Umlando we-Cathedral ye-Annunciation (Kharkov). Insizakalo eKhishedral ye-Annunciation. Uhlelo

I-magnificent Annunciation Cathedral, esendaweni yomlando yaseKharkov, idonsela imibono yokubonga ngemikhumbi yayo engavamile "yemidwebo" futhi engavamile kumafomu ethempelini lama-Orthodox. Lena enye yamakhadi ebhizinisi okwakhiwa kwedolobha, elijabulela kakhulu izivakashi.

Umlando wesisekelo sethempeli

Umlando we-Cathedral ka-Annunciation (Kharkov) ubude futhi uyathakazelisa. Isakhiwo sokuqala seChurch Annunciation of the parish yaseZalopa sabanjwa ngo-1655, ngesikhathi esifanayo njengoNativity and Nikolayevskaya. Leli bandla elilodwa le-altare lalikhiwe ngamapulangwe ngendlela enamathemba amathathu, yendabuko e-Ukraine, i-belfry evela egumbini legijimi limi eceleni, futhi insimu yayizungezwe ngodonga oluthile. Ukuthuthukiswa okusebenzayo kwendawo yokuhlala kwanikeza amandla ekukhuleni kwepherishi, lapho ngo-1720 kwakukhona kakade abapristi ababili esifundazweni. Ngo-1738 kwakukhona umlilo omkhulu, isonto lashisa cishe phansi, kodwa eminyakeni embalwa kamuva kwabuyiselwa ngendlela yayo yasekuqaleni. Isonto lezinkuni lahlala iminyaka engu-51, ngo-1789, mayelana nokukhula okusheshayo kwabantu basezindaweni zasemadolobheni, kunqunywa ukwakha isakhiwo esisha sebandla.

Eminyakeni emihlanu kamuva, kwakhiwa isakhiwo esisha se-Orthodox, esasihluke kulowo owedlule ngamandla akhe nokuhlobisa okucebile (uColonel Batezatul, owakhe imali yokwakhiwa, wanikezwa igolide elihlanzekile ekwakheni i-dome ne-iconostasis). Kodwa-ke, kakade eminyakeni engama-30 isonto kwakudingeka landiswe ngokuqondene nenani elikhulayo labasontweni njalo ngonyaka. Phakathi neminyaka engamashumi ayisishiyagalolunye yekhulu le-XIX, kunqunywe ukwandisa iKathhedral ye-Annunciation. I-Kharkov, umlando wayo ongathandeki kakhulu kunomlando we-cathedral, waqala ukuqoqa iminikelo yalesi sizathu esihle.

Ithempeli elisha

Ekuqaleni kuka-Okthoba 1888, eceleni kwesonto elidala labeka isonto elisha ngokucophelela. Ithempeli elidala lasebenza isikhathi sonke ngenkathi kwakhiwa isakhiwo esisha esontweni. IKomidi Yokwakha yamemezela ukuthuthukiswa kwalo msebenzi kumdwebi uLovtsov, uprofesa ku-Technological Institute. Ukwakhiwa kwenziwa iminyaka engu-13, ikakhulukazi ngenxa yeminikelo ecebile yabathengisi abacebile baseKharkov, eKiev naseMoscow. Ngokuphelele, kwakudingeka izitini ezingaba ngu-7 000 000 ekwakhiweni kwethempeli, kwasetshenziswa ama-ruble angu-400 000 egolide yasebukhosini.

Ngo-1901 isonto elisha lavela edolobheni. Kwakuyisakhiwo esikhulu, esenziwa ngesitayela saseByzantine, lapho umakhi wanezela khona izakhi ezitholakala emathempelini yendabuko yaseRoma. I-cathedral igcwele izindlu ezinhlanu. Ngenxa yomxube wezitayela, umakhi wakwazi ukufeza umphumela omangalisayo: ngezimpahla ezinkulu, ithempeli libonakala lomoya futhi likhanya. Ubuningi bemininingwane yokuhlobisa futhi ubuciko bokuqala "obunamathele" budala ukubukeka kokuqala nethempeli.

Ingaphakathi lesonto lalimangalisa. Ikakhulukazi esontweni elisha, umdwebi odumile waseMoscow u-Orlov ovela emabharbheni omhlophe wayeqoshwe i-iconostasis, eyaba yigugu langempela lesonto. Kusuka ethempelini elidala, elabhujiswa ngemuva kokuhlanjululwa kwalowo omusha, lapha kwashukumisa izimpawu eziphawulekayo nezihlonishwayo. Izindonga zezindela zase-Orthodox zaziqoshwe ngabaculi abahamba phambili. Izisusa zokudweba isonto elisha zahlelwa ngenye ingxenye eMathredral of Christ uMsindisi kanye neVladimir Cathedral eKiev.

NgoJulayi 1914 isonto lanikezwa isimo esisha - i-Annunciation Cathedral. I-Kharkov yaba yedwa umuzi woMbuso WaseRussia, lapho kwakhiwa khona ithempeli lama-Orthodox ngesitayela saseByzantine.

Ithempeli eminyakeni yobuSoviet

Ngokufika kwamandla aseSoviet ku-cathedral, umzabalazo waqala phakathi kwama-diocese ase-Orthodox, okwadlula iminyaka emibili. Ngo-1923, iChristian Church of Holy Annunciation yaphangwa. I-Kharkov, ikakhulukazi, yalahlekelwa i-iconostasis nezindinganiso eziningi zesonto, yahlakazwa futhi yaxoshwa ethempelini. Ngonyaka ofanayo, umzamo wokuqala, kodwa hhayi wokugcina, wenziwa ukuvala ithempeli. Eminyakeni ye-1925-26. Amakhonsathi omculo ongcwele aphethwe ekwakhiweni kwethempeli elivunyelwe iziphathimandla ngamaholidi.

Ngo-February 1930, iziphathimandla zagcina zanquma ukuvala ithempeli. Kusukela manje, izakhiwo zalo zaqala ukusetshenziswa njengezitezi kanye ne-depot yamafutha.

Owokuqala emva kokuvalwa kwenkonzo yesonto e-Annunciation Cathedral yaseKharkov kwaba kuphela ngosuku lokukhululwa komuzi kumabutho ama-fascist, ngo-Agasti 23, 1943. Ngemva kweminyaka emithathu, i-cathedral inikezwa isihloko se-cathedral. Eminyakeni embalwa kamuva, izinhlamvu zabangcwele zidluliselwa lapho. Meletios, St. U-Athanasius Paterelia ohlezi no-Alexander (Petrovsky).

Umlando wamanje wethempeli

Ngo-1993, kunqunywe ukuthutha izintambo zikaMbhishobhi Omkhulu waseKharkov ogxekile, i-Great Martyr Alexander, ekwakhiweni kwe-Annunciation Cathedral (Kharkov).

Ngo-1997, phakathi nokusebenza kwe-welding ekamelweni le-podkupolnom yethempeli kwakukhona umlilo oqine kakhulu owabhubhisa isiphambano.

Ngomnyaka we-2008, eduze kwethempeli kwakhiwa ucingo olusha, olwalugcizelela phambili ubuhle nokuhlukile kwendlu engcwele yama-Orthodox.

Manje ensimini yeCathralral ye-Annunciation kunezinye zezikole zeSonto eKharkov. Abapristi bathatha ingxenye ekhuthele ekusizeni, baphakamisa izibhedlela, izindlu zezintandane namakhaya asebekhulile ngokomoya.

Umhlobiso wangaphakathi

Kusukela ngo-1946, izintambo ezingabonakali zika-Athanasius waseConstantinople ehlezi esihlalweni sobukhosi zihlala ethempelini, okuwukuphela komusa onjalo ezweni lama-Orthodox. Ngo-1654, wafela kwelinye lezinyawo, ehlezi esihlalweni sobukhosi, wangcwatshwa endaweni efanayo. Izimangaliso, okuyizinto ezingapheli zintanta, zachazwa kaningi ngabafundisi. Izimangaliso ziyaqhubeka: izingubo nezicathulo zaseSt. I-Athanasius igqoke ngokuphelele amasonto amabili kuya kwamathathu, okwamanje ayikho incazelo yesayense yalesi simo.

I-Interior of the Annunciation Cathedral (Kharkov) iyamangaza ngengcebo yayo nobukhazikhazi. Ababuyiselwe benze umsebenzi omningi, ngenxa yalokho ukudwetshwa kwe-altare, ukudweba kodonga nezakhi zokuhlobisa kwenza ithempeli libe yigugu langempela lamasonto ase-Orthodox.

Emkhakheni we-cathedral iKharkiv Metropolitan Nikodim, owaziwayo ngezenzo zakhe ezinhle, owafa ngo-2011, wangcwatshwa.

Izinganekwane

Mhlawumbe, azikho izinganekwane mayelana nanoma yiliphi elinye ithempeli emhlabeni, zingaki zazo ezikhona ngeCatralral Annunciation.

Ngokomlando wokuqala, wonke umuzi uzowa, uma uphuma izintambo zikaSt. Athanasius.

Umlando wesibili uthi indawo yakhethwa ukuthi ayiphumelelanga: kungakhathaliseki ukuthi kwakukhona umgoqo womuzi, noma ithempeli lobuhedeni, noma ngisho nezindiza zezinye izizwe zomhlaba. Njengesibufakazi salokhu, kathathu wabhekana nesiphambano sethempeli: lapho sithwalwa emfuleni, isivunguvungu sesibili sasihamba ngezinga elingama-degree angama-90 maqondana nedome, futhi okwesithathu ngokujwayelekile, umlilo wabhujiswa. Kodwa-ke, indawo yethempeli elizayo lakhethwa ekhulwini le-17 leminyaka elide, bese linikezwa ukubaluleka okukhulu.

I-legend yesithathu ithi i-Annunciation Cathedral ne-Mongortery yaseBelgorod zixhunywe ngumhubhe ongaphansi komhlaba. Ubani owaziyo, mhlawumbe lo mlando uqinisile, akekho owanikezela.

I-Annunciation Cathedral (Kharkov), isimiso semisebenzi

Ithempeli lingabamba abantu abangaba ngu-5 000, ezinkonzweni zokugubha izinkonzo, amalungu esonto angena esakhiweni ngisho nasemakedeni.

Njalo ngeSonto ngo-4: 00 ntambama, inkonzo yeSonto Vigil iqala, futhi ngo-7: 00 ekuseni ngelanga elilandelayo i-Divine Liturgy ifundwa. Isikhathi sokubhapathizwa, imishado, izicelo kanye nezinye izicelo kufanele kuvunyelwane ngokwehlukana.

Ulwazi oluthe xaxa kwisayithi esemthethweni lunikezwa i-Annunciation Cathedral (Kharkov). Uhlelo lwezinsizakalo zikaNkulunkulu ezithokozelayo, okuthunyelwe, izindaba, izicelo - konke lokhu kungatholakala ekhasini lethempelini kuyi-intanethi.

I-cathedral ivulekele wonke umuntu nsuku zonke kusukela ngo-7.30 kuya ku-11: 30.

Ungafika kanjani lapho

Ithempeli liseduze nesiteshi sesitimela "Central Market".

Ungathatha ibhasi kunoma iyiphi indlela edlula eMakethe Ephakathi noma emgwaqweni wePoltava, emgwaqweni we-tram we-20 ukuya eMakethe Ephakathi noma eMgwaqeni 6 kuya endaweni ethi "Lopanskaya Naberezhnaya".

I-Annunciation Cathedral yaseKharkov ingenye yezimangaliso ezingu-7 zedolobha, inkundla enhle kunazo zonke, ephakeme kakhulu, eyakha ikhadi lakhe lokuvakashela. Ithempeli ingenye yezindawo zokuhamba u-Orthodox, ivakashelwa minyaka yonke nenani elikhulu lamakholwa.