Western Dvina (Tver esifundeni): sezulu kanye namaholide. Umthombo emfuleni nokudoba eWestern Dvina

River Western Dvina - a mfula enyakatho yeYurophu. Kugeleza insimu ka eLatvia, Belarus neRussia. Igama lasendulo lomfula - futhi Hesin Eridanus. It iqala Tver esifundeni. Lapha yena kancane yokuthola amandla, ukuze iyadluthula emazweni amathathu nigcwalise amanzi awo Baltic Sea. Esikhathini Tver esifundeni phezu lomfula wathi ku aminyene kuyinto edolobheni elincane igama elifanayo, okuyinto, phakathi kwezinye izinto, isikhungo Zapadnodvinsky District.

Umuzi eWestern Dvina (Tver esifundeni) lasendulo

Umlando yalesi sifunda has zeminyaka emihlanu. Ngokusho idatha abavubukuli, settlement yokuqala lapha esukela emuva le enkathini Neolithic. On the omuzi wathola komnikazi endala Slavic, okuvumela ukuba wenze ngoba kucatshangwa ukuthi endulo imithombo yamanzi le ndawo ezisetshenziswa okhokho bethu njengoba Umthambo ezokuthutha kanye wenza lezi zindawo eyingqayizivele ezikhangayo ezimpilweni zabantu. Life wayengalokothi ethule kulezi zingxenye, ku imiphakathi yendawo ohlale ukuhlasela livela Baltic Sea naseLithuania. Ngenxa yalokho, nje kuyisiqalo ngekhulu nanhlanu, abantu bendawo wakwazi ukunqoba izwe nilidle eside engu-150. Nokho, phakathi neMpi Livonian (iminyaka 1558-1573) futhi kwakuwumqansa kulesi sifunda. Ngo esigabeni sokuqala, Ivan Grozny waphoqeleka ukuba bangayeki Lithuanian isikhulu Bathory yabo. Nokho, ekupheleni wezempi ukungqubuzana onqenqemeni zapadnodvinsky futhi wawuhlanganisiwe isimo eMoscow. Ekhulwini lesikhombisa lapha yahlasela abahlaseli Polish-Swedish. Futhi kuphela phakathi yekhulu nesishiyagalolunye esifundeni, ukuthambekela ukuthuthuka komnotho kanye nomphakathi.

Idolobha lesimanje lase-eWestern Dvina (Tver esifundeni)

Phakathi nezimpi eziningi komnikazi wasendulo nya. Futhi kuphela eko kwekhulu elidlule, kubonakala emzaneni, futhi isiphetho ke lwedolobha Western Dvina. Idolobhana yasungulwa kweminyaka eyishumi, sibonga eyakhelwe lapha kwekulu ugodo isitshalo. Namuhla, eWestern Dvina - iyona sokuqondisa Zapadnodvinsky isiFunda Tver esifundeni. Ngokusho ukubalwa kwabantu ka-2010, abantu bakhona abantu ayizinkulungwane 10.2. Ngephutha got lapha izivakashi ngeke uhlale kule uNkulunkulu umshiyile futhi indoda "spa edolobheni", futhi ine ngenxa yezizathu eziningana umgomo. Okuwukuphela indawo ezithakazelisayo nansi amaHlathi Works, kodwa kusekhona akekho inokuthile, ngaphandle kokuthi bafike bahlala khona ukusebenza, kodwa can kuphela extremals. Nokho, kukhona kulo muzi nezinto zalo ezikhangayo: Museum of History futhi yomlando wendawo, esemgwaqweni inombolo esikoleni sendawo 1 ku Kirov Street inombolo yendlu 16, esebenza Orthodox ibandla lika Krestu Nikolaya Chudotvortsa (mgwaqo Shcherbakova, inombolo yendlu 8), wakha ngempela muva - e 2008. Esikhumbuzo yomlando, isiko nemivubukulo walondoloza kuphela amathempeli agugile ensembles bemivubukulo: iSonto Sergiya Radonezhskogo, uZiqu-zintathu ongcwele, isimo Bethu noMsindisi. Mhlawumbe yila manxiwa futhi kwezinye isithakazelo mlando noma abavubukuli, kodwa abahambi 'eziphambili "Mancane amathuba okuthi kusimangaze. Ingqalasizinda izivakashi athuthukile ngokuphelele, kunezinhlobo ezimbili kuphela amathilomu anamagama ezimibalabala "Vova" futhi "Una" futhi yokudlela "Dvina". Uzokwenza kufanele kuphawulwe ukuthi kule ndawo kukhona Lodge ski "Mukhino", kodwa ehlobo uzoba khona yisicefe futhi ungakujabulisi. Njengoba ubona, the lebanga ngempela ubala, futhi kuyaqondakala, ngoba Western Dvina - umzana ezimbonini. Kodwa endaweni abe nesithakazelo esikhethekile izivakashi. Nazi izinkambo ihlelwe ezivumela ngijwayele ezikhumbuzo amahle kakhulu nemvelo: emachibini Savinskoe Vysochert, le Locus we onsundu amanzi Chilim, efakwe ohlwini encwadini Red, mlando epaki "Nikopol", okuyinto ukulondolozwa izihlahla ezingavamile, Velesskoy marsh uhlelo. Kodwa ezimweni eziningi la mazwe ezikhanga abathandi yamanzi ukuzilibazisa nokudoba. Yini akumangalisi, ngoba indawo kuphawuleka. Akukona nje kuphela ukuthi imvelo muhle, ngakho namanje futhi umfula Western Dvina ocebile zezinyoni ezingavamile izinhlanzi.

Incazelo umzimba ngamanzi

Western Dvina isikhathi eside ukuba umuntu emigwaqweni emikhulu. On yalala umzila wasendulo "kusukela amaViking namaGreki", elichazwa ngu umlobi wezenzakalo Nestor kule minyaka 1114-1116 encwadini edumile "Tale of esidlule Iminyaka". Umthombo we-Western Dvina - Lake Koryakina (Valdai Hills). Umfula ithwala amanzi awo zeziyaluyalu adabule emathafeni kweqa futhi ayimigodi kwesokunxele ukunyakaza i yeqhwa lasendulo. Ubude isamba umzimba amanzi kuyinto 1020 amakhilomitha. Minyaka yonke, athwala kuze kufinyelele amabili cubic amakhilomitha yamanzi oLwandle iBaltic. Lake umcengezi izinhlelo aqukethe amakhilomitha afika kwamane cubic nomthombo wamanzi aqabulayo. Le ndawo ngesandla esivulekile kakhulu endowed nesikhalazo okungavamile. Lapha ukubusa amahlathi okuxubile, ezihlanganisa ingxenye yesine insimu ka umcengezi. Esikhathini sifinyelela ongenhla emfuleni, emahlathini, ubuswa sonwele futhi phakathi ifinyelela - birch, e-aspen futhi Alder. Polotsk ethafeni ikakhulu ezikhulayo emahlathini kaphayini.

emfuleni geography

On ibalazwe Western Dvina wahosha ukunakwa icebile futhi oluhlaza in pool yakho. It libhekene ayimigodi eziningi ababengenakuzifinyelela amachibi Glacial. izindawo Esincane esigodini, lapho umfula sidlula lamagquma moraine abonisa indawo yabo-Abrahama. Omunye ebanzi namanye amachibi wangaphambili - a yesimanje Polotsk Eliphansi. Surface wakhe cishe flat noma ngobumnene mihlobiso, ngezinye izikhathi kakhulu amanzi, yakhiwa ubumba nesihlabathi ibhande. Isigodi emfuleni kwamiswa iminyaka eyizigidi ezingu-12-13 edlule, it has izici ze-non-ukutjhatjhululwa. Ensimini ka Belarus, ububanzi isiteshi salo 100-300 amamitha, kukhona Shoals njalo futhi Rapids. Kwezinye izindawo esigodini unciphise futhi iba canyon nge amamitha angu amahlanu ukujula. Kodwa, kokushiya ethafeni aseBaltic, Western Dvina liphenduka emfuleni ezijulile, isiteshi yayo kuze 800 metres ububanzi, futhi ufika esigodini amakhilomitha ayisithupha.

indawo yokubhukuda

Swimming pool Western Dvina yakha emifuleni ezinkulu nezincane ezingaphezu kuka-ishumi elinambini lamawaka. I owumthelela ngobukhulu iyona Meza, nobude bawo 259 km kanye endaweni okulawulwa kwemithombo yamanzi - 9080 amakhilomitha square. nemingenela Iningi zenzeka noma angasuselwa amachibi eziningi, kanjalo zakha isimiso esiyinkimbinkimbi ngokuphawulekayo esigcwele kakhulu lokuhlola amanzi. izindawo Blue placer Lakes kuhlanganiswe ngemacembu: Ushachsky, Zarasai, Braslavsky. I ezinkulu Osveiskoye, Lukomskaya, Lubāns, Lake Zhizhitskoye, Drisvyaty ezahlukene, Drivyaty. Le ndawo Imininingwane amachibi idlula amakhilomitha square eziyizinkulungwane ezimbili ifinyelela amaphesenti amathathu wezindleko abakule ndawo okuthathwe kuyo emfuleni.

okuqukethwe ezithile zonyaka

Western Dvina kuyinto emfuleni ethafeni, kwakheka flow yayo main by ukuncibilika kweqhwa, okuyinto zanqwabelana ebusika. Lokhu kuchaza uhlobo ukugeleza ukusatshalaliswa mfula ngesikhathi unyaka wonke. Isici wamanzi okusezingeni eliphezulu, izikhukhula ezinkulu, okuyinto kuhambisana ochithekile abalulekile, kanye esikhukhulayo emathafeni uzamcolo, ngaphezu kwalokho, ukwenza kanjalo kwenza entwasahlobo nemvula. Western Dvina ekuqaleni ehlobo iqala ukuzola, amanzi abuyela embhedeni emfuleni, phakathi nonyaka ka-Juni waloba yokwehla kakhulu emanzini. Phakathi nawo wonke unyaka incike emifula inzika kanye komhlaba. Ngo ihlobo noma ekwindla, lapho kufika nemvula, Western Dvina owayekwazi ukusondela ngisho ezweni lakubo. Ebusika, ivolumu incipha kakhulu, ngalesi sikhathi, leliphansi kakhulu emfuleni, ngoba isisekelo amandla akhe amanzi enhlabathini.

emfuleni esiyingozi

Kodwa ungacabangi ukuthi ukuphila emfuleni ebusika amanzi ongaphakeme a serene ezinjalo. Ekupheleni kwekwindla, lapho umfula embozwe iqhwa, udaka kuso liyaphi. Ngenxa yalokho, amanzi kudala ezihlukahlukene izingozi - zazhery. Emlanjeni kumasayithi zalo ahlukene kungenziwa avimbekile ngokuphelele udaka, ngenxa amazinga emfuleni avuke kakhulu, ukudala izikhukhula nezikhukhula olunzulu komfula. Isenzakalo esifanayo kungenzeka entwasahlobo, lapho isiteshi ivimbekile nge ice.

Abantu bayafika bahambe, kodwa umfula ugeleza khona ...

Ngezikhathi abantu kudala uzamile yokulawula emfuleni ezingezwakali futhi sijwayele ngezinhloso zabo zomnotho. Namuhla, i-Western Dvina wadala wendlale ehlanganisa amadamu amathathu amakhulu. izinsiza zayo ocebile amanzi asetshenziswa Hydro namandla ezishisayo wemboni, amanzi, izinjongo ezokuthutha, ukuzijabulisa noma beyodoba. izindawo Local ocebile izikhumbuzo bokwakha lasendulo, okuyizinto ofakazi izenzakalo eziningi zomlando. Ngokwesibonelo, i-emadolobheni umdala Belarusian - Polotsk - ihlobisa lasendulo St Sophia Cathedral. Kuyinto lesikhumbuzo bokwakha kwekhulu leshumi nanye. Edolobheni elifanayo wayehlala futhi esebenza uSimeyoni ka Polotsk noGeorge Skorina, futhi kwenye yezindlu wahlala uPetru ngesikhathi sempi Swedish. Omunye umuzi wasendulo - Vitebsk (ebaluleke kakhulu sezohwebo emzileni "kusukela amaViking namaGreki") - inomlando eyinkulungwane.

Ukudoba Western Dvina

Lokhu ekhoneni eyingqayizivele Tver esifundeni izivakashi nokudoba abathanda eziningi. Imvelo indawo friendly (lokhu kuqinisekisa Medal of All-Russian umncintiswano "endaweni Isizalo ehlanzekile") ligcwele emachibini nge omkhulu izinsiza inhlanzi, okuyinto ngeke abashiye noma iyiphi ithuba yokudla embi. Abahlukile futhi umfula Western Dvina, ezembethe amahlathi ezakha ingxenye enkulu yomsebenzi imithombo yemvelo yesifunda. Lokhu into aqueous edonsela abalandeli Angling chub. Ngemva ke emfuleni eziningi, ngisho nakuyo yonke ngabanye kuze kube amakhilogremu amathathu. Inani elikhulu sici kunomthelela emfuleni: lapha igcwele Rapids, Shoals, iziqhingi kuvuleke omkhulu. Zonke lezi zindawo anjengomhlambi uzibuthe ukuheha izinhlanzi, ikakhulukazi imiqulu. Entwasahlobo futhi ekuseni ehlobo chub wabanjwa phambi kwabo, at the ophumayo we imigodi, futhi kuze kwekwindla - ngabo, lapho ibhange ingena ukujula.

Awuthandi ukuthi uhlobo nokudoba? Rich Western Dvina kanye nezinye izinhlobo zezinhlanzi, ezifana Pike futhi iphezulu. Abalandeli ukuphotha ngenela uzothola kuyinto kwangijabulisa kakhulu. sokudoba siqala ekupheleni kuka-May. Ngalesi sikhathi, izinga lamanzi emfuleni ewela kakhulu, futhi eduze esogwini bangase bazibone lokuhlushwa eliphezulu Pike naphakathi kanye khilogremu nengxenye. Yasimbamba zonke izinhlobo lolo, kodwa uthanda lo spinners. Perch kuyinto bite ephelele ku encane "Pinwheel» (№ 0-2). Caught lapha ikakhulu amakhophi 400 amagremu. Kusukela engxenyeni ehlobo kuya maphakathi no-Okthoba yesibili, babamba Pike enesisindo 2-3 khilogremu, ngezinye izikhathi ezingaphezu.