Abasebenzi bezokwelapha izandla kwenhlanzeko: imithetho imali

Isidingo isandla inhlanzeko abasebenzi bezokwelapha bokuqala ephakanyiswe kuphela maphakathi nekhulu XIX. Ngaleso sikhathi, ngenxa indawo engahlanzekile eYurophu ezibhedlela zazifa cishe 30% abesifazane abakhulelwe. Isizathu esikhulu ukufa baba okubizwa ngokuthi imfiva puerperal. Kaningi kuyenzeka ukuthi odokotela babekhuphukela ukunikeza abesifazane ababelethayo emva asike izidumbu zabantu ngezidumbu. Kulesi uhlangothi, basuke akukho iphathwa, kodwa umane esesula nabo ngeduku.

ukwelashwa

Ekulondolozeni nokuhlanzeka yezandla luyimfuneko bonke nabezokwelapha. abahlengikazi isandla yokuhlanzeka egeza kungaba kwenziwe ngezindlela ezimbili:

• nokususa ukungcola kanye nokunciphisa inani nezilwanyana ezincane esikhumbeni izandla ngensipho namanzi;
• utshwala ukusetshenziswa antiseptics isikhumba ekhethekile inciphise amagciwane esikhumbeni esiphansi.

Kuphela indlela yesibili kungenziwa ngokuthi ukwelashwa ngezinyathelo zenhlanzeko okwakufanele izandla. Okokuqala - lokhu ukugeza yokuhlanzeka. Kumele ugeze izandla zakho ngensipho uketshezi lapho dispenser kanye nokusula siqu ithawula zalutho. Kodwa decontamination Kwenziwa ngosizo antiseptics isikhumba.

Ngokusho imithetho, izisebenzi zasesibhedlela kumele njalo izotholakala isandla zokuhlanza. Ngaphezu kwalokho, kufanele ahlinzeke okhilimu, balms, lotions eyenzelwe ukunakekelwa kwesikhumba. Phela, njengoba ukwelashwa inhlanzeko njalo kwandisa ingozi contact dermatitis. Futhi, ukukhethwa insipho kanye antiseptics kufanele bacabangele ukungabekezelelani ngabanye.

imigomo ebalulekile

Bonke abasebenzi esibhedlela idinga ukwazi uma sicubungula abasebenzi bezokwelapha kufanele sigcwaliswe ngesandla inhlanzeko. Lokhu kuyadingeka kwalezi zimo:

• ngaphambi nangemva contact nge esigulini ngasinye;
• ngaphambi nangemva donning amagilavu ezisetshenziswa ngesikhathi zokukhwabanisa yezokwelapha, nabo indle noma uketshezi, amabhandishi, evele lwamafinyila;
• phezu contact abanesikhumba beqinile, isibonelo emva isilinganiso wegazi, ishayela, ukuguquguquka isiguli;
• ngemva kokusebenza imishini, esemgwaqweni iseduze esigulini;
• emva nokwelashwa kweziguli izinqubo ezihlukahlukene ukuvuvukala.

Uma sekube sobala isandla ukungcoliswa isikhumba ngegazi noma uketshezi of isiguli, owokuqala kufanele wageza kahle ngensipho namanzi futhi yomile. Ngemva kwalokho, kubalulekile ukubaphatha kabili usebenzisa isinqandakuvunda.

handwashing amasu

Ungakhohlwa ngokubaluleka elihlanza hhayi kuphela ezibhedlela kodwa nakwezinye izindawo. isandla ukucutshungulwa imishini uhlala ngokufanayo kuyo yonke indawo. Ngaphambi kokuthi uqale inqubo, kufanele ususe konke izindandatho, ngemilindo kanye namasongo. Noma yimuphi lezinto angaphandle kuthiye ukususwa nezilwanyana ezincane pathogenic. Izandla efiselekayo ugeza ngamanzi afudumele.

Ukuze uthuthukise ukusebenza inqubo kumele kuqala moisten izandla zakho ngawakhamela insipho. Hand-ukucutshungulwa algorithm simiswe ngalendlela lelandzelako:

1. Soap Foam usebenzisa olunzulu ngomshikisho izintende ndawonye.
2. Ukuhlikihla eyodwa entendeni kwenye iminyakazo emuva-naphambili.
3. Hlikihla ebusweni emuva esandleni sokunene kwesokunxele entendeni, noHezekeli.
4. Xhuma iminwe esandleni sokunene nesobunxele izikhala interdigital, ukuphatha kahle kubo.
5. Udinga zidlule kanye ebusweni engaphakathi iminwe.
6. Cross splayed iminwe kanye deda izintende ndawonye.
7. Bopha izingalo Ilokhi uhambe ngemuva tingalo esandleni sakhe.
8. ukukuthinta ngokucophelela ngokunyakaza isiyingi isithupha, ngoba ukuthi isisekelo sayo kuyadingeka ukuze zimboze isithupha ne forefinger ka Ngakolunye uhlangothi.
9. Isikimu efanayo icutshungulwe futhi esihlakaleni.
10. Ngokunyakaza isiyingi ukukuthinta entendeni ezandleni zakho.

ukunyakaza ngamunye kufanele liphindwe izikhathi okungenani 5, futhi isikhathi ingqikithi ukugeza kufanele kube okungenani iminithi.

Imithetho for abasebenzi bezokwelapha

Ngamunye izibhedlela isisebenzi kanye nemitholampilo kufanele akwazi ukuthi kwenziwe ngokuphatha izandla kodokotela sika. SanPiN (Isikimu egeza efanele, bheka isithombe esingenhla) usungula inqubo hhayi kuphela ukuhlanza isikhumba kodwa futhi magciwane. Futhi, bezempilo kufanele bazazi nalezi zidingo ezilandelayo:

• izinzipho iDemo ngaphandle ukuvenisha;
• kungekho izindandatho, izindandatho nezinye imihlobiso efanayo.

Nail Polish kungaba imbangela engadingeki ukusabela dermatological engaholela ukutheleleka yesibili. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ukuvenisha amnyama ayivumeli ukulinganisa degree of msulwa isikhala subungual. Lokhu kungadala ukucutshungulwa eliphansi. I esiyingozi kakhulu odabukileyo ukuvenisha. Phela, kuba nzima kuleli cala ukususa izilokazane ezincane ebusweni izandla.

Ngokusobala ukwenza manicure ukuthola microtraumas conjugate, okuyinto zitheleleka kalula. Lona omunye izizathu zokuthi kungani abasebenzi bezempilo musa ukugqoka izinzipho inkohliso.

Noma yimuphi ubucwebe noma imigexo bangaba isizathu ukuthi iyoba ukwelashwa ngaphansi ngempumelelo abasebenzi bezokwelapha isandla inhlanzeko. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ngenxa yokuthi kungalimala igilavu, futhi inqubo nzima donning yabo.

Umehluko wemisindo nemiqondo yamagama odokotela

Ukwelashwa yezandla abantu abahilelekile kule kokungenela yokuhlinzwa eyenziwa yi isikimu ingasebenza modified. Ngokwesibonelo, isikhathi ukuwasha ngabo is yinde futhi imizuzu 2. Ukuhlelwa algorithm isandla kanje. Ngemva yokuhlanza mechanical kuyadingeka ukuze ome isikhumba usebenzisa izicubu oyinyumba noma alahlwayo iphepha amathawula.

Ngaphezu kokugeza, impatho ezibalulekile futhi isinqandakuvunda. Ukunakwa kufanele ikhokhwe hhayi izandla kuphela, kodwa futhi izihlakala ngemilenze. Ukuze uthole ecacisiwe ukucutshungulwa kwesikhathi, isikhumba kumele ahlale olumanzi. Sula izandla bakho bengayi, kumelwe ulindele omiswe ephelele isinqandakuvunda. Kwaze kwaba yilapho sebeshiye ukuthi odokotela abahlinzayo kungaba gqoka amagilavu.

Ukukhethwa imikhiqizo kwenhlanzeko

Namuhla abantu abaningi baya insipho elwa namagciwane. Kodwa kubalulekile ukuhlonipha inqubo yokwelapha isikhumba. Uma yonke into yenziwe kahle, nokugeza izandla ngensipho ethafeni nje kahle. Ngo umkhuba kuhlinzwa ukusebenzisa amathuluzi akhethekile ukuze bayothola ukwelashwa isinqandakuvunda yezandla. Insipho iqukethe chlorhexidine gluconate futhi povidone iodine. Lezi izinto bayakwazi ukunciphisa inani lama-bacterium awusizo by 70-80% ngesikhathi ukusetshenziswa lokuqala futhi 99% nge okuphindaphindiwe. Ngakho ngokusebenzisa microflora povidone-iodine ezikhulayo ngokushesha kunokuba uma nabo chlorhexidine.

Ngakho nekuhambisana izidingo zomthetho icutshungulwe abasebenzi bezokwelapha isandla inhlanzeko, kungcono ukuhlomisa zezempilo dispensers indololwane. Lezi ziphethwe elingenziwe ngezandla. '

Futhi umkhuba kuhlinzwa shayela ingasetshenziswa ukuze bahlanze izandla, kodwa akubhekwa saziso. Kufanele zibe oyinyumba alahlwayo noma uyakwazi withstanding autoclaving.

zinkathi

Ngo kuhlinzwa umkhuba imithetho ekhethekile isikhumba ahlanzekile. Ngemva evamile egeza ngokucophelela nge protocol esungulwe okufanele iqhutshwe magciwane yabo.

ukwelashwa ayimpoqo kufanele kube yezokwelapha abasebenzi izandla. SanPin (ukuwasha wesifunda ayiguquki) uhlinzekela ukuthi yokuhlanza kwesikhumba ngaphambi manipulations kuhlinzwa kungaba kwenziwe usebenzisa izindlela ezifanayo njengoba yokuhlanzeka.

Kubalulekile ukukhumbula ukuthi ngesikhathi sonke isikhathi esandleni magciwane, kumelwe bahlale ezimanzi. Ukuze inqubo, ngokuvamile kudingeka ukuba usebenzise ngaphezu 6 ml isinqandakuvunda. Ngenxa yalokho izifundo, kwatholakala ukuthi i-bacterium ukubulala ngokwanele ezinhle ukwelashwa zemizuzu emihlanu kwesikhumba. Kwathiwa waqinisekisa ukuthi ukuqaliswa kwe-inqubo imizuzu emithathu kunciphisa inani nezilwanyana ezincane ezingeni elemukelekile.

Imithetho isandla ukwelashwa isinqandakuvunda

Ngemva kokugeza loluphelele isikhumba yezandla, izihlakala futhi ngemilenze kudingeka ome nabo. Ngemva kwalokho wabekela isandla yokuhlanza abasebenzi ezisebenza amayunithi ezidinga ukusetshenziswa izibulali-magciwane ekhethekile.

Ngaphambi kwalokhu, kubalulekile ukuba aphathe embhedeni nail roller okolonogtevogo uma kunesidingo. Ngenxa yalezi zinjongo, oyinyumba izinti alahlwayo sokhuni, okuyilona elidingekayo ukuze ngaphezu kwalokho moisten isinqandakuvunda.

I-ejenti magciwane kusetshenziswa khona 2.5 ml isandla kanye ibhodi lemisindo ngayinye. Ngakolunye uhlangothi ukwelashwa ezimbili ziphele-10 ml ketshezi magciwane. Antiseptic kudingekile wagcoba esikhunjeni kanye imizila efanayo, lapho izandla, nge kulandzelana lokufanele ukunyakaza.

Kwaze kwaba yilapho sebeshiye ephelele ukumuncwa / ukuhwamuka izindlela ezingase gqoka amagilavu. Uma ukuhlinzwa ihlala ezingaphezu kwezingu-3 amahora, ukucutshungulwa siphindiwe. Ngempela, ngaphansi amagilavu angase aphinde aqale ukuphindaphindeka Amagciwane.

Isigaba sokugcina

Kodwa akugcini lapho wonke amazinga esandleni yokuhlanza. Kubalulekile lapho esebenza amagilavu ukuze uwasuse futhi ugeze izandla zakho ngensipho namanzi. Kulokhu, asikho isidingo ukusebenzisa isixazululo magciwane. Ngokwanele ukugeza ngensipho liquid, kuyinto efiselekayo ukuthi pH layo akathathi hlangothi.

Ngemva ukuhlanza isikhumba kumele oswakanyiswe. Ngenxa yale njongo, okhilimu ahlukahlukene, lotions. injongo yabo eyinhloko - ukuvimbela umphumela omiswe izibulali-magciwane utshwala ezisekelwe.

Kufanele futhi usho ukuthi kungenzeka sanitary ukwelashwa izingalo kungekho ezingcolisa ebonakalayo eyenziwa ngaphandle wokuwasha. Ezimweni eziningi, sebenzisa izixazululo isinqandakuvunda for 30-60 imizuzwana.

yezinkinga kungenzeka

Kuyaphawuleka ukuthi ukusetshenziswa njalo izibulali-magciwane akuyona indlela engcono kakhulu kuthinta impilo isikhumba abasebenzi. Kunezinhlobo ezimbili eziyisisekelo ukusabela ezibhekene nezisebenzi zasesibhedlela. Ngokuvamile, bekhalaza ka ukulunywa, ukoma, ukucasuka ngokuhlaziya ukopha. Lezi zimpawu zingase zithathe kube kokubili umphumela ezincane futhi abalulekile abhekisele esimweni esasivamile lezisebenzi.

Kukhona olunye uhlobo yezinkinga - dermatitis nomzimba. Zitholakala uma ukungabekezeleli iyiphi ingxenye izimali ezihlose isandla magciwane. dermatitis Allergic bangase balwisane njengoba omnene ezenziwe zendawo, futhi ifomu ezinzima generalized. Emacaleni angu-olunzima, zingase kuhlangene zokuphefumula ukucindezeleka syndrome, noma ezinye izenzo anaphylaxis.

Ukwanda yezinkinga zokuvimbela zabo

Ukuqonda okushiwo inkinga kungenzeka, uma wazi ukuthi izindlela ezinjalo lokucubungula isandla phambili yokuthi u-25% onesi aphathe izimpawu of dermatitis, futhi 85% libike ukuthi waba nomlando izinkinga zesikhumba.

Kancane ukunciphisa antiseptics kuyacasula kungenziwa wanezela uma emollients. Lena ngenye yezindlela ukunciphisa izinga lokuhlasela kwesifo contact dermatitis. Ingozi nesenzakalo yabo kungenziwa uma kuncishiswa esetshenziswa emva ngamunye moisturizers ukugeza ukuthi zenzelwe anakekele izandla zakho.

Ukuvimbela zinkinga, asikho isidingo isikhathi ngasinye ukuze ugeze izandla zakho ngaphambi sibanikeze isinqandakuvunda. Ngaphezu kwalokho, kubalulekile ukuqinisekisa ukuthi amagilavu zazigaxwa kuphela uma isikhumba esomile ngokuphelele.

Bunake ukusetshenziswa moisturizers. Ezimakethe ungathola ukhilimu zokuzivikela ekhethekile senzelwe nokuvimbela contact dermatitis. Nokho, lolu cwaningo kuhlulekile ukuqinisekisa ukusebenza kahle yabo ngalokuvakalako. izitobhi eziningi futhi amanani aphezulu lezi okhilimu.