Art. 146 we Criminal Code. amalungelo Ukwephulwa copyright futhi ahlobene

umsebenzi ngamunye, umdlalo ikhompyutha yakho noma eminye imininingwane yenethiwekhi has umlobi wayo siqu. Ukuze Ukusetshenziswa kolwazi yaphelela ngomunye umuntu, kanye Ukuqhubeka kule, kukhona umthwalo ngaphansi Art. 146 we Criminal Code.

Umcabango

Imininingwane kuyinto isethi yonke imithetho elawula ubudlelwano