Area kanye labantu Pushkin. Petersburg, Pushkin

Kuze 1918, Pushkin wabizwa ngokuthi Tsarskoye Selo, ngaleso sikhathi kuze kube 1937 - emzaneni Wezingane. Kuyinto isikhungo enkulu yesayensi, ezokuvakasha, ezempi kanye ukuphila ezimbonini. Kuyinto ngaphansi kwesivikelo UNESCO.

Umlando isisekelo

Kusukela ngo-1609 kuya ku-1702 tycoon Swedish babehlala lapha. Manor yakhe encane okuthiwa Sarskoye myzoy. Sasiphathelene endlini futhi zasendlini izimpahla isakhiwo, ingadi Lihle ne amathrekhi ezimbili perpendicularly ahlelwe sokhuni, uhlukanisa indawo ku-4 tikwele.

Lapho kukhulunywa ngaye okokuqala le ndawo eziqukethwe ukuphola idokhumenti emuva ngonyaka 1501. Khona-ke uPetru nami sashayela sabantu Swedish ke, balidla izwe, walinika ezandleni Menshikov. 13.06.1710 kwento livela ngaphansi kwegama Tsarskoye Selo. Wabanikeza M. Skavronskaia, unkosikazi kamuva zombusi Catherine Alekseevna. Lokhu okwamanje kubhekwa usuku isisekelo Pushkin. Ngaleso sikhathi, yena wadlala indima yokuhlala ezweni.

Ukuthuthukisa luhlobo

Esikhathini esiyiminyaka 1718-1724 GG. It eyenziwa ukwakhiwa isigodlo kanye izakhiwo kwalo ezifana itoho. Sasihaqwe zasemazweni yensimu olunothile. Phakathi 1719 futhi 1722 .. Sidale 2 amachibi phezu ithala ngezansi.

Ukuze abasebenzi lwesigodlo eyakhelwe Emaphethelweni eseduze. Ngo 1716-m uvele kweNyuka Church. Okokuqala Street, okuyinto esaphakama 1720 - Garden (eyayaziwa ngokuthi ngaphambili). Phakathi 1721 we sungula Kuzminskaya likaPondo. Lihlala umlinyana labantu sifundazwe Suzdal.

Lesi sakhiwo endala eyenziwe ngetshe, isonto Znamensky, waqala ukwakha 1734-m. Idolobhana uvele lapha 1808. ezisemadolobheni ukuhlela lesikhumbuzo waba Museum wendawo. Ensemble ngokulinganayo esiphawulekayo 18-20 ekhulwini th., Kubandakanya epaki futhi esigodlweni Catherine, kanye eseduze ukwakhiwa kwayo.

Area, nesimo sendawo futhi sezulu

Le ndawo edolobheni Pushkin kuyinto 201 square metres. km. Itholakala kwi insimu iNeva ezisezansi, kwesokunxele p. INeva. Kunezindlela ezihlukahlukene landscape: emathafeni, emikhulu, amathala, ezigodini nasezintabeni. amapheshana ihlathi eyayihambisana yezolimo ezweni hlobo.

Pushkin (Saint-Petersburg) siyindawo iziphethu ilungiselelo, enika amachibi ukudla nemifudlana. eminyakeni million 350 edlule (Paleozoic) lapha kwaba kolwandle. Siye ngasinda ubumba, isihlabathi, limestone, sandstone. ungqimba wabo 200 m kanye ukufuya diabase crystalline, gneiss, egwadle isisekelo. Ukwakheka impumuzo zamanje kwavusa ikhava ice (izinguzunga zeqhwa Valdai okwenzeka eminyakeni 12,000 edlule).

Lapho kwakukhona ncibilika weza Littorina Sea, kabani ukujula kuyinto 8 amamitha ephakeme esamanje. iminyaka 4000 adlule kwakungekho elikhulayo lenkolelo ongaphakeme, futhi kwakukhona umfula. Neva - umphumela okuthunyelwe ezifakwa glacial. Ngokuhamba 2.5 ayizinkulungwane. Iminyaka, kuze kube namuhla, izinguquko impumuzo ebesenza.

Isimo sezulu libhekene ngokulinganisela, nomswakama. Kuyinto zesikhashana phakathi yezwekazi futhi zasolwandle. Summer Asihlali isikhathi eside, akuvamile ukushisa. Lapho ebusika eside thaws iphazamisa.

Izinkathi zesikhashana entwasahlobo and ekwindla made, ukuze abendawo ejwayele isilinganiso. Amazinga ingaphezu zero ngesikhathi kusuka April kuya November. Kuyinto enomoya ngo-February. imvula yonyaka - 590 amamilimitha angu.

notshwala Atmosphere ngokuvamile kuhlanzeke futhi kube kusha, woza lapha kusukela eningizimu, ngakho isimo sezulu sihle. Omunye umoya mass kungenziwa ngokushesha kuphenduke ngenye. Ngokuvamile kukhona zasezindaweni. Awumncane yini kuyo yonke ilanga ngo-November nango-January. Sekukonke, isimo sezulu sendawo kuyinto ngempela ukhululekile ukuphila.

division indawo

Ngo Pushkin sika edolobheni isikhungo engafinyelelwa, uma siqhubekela kuya enyakatho-mpumalanga yendawo epaki. It is ikakhulukazi bakhiwe nabo izakhiwo 3-4 izibuya itshe. Iningi lazo zakhelwe esikhathini sangaphambi wamavukelambuso.

