A uphawu ezinhle emhlabeni izikhali yomlando, okuyinto ushiye isibhamu Berdan

Njalo umzingeli professional noma ukuqeqeshwa amateur lomlilo wezwa "isibhamu Berdan." Nokho, ezweni lanamuhla, bambalwa kakhulu abantu bazi, lapho benza lezi izibhamu ngabantu abamelelwa yizo. Abanye basikisela ukuthi Berdan sokuzingela yakhelwe uhlobo oluthile wokuzingela, kuyilapho abanye becabanga ukuthi isampula ukulwa izikhali.

Kusukela 1866, iRussia ebonakala ukuthuthukisa uhlobo olusha isibhamu, ukukhokhiswa ne breech. imodeli oluyisisekelo isimo ayesevele yisikhathi uma iqhathaniswa namanye amazwe izingalo. Ngemva omningi esikhathini Berdan sokuzingela uhlelo sikhethwe njengoba imodeli engcono. Ngaleso sikhathi i-main osezingeni izinhlamvu kwaba amamilimitha angu 4.2 kuphela.

Ingakapheli iminyaka emibili, izibhamu licwebile, yayisetshenziswa ezimweni ezihlukahlukene ukulwa, kokuhlola izindlela ku nobungqabavu kanye izinga. Lapho beqeda isifundo eningiliziwe Berdan sokuzingela wamukelwa ibutho Russian. Imodeli ngowomnikazi esincane isikhali emehlweni, futhi wabizwa ngokuthi "inombolo eyodwa".

Berdan isibhamu kwaba ifakwe yesivalo okuyinto yahlala usebenzisa isigwedlo eyindilinga. Trigger kwenziwe esimweni deflated uvala umsebenzi obalulekile walesi sakhi, futhi cocked ivuliwe yayo. Design pretty masinyane ikuvumela lokukhokhisa isibhamu, futhi ngesikhathi indlela enjalo uhlukile. Sekuyisikhathi eside ibe udumo elikhulu.

Kwathiwa enikeziwe amadivayisi sextant, ngawo kokuqala isivinini shot kwaba 431 m / s. Izinga esiphezulu isikhali sikhishelwe 9 amachashazi ngomzuzu. A yi efanayo kwakuphakeme zonke eyayikhona ngaleso sikhathi, izinhlobo izibhamu eRussia.

sokuzingela Berdan isampula lokuqala sayalwa ukuba sibe nezinhloli inkampani ukukhiqizwa uchungechunge "Colt". Lesi sitshalo bukhicite amakhophi 30,000 imifanekiso idatha. Esikhathini ukukhiqizwa umsunguli izikhali ahlinzekwa ukwenza izinguquko ezimbalwa isibhamu sakhe. Amaseviyethi Ukuvala indawo kudivayisi beya, kanjalo ngcono izici eziyisisekelo.

Okuthuthukisiwe imodeli kusukela 1870 wangenela inkonzo, futhi waziwa ngokuthi kuqhuma "Berdan-2". Imidwebo ne esangweni ethuthukisiwe wakhonza njengephayona ukucushwa eziyisisekelo ukukhiqizwa serial ngesibhamu. Isampula isetshenziswa iqembu esincane ephezulu Isivinini izikhali, kwaba owokuqala prototype eyinhloko ikusasa edume sokuzingela Dragunov.

Entsha uhlelo Berdan izibhamu ezisetshenziswa e ibutho njengesibonelo ukulwa kuze 1891. Ngemva decommissioning, yayisetshenziswa for abazingeli kuphela. Ngokuhamba kwesikhathi, aguqulwa izibhamu, lapho kungenzeka ukusebenzisa cartridges ka calibers ahlukahlukene. Abathandwa abantu isikhali ibizwa ngokuthi "isibhamu Berdan."

Rifle washiya uphawu ezinhle emlandweni ukuthuthukiswa izikhali, kodwa kuze kube manje lesi sakhiwo ubhekwa yisikhathi, ngoba akusho ukuhlangabezana nezidingo ezidingekayo futhi Ukucaciswa. izimo Okuningi yamuva lizidlula kude ukusebenza kwabo. Kodwa kufanele kuphawulwe ukuthi abalandeli izibhamu ubudala namanje baqonde futhi zithole "isibhamu Berdan."