Aluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka zivamile: izici kulinywe, betshala nokunakekela

Uma aluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka ngaphambilini kwakungatholakala kuphela ezitholakala emahlathini, izinsuku zethu, lokhu berry Simila by balimi eziningi. Berry ikhula kahle ngisho ezindaweni ezisenyakatho. Lesi sitshalo kuyinto sasivumela ephansi sezinkonzo ezihlukahlukene kanye sokuvuna kuletha ngonyaka. I amajikijolo lokuqala ingalandwa emva kweminyaka emithathu kuya kwemine emva kokutshala. Uma aluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka ukuhlinzeka ukunakekelwa abanekhono, lesi sitshalo uyakwazi ukuphila ngokuvumelana amashumi eminyaka.

Ukukhethwa izinhlobo zokutshala

Abazalanisi ngikudalile izinhlobo eziningi common amajingijolo yokutshala endaweni engadini. Bonke zihlukaniswe zibe:

• Zakuqala-ukukhula. I amajikijolo lokuqala zilungele ekuqaleni Julayi. Lezi zihlanganisa: Duke, Spartan, Stanley, Nortblyu, Blyuetta.
• Mid ojabulisa amajikijolo ngasekupheleni July. Lokhu Patriot, Toro, Elizabeth, Nelson, Rankosas, Blyugold.
• Late-yokuvuthwa kuze ngasekupheleni kwehlobo. I yafuna kakhulu Eliot Gorbert, Jersey.

Lezi izinhlobonhlobo engcono aluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka batusa balimi eziningi. Nokho, ngokukhetha ibanga, kubalulekile ukuba acabangele eziningi umehluko wemisindo nemiqondo yamagama: izimo zezulu, ikakhulukazi ezweni, ukunambitheka izintandokazi.

Blueberry kuyinto yemifino, aphakathi nendawo kanye ubude. Northern Territory nezihlahla ekahle wekukhula kancane. ukuphakama Isilinganiso sikhule nganoma iyiphi izimo zezulu.

Ukunambitha izinhlobo abahlukanisiwe, kuxhomeke kakhulu ezinyathelweni esikuthandako. Baningi okubuyayo ezivela abatshali yazuza Blyukrop kwetitselo ezinkulu namanzi.

Ukukhetha indawo

Aluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka abavamile ukhetha endle, ivikelwe emimoyeni. izindawo Nomthunzi ngeke isebenze, bakhuluphale, bayakuphendukela amajikijolo omuncu.

Aluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka kuyelapha ku Peat nenhlabathi nge pH 3.5-4.5. inhlabathi Ngiphakathi nendawo futhi ane-alikhali asifanele, ngoba isakhiwo impande amajingijolo ngeke sikhule kubo. Inhlabathi amanzi Kubalulekile amajingijolo bogs zibulale ukuthuthukiswa ehlathini. Khulisa inhlabathi asidi isingeniso okungenzeka citric acid (3 amathisipuni ibhakede lamanzi).

Ngaphambi kokuba atshale nokulungisa Ubukhulu emgodini 60 by cm 60, ukujula 60 cm izindonga kudingeka proryhlit -. Kungcono ukuba kwenziwe amanzi enhlabathini.

Lo mgodi egcwele substrate izakhi elinabantu sawdust, Peat moss, uphayini izinaliti, isihlabathi nesibabule. Zonke kahle exubile bese ohlangene.

Ukungeza umquba nomlotha akudingekile, kuyingozi ukuba amajingijolo. Isikhawu lobanele emkhatsini otshanini - imitha elilodwa.

Indlela ukutshala aluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka?

Imbewu berry abatshali ayibi umsebenzi enzima kakhulu, efanelekayo kuyo mhlawumbe kuphela ezikhethekile. Kulula ukubeka isitshalo ngosizo a kwakunezigqiki ezithambile.

Thenga izithombo kungaba for balimi abanolwazi kanye kuyo. Uma ukuthenga kuyadingeka bahlolisise ehlathini esizayo. Akumele ezilimele izifo nezinambuzane. I nezimo yimpumelelo kakhulu kuhluke izithombo nge evaliwe uhlelo impande, badayisa e amabhodwe.

Ingcono aluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka abavamile watshala entwasahlobo. Lapho ukutshala ehlobo kunobungozi ukuthi isitshalo ngeke babe nesikhathi nezimpande.

Indlela ukutshala aluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka? Ukutshala kwakunezigqiki ezithambile, banamathele algorithm ezilandelayo:

• Gilazi lapho yisithombo, emanzini imizuzu engu-15.
• Umhlabathi azungeze izithombo ngobumnene uxove. Nge izimpande kumele iphathwe ngokucophelela.
• Plant bangcwabe inhlabathi 5 cm.
• Umhlaba waphuzisa ehlathini mulching nge sawdust.

Khona-ke kudingeka afeze yesondlo abanekhono futhi njalo aluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka, bese isitshalo ngeke ukuletha isivuno esihle.

Ukunakekela Imicimbi

Abalimi abanolwazi, ngeke kube nzima ukukhula aluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka, ngoba nokulinakekela imayelana kuyafana for nezinye izitshalo.

aluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka Ukunisela kwenziwe ngokucophelela ukuze kungabi ukugcwalisa lesi simila. Kubalulekile ukuvimbela yokujama tsi yamanzi endaweni. ukuthambisa Esifike Ngesikhathi sidingeka ngokukhethekile ngesikhathi kuvele izimbali kanye amajikijolo.

Emasontweni ambalwa ngemva kokutshala isihlahla zingadla. Efaka umquba amajingijolo wenziwa izingoma samaminerali phosphorous, i-potassium ne-nitrogen eningi. Ngemva efaka umquba sezihlahla waphuzisa. Ngonyaka olandelayo, zalisa aluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka ngo-Ephreli kwathi ngo-June. Nge organic akudingekile ukuya kude.

The best amajingijolo sigqoka kubhekwa Peat ene-asidi. Uma kungekho Izingxube Peat kungenziwa admixed emhlabathini ibolile zikaphayini udoti. Futhi semboza ngabo izithombo zezihlahla zemithi.

Ukunakekela kuhlanganisa amajingijolo futhi hoeing njalo umhlaba ngaphansi sezihlahla. Lokhu kumele kwenziwe izikhathi ezintathu isizini ngayinye. Ngokuvamile, kuba akudingekile ukuze kuhlukaniswe, hhayi ukubhubhisa izimpande.

Zemithi semboza ngabo izithombo zezihlahla ungqimba 12 cm. Lokhu kuzosiza aluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka ukusinda ehlobo ashisayo nabandayo ebusika. Mulching sawdust efanelekayo, uphayini izinaliti, Peat kanye namahlamvu oki. ungqimba Vuselela kungaba izikhathi ezimbalwa inkathi ngamunye.

Izihlahla ziqala kuka ngonyaka wesithupha. Susa amagatsha efile futhi onesifo. Nquma okungcono ngesikhathi sekusondela ubusika futhi entwasahlobo. Ukwanda engezansi isusiwe, isihlahla akufanele ukushwaqa okuningi, kuzosiza ukuvimbela fungal izifo.

Ngo nobusika obubanda kakhulu aluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka harbor nonwoven noma sawdust.

zizalela ezihlabayo

Uma ukutshala amajikijolo endaweni yaphumelela, kungenzeka ukuqala ukukhiqizwa kabusha yayo. Lokhu kwenziwa ngezindlela ezimbili:

• Cutting. Omunye izinketho engcono. Workpiece amahlumela kufanele kuqale ekwindla noma ebusika. Kumila bacwilisa esikhwameni, wafaka endaweni epholile emnyama. Spring amahlumela uthathe cuttings 20 cm ubude kanye impande esihlabathini futhi Peat inhlanganisela. I-cuttings inhlabathi kungenziwa itshalwe ekwindla, ngo-September.
• Layering. Indlela singasetshenziswa ngesikhathi lapho isitshalo isivele ukulungiselela embhedeni.

Igatsha engezansi amajika embozwe inhlabathi izakhi. Phezu itheku ifilimu. Entwasahlobo cuttings kungenziwa itshalwe endaweni unomphela. Kubalulekile ukuqinisekisa ukuthi izimpande wakhula enkulu ngokwanele.

Nokuvinjelwa kwezifo kanye izinambuzane

Ukuvikela sezihlahla kusukela ayehlasela izinambuzane ukuvela izifo, kubalulekile ukuthatha ezinye izinyathelo:

• Spring notshani Bordeaux liquid wafutha isixazululo polikarbatsina.
• Njengoba sekunama-amahlamvu ehlathini ziphathwe noma iyiphi inqubo yokwelapha fungicide iyaphindwa kathathu.
• Iqoqa sokuvuna ukwelashwa fungicide baphinde bakwenze.
• Ukwelapha yokugcina Kwenziwa ngaphambi ukuqala ebusika.

kungenzeka wayethole isifo esithile

Aluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka abavamile akuvamile ukungenwa izifo. izifo Okungenzeka zenzeka:

1. Isiqu umdlavuza. Lesi sifo sibangelwa ngumuntu ukhunta. Ekuqaleni, kukhona izindawo ensundu kwi amagatsha ukuthi ikhule futhi yonkhe amahlumela amahlamvu. Lesi sifo kungabangela ukulahlekelwa ephelele ehlathini. Ukuvimbela ke, kubalulekile ukuvimbela inhlabathi waterlogging ngaphansi aluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka futhi akudingekile ukuba isitshalo nezihlahla sisondele kakhulu nomunye. Kusukela kokuvela izindawo kuzosiza ikhambi "Topsina" futhi "Euparena".
2. isikhunta elimpunga. Futhi ukutheleleka fungal. Ukugula ithumba wonke amahlathi, oqala izindawo ngokubomvu, okuyinto kancane kancane abe lula. Ukuze ulwe bola kudingekile Bordeaux ingxube.
3. Moniliosis. isifo fungal, futhi iyingozi ngoba isithelo ehlathini. It kubonakala desiccation amajikijolo nezinye izingxenye ehlathini amajingijolo. Kusukela moniliosis ngempumelelo Bordeaux ingxube.
4. Fizalosproroz. Lesi sifo amagatsha ngokuvamile ngasekupheleni kwehlobo. Okokuqala, kukhona izindawo ukuthi ngonyaka ozayo kukufake amanxeba. Kusukela isifo kusiza fundazol, Bordeaux ingxube.
5. White Spot. Amahlamvu bazongena esitelekeni namabala amhlophe, amahlamvu ayehla kancane kancane. Kubalulekile ukuba ashise amahlamvu onesifo futhi amboza ukushintsha. Kuyasiza ndawo kusukela eBordeaux ingxube.

Kukhona futhi izifo ezibangelwa amagciwane. Ngokuvamile, izindlela zokubhekana nazo khona, kufanele sikhiphe ukufika.

izintwala

izinambuzane eziwuhlupho bavame ukundlula aluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka eceleni. Lokhu angeke sehluleke bathokozise umnini walo.

Abalimi kumele babuke hhayi ezifuywa amacimbi zikaphayini processionary inundu otshanini. Befaka web nokwehlisa ukukhiqiza sezihlahla, usebenzisa amakhambi e ukudla kanye nezinso.

Ubungozi kungenzeka Quadraspidiotus perniciosus kanye aphid. Kwanele ngesandla ukuqoqa izimvemvane nge ezihlabayo. Uma lokhu kungasebenzi, ungafaka isicelo amakhemikhali. Udinga fafaza ngemva kokuvuna.

Izinyoni uthande amajikijolo amajingijolo, ngabo it is a real okwehla esiphundu. Vikela izinyoni kusuka kokufika ukusiza engadini Injengesithusamagwababa. Ungakwazi hang on amagatsha kudabuke elikhanyayo ezokwenza okwesabisa away izinyoni.

Lezi zinyathelo ezilula ukuze anakekele sezihlahla amajingijolo kuzosiza sikhule isivuno esihle amajikijolo kusayithi.