Amayunithi kolwazi

Unit elikhona zonke ensimini imisebenzi njengomuntu ezivamile okulingana isilinganiso lutho. Ivolumu, ubude nesisindo - okuvame kakhulu akhona. Emazweni ahlukahlukene, ngezilimi ezihlukahlukene, kungakhathaliseki ukuthi sikuyiphi inkolo, sisebenzisa wokulinganisa efanayo kusho. Ngoba indoda kulungile, kufinyeleleke futhi kuyaqondakala, kuba Akudingi isenzo kufanele iguqulwe, okuvame ukuholela amaphutha.

Njengoba sekunama-computer ukuphila komuntu, kukhona isidingo sokudala yisikhungo esisodwa kolwazi ubuningi. Yebo, yokuthi kusolakala kanye Chinese, futhi American, futhi iyiphi enye ikhompyutha emhlabeni. Zonke program zezwe zingase zisebenzise ke njengoba ukuba nolimi olulodwa olwaziwayo. Ngakho kwaba khona kancane logarithm kanambambili.

Bit - iyunithi Imininingwane elilingana ulwazi inombolo bese sicabangela ukuthi amanani amabili kuphela "ku" futhi "off" (ufanekiselwe 1 kanye 0). Kwikhompyutha ukuze encode zamagama zesiNgisi, izingcezu eziyisithupha kwanele, kodwa ukugcwaliseka inqubo izinhlelo eziyinkimbinkimbi kuzodinga ivolumu ngeminye imininingwane amayunithi eziye lathathwa Latin Isiqalo wezibalo. Amabhithi computer - it is an ishayela kagesi ihlinzekwa kusuka kokuthunyelwe umyalo isigungu futhi yisifiso okuhambisanayo ngokwawo mayelana nomsebenzi owenziwayo. 0 no-1 imiyalo ku ezahlukene voltage amabanga. Konke lokhu okwenzekayo ngesivinini ophakeme, okungafaniswa ukudluliswa kolwazi phakathi ubuchopho kanye kwalapho kuhlangana khona imizwa yomzimba womuntu.

Zonke izilimi uHlelo iboshelwa binary code. Izithombe adluliselwe ku-elektroniki, imidlalo kanye yiluphi uhlelo isofthiwe, ukuphathwa zokukhiqiza ngomshini - zonke zisebenzisa ezivamile Imininingwane amayunithi - kancane.

Iqoqa e pulses uchungechunge izingcezu ukwakha ulwazi olusha yokulinganisa iyunithi: amabhayithi, kilobits, amakhilobhayithi, megabits, wamamegabhayithi, gigabytes, terabytes, PB nokunye.

Byte Kusolwa ukuba izingcezu eziyisishiyagalombili kanye unegama yesibili - OCTET njengoba emlandweni ikhompyutha kukhona izixazululo njengoba amabhayithi 6-bit ne-32-bit, kodwa isixazululo software kuphela ezinye izinkampani ngcono ulwazi iyunithi ukuthi akakunikanga Imiphumela elithelayo. Kodwa lo main kuyinto ibhayithi ayisishiyagalombili-bit, ngakho wabiza ibizo ezivamile "OCTET".

Ukuze iwenze ube lula nokusingatha imininingwane, inani amayunithi of ukwaziswa okubhalwe kuvunyelwe ngokukhethekile ithebula uhlobo Unicod, nezinye izinhlobo esephepheni usebenzisa i-Windows OS noma nezinye. Ngamunye amatafula isetshenziswa inhloso yazo. Ukuze isithombe omnyama nomhlophe usebenzisa i-8-bit uhlelo kanambambili, futhi umbala isivele-24-bit. Ukubhala umbhalo kunoma yiluphi ulimi zomhlaba ukusebenzisa-16-bit UNICOD ngokwanele.

Okwamanje, umsebenzisi isilinganiso iyatholakala iyunithi tasam enkulu yolwazi njengoba itherabhayithi - yilokho 1,024 gigabytes, okuyinto bakha yena, 1024 gigabytes. Uma wande ngu 1024, sithola inani wamamegabhayithi ezakha eyodwa itherabhayithi. Uma ukubuyabuyelela lelula laqhubeka kwaze iyunithi kokuqala, bese uvule ngosuku lokuqala, kunoma iyiphi wokubala ayilingani. Lokhu kuzoba nenani amakhodi kanambambili ukuthi kudingeka ukugcwalisa lokhu ivolumu.

Eqinisweni, abakhiqizi abaningi izingxenye esetshenziswa Ukukhishwa Ngokwezwi nezwi lisho ticalo Kilo, mega and Giga. Lokhu kuholela amaphutha abalulekile nenkohliso lifihlakele. Okungukuthi, disk hard 1 itherabhayithi ngokwenyama ingagcina ingqikithi 950 wamamegabhayithi idatha. Sekuyisikhathi eside umphakathi Ikhompyutha ahlinzekwa ngendlela ukuyigwema.

Ticalo Kilo, mega, nokunye ukuhlala nge izici evamile. Kilo - ayinkulungwane, mega - million. Ukuze imishini computer ukusebenzisa kahle multiplier akuyona 1000, futhi 1024. Igama naye yasungulwa - KIBI. Okungukuthi, sicalo lesifanele kanye multipliers yilezi: kibi-, mibi- nangale.