The main wesigodi oyingqophamlando kuyinto Sofia. Eduze kwalo kukhona emgwaqweni. Park kanye sapper, onguthelawayeka kanye Pavlovsk Krasnoselskoe. Ngo Krasnosolke ngaphambili kwaku Arakcheevka, Babolova futhi sana - ezindaweni ezizimele komuzi. Pushkin - indawo ukuhlola, ukhubeke phezu ikoloni Fridentalskuyu, enomnikazi amaJalimane. Inani elikhulu ephezulu liphumele izakhiwo phezu Insimu BAM. Kube engxenyeni ezimele. Okunye okuphawulekayo ukuthi i-New Village Belozorka, Novosyolky owakhulela ezindaweni zasemakhaya. Enye wesigodi oyingqophamlando - Kondakopshino. Ngaphezu kwalokho, kukhona zigaba, ababiziweyo 2-Pavlovsk, amaHlathi (libhekisela ye GPP) Novokondakopshino.

Abantu abaningi kungenzeka abanesifiso sokwazi ukuthi ukusebenzisa Inkomba? Pushkino olwabiwa wesifunda leposi 2 kuphela, ngakho uMnyango uthathe incwadi ngemininingwane: 196601 noma 196609.

izici kazwelonke

Buyekeza kwekhulu le-19 ibonisa ukuthi labantu Pushkin (Saint-Petersburg) aba yizinkulungwane 15. Abantu. Wayengafani nabanye imizi Ukwakheka yobuhlanga.

AmaFilisti, abantu nabalimi abancane, abefundisi nabathengisi babe yizinkulungwane 7. Abantu. Ezinye izindaba zika-isigamu lalinabafundi enkantolo yezempi, bamakoloni. Kwakungelona nje ekhoneni ethule ukuphila futhi bengahambisani nohulumeni ezibalulekile.

Umphakathi wendawo kwadingeka umbala ekhethekile. Petersburgers Abaningi beza lapha izinyanga 3 wahamba ngesinyenyela kulo muzi. Ngo-1939, esifundeni Leningrad., Kanye kulo lonke elaseSoviet Union, sasenza inani lonke labantu, ngenxa okuyinto kwatholakala ukuthi kwakukhona izinkulungwane 17,711. AmaJuda. Lapho amaJalimane sahlala komuzi, bachotshozwe cishe ngokuphelele.

Dynamics labantu ushintsho

Ngasekuqaleni kwekhulu le-18 Sarskaya Manor kuhlanganisiwe emizaneni ezingaphezu kuka-43, 6 ugwadule, amapulazi kanye bobilskie amayadi angu. Ngokuhamba kwesikhathi, inani labantu lukhula. Phakathi nokubusa uPetru mina imikhaya ongumlimi 200 babehlala lapha.

Ukwakheka kwalesi sigodi zihlanganisa mifanekiso isonto, amasosha yabalindi nezinceku inkantolo. Kwakukhona nemizana entsha, lapho kwakukhona khona 71 egcekeni, ehlanganisa 69 abantu, futhi - kusukela bendawo.

Ngo-1732, senza yokubala abantu, imiphumela zazo kwakukhona amadoda angu-48. Emaphandleni ezungeze abalwa 105 ezinkantolo Latvian lapho abameleli ubulili namandla futhi engenzeleli abekade ratio 336/343 ngokulandelana. Ngo 1796 komnikazi Palace kuhlanganisiwe 779 izakhiwo lapho behlala ayizinkulungwane 2.8. Abantu. Sofia iyikhaya ayizinkulungwane 1.6. Abantu. (Ezezindlu 146).

Ngo-1845, kusho uColonel Zhukovsky wenza umbiko kwabikwa kuyo ukuthi, kanye labantu ikampu ayizinkulungwane 121,94. Man. Alaba bantu babe yizinkulungwane 9,066 abantu, abesifazane - .. ayizinkulungwane 3.128 abantu .. Amakhulu imikhaya ukuza lapha eholidini ehlobo, kanye enkantolo. Futhi saya abasebenzi Tsarskoye Selo (ayizinkulungwane 1-1.5. Pers.).

XX - ekuqaleni xxi leminyaka

Ngo-1909, kwakukhona abayizinkulungwane ezingamashumi 31,201. Abantu. Kulawa, ayizinkulungwane 2.8 yezikhulu, 309 -. Abefundisi, 691 - izakhamuzi ngesihloko zokuhlonipha, 241 -. Abathengisi, ayizinkulungwane 2.505 kwakungekaNkulunkulu onxiwankulu kuyinto engasho lutho, 13,653 ayizinkulungwane -. Ukuze abalimi, 52 - ukuze bamakoloni, 8.169 ayizinkulungwane -. Ukuze wezempi , ayizinkulungwane 1.369. babe umhlalaphansi. Abezinye Izizwe nemindeni yabo - abantu 237. Ezinye izindaba zika-labantu - abantu 209.

Inani labantu yanda, futhi kungakapheli leminyaka kwabonakala ayizinkulungwane 108,3. Abantu. Ngqo Pushkin wahlala ayizinkulungwane 93,8. Abantu.

Insimu Pavlovsk futhi Pushkin izifunda kuhlanganiswe ukuze zibe yisikhungo esisodwa zokuphatha. Ngo-2001, inani labantu kwaba luyingxenye ayizinkulungwane 124,3. Abantu.

Ngo-2002, futhi kwenziwe izibalo, eyabonisa ingqikithi ayizinkulungwane 116,811. (Ngokuhamba Pushkin wesifunda, kwakukhona abayizinkulungwane ezingamashumi 100,097. Pers.). Kulaba, 56% babe abaseminyakeni yokusebenza. Kwakuwusuku okokuqala ushintsho omuhle izinga wenzalo (ke sakhula ngo-5%).

Esikhathini esizayo, kwakukhona Dynamics omuhle sabantu: ngo-2003 - 84,6 inkulungwane, ngo-2006 - izinkulungwane zabantu 110,9 ...

Eduzane izinsuku zethu

Inani labantu abahlala lapha ishintshile ngenxa ukuthuthukiswa ngokushesha ukwakhiwa.

Ngokusho 2008 azalelwa ayizinkulungwane 1.278. Pers., Yikuphi Udlule Imiphumela ngonyaka 2007 egcwele. Nokho, ukuze enze abantu Pushkin yakhiqizwa kahle, izinga Kwandiswa kabili. abantu 285. ozelwe Izinyunyana engumlanjwana. Ngo-60% amacala, bobabili abazali isicelo sokubhaliswa yayo.

Ngo-2009, i-pair of 1471 inyunyana kuphothuliwe kanti 742 - kukhanselwe.

Abesifazane abangaphezu kuka-amadoda. Of isisindo ingqikithi 54%, okuyinto 4.5 kb. Cel. ephakeme ukwedlula inani labantu abafana. Lezi ikakhulukazi abantu ubudala nonworking. I ubulili fair baphile isikhathi eside.

labantu Pushkin sika has a yobudala imidiyeni iminyaka engu-40. Kususelwa izinkomba lokubala ubuningi babantu kanye nomphakathi, sikwazi ukukhuluma ke asebekhulile. Uma mkhuba uyaqhubeka, maduzane esezigugile ngeke alandise ingxenye eyodwa kwezintathu isisindo ingqikithi. Ngo-2009, izinkulungwane. 19,316 Abezinye iqale ngo- ukubhalisa ukufuduka. Beyofuna umsebenzi efika lapha abantu 1377., Balamukele yisakhamuzi Russian zabantu 435.

Kusukela 2012, i-yanda isibalo sabantu wasekela:

• ngo-2012, inani labantu Pushkin aba yizinkulungwane 95,239 keli..;
• 2013 - 97,34 THS;..
• 2014 - 100,753 THS;..
• 2015 - 101, 101 ayizinkulungwane abantu ..

Ngo-2016, inani labantu Pushkin kuyinto 102,729 ayizinkulungwane. Abantu. Kubo enamandla - 63%. 13% usemusha kakhulu ngingakwazi nokusebenza, 24% - kakade ubudala.

izinyathelo ababasekelayo

Ngaphambi iziphathimandla lesifunda kanye federal ibhekana nezinselele eziningi ngenxa izinqumo okuyinto Russia (Pushkin, ikakhulukazi) uyoshintshwa ngokuya nobuhlanga. ukunakwa okukhulu ikhokhelwa umndeni, babasize ngezimali kubazali.

Imindeni ikhokhwe uxhaso ezahlukene 15. Inikeza usizo ekugcinweni izingane esikoleni. Thuthukisa izinhlangano abathintekayo ekuvikelweni umphakathi, ngcono izici qualitative wokuphila, ukudalwa izikhungo zemfundo, kugxile kobuhle zempilo kanye nemidlalo. Labetibambile uhlamvu mass lomcimbi, bagcizelele ku ukudalwa izinzuzo umndeni.

Nokho izinkinga eziningi ukuhlala kungalungiswanga. Kubaluleke kakhulu ukuba bakulungise ngesikhathi ngaphambi kwesikhathi ngokusemandleni ethu ukuze siqinisekise ukukhula engu labantu abasebenza, elisetendeni ebuhlungu isidingo edolobheni Pushkin (Saint-Petersburg). iziqinisekiso Social imindeni nezingane kubalulekile ngenxa inani elikhulayo esezigugile. Kulokhu, lo mbhangqwana ngeke wesabe izinkinga zezimali, ukuba babe nomntwana.