabko.
• Eugene Andrusenko.
• Wolfgang Koblitz.
• Martin Lemberg.
• Daniela Ivanova.
• Ezhi Dybal.
• Bruno Hartl.
• Bartosz Sikorski.
• Wolfgang Strasser.
• Gelmut Vays.
• Martin Gabriel.
• Erwin Falk.
• Roland Horvath nabanye abaningi.

umqhubi

Umbhidisi Vienna Philharmonic Orchestra (hhayi kuphela), okuyinto ngezikhathi wabambisana abaculi Austria ngo engu-12 edlule - kuyinto Maris Janson. Wazalwa ngo Riga ngo-1943. Ngo-1986 yena yanikezelwa isihloko Umculi Yabantu we RSFSR.

igama likanina lalingu-umdlalo we-opera umculi umbhidisi imvelaphi abangamaJuda. Marisa, wabeletha endaweni yokukhosela, lapho ecashele amaJalimane ngesikhathi kubusa. Zonke izihlobo zakhe abulawa phakathi nokuQothulwa Kwesizwe. Umculo umqhubi uyise esizayo wafundisa. Maris ingane ukudlala i-violin. Ngo-1962 G. M. Yanson esikoleni umculo Leningrad Conservatory, ngaleso sikhathi lolungenamaphutsa iziqu wokuba umbhidisi nopiyano. Waqeqesha e Salzburg futhi Vienna nge abaculi ezifana nama- Svarovski noHerbert von Karajan. Ngo-1973 waya ukusebenza Leningradkusyu Philharmonic. Wamiswa umqhubi umsizi.

Ngo-1979 yena waba umculo umqondisi we Philharmonic Orchestra e-Oslo.

Ngaphezu Vienna ababedlala izinsimbi, uhlele namanye amaqembu. Ukusebenza emazweni ahlukahlukene. Wezinsimbi nabo sotrudnitsal M. Janson: Pittsburgh Symphony, Concertgebouw (kuyinto umqhubi eyinhloko kusukela 2004 kuze kube namuhla), i-Chicago, Bavarian Radio, Berlin Philharmonic, National Latvian futhi Cleveland.

Mariss Jansons nayo kokuqhuba nasekufundiseni. Kusukela ngo-1995 ukuthi unesikhathi uthisha beqhuba ngesikhathi Petersburg Conservatory nenhloko-orchestra umfundi.

Maris ungumnikazi inqwaba imiklomelo, amadiploma imikhosi kanye imincintiswano, kufaka phakathi piggy yakhe yasebhange futhi ube umklomelo abadumile zokuhlonipha "Grammy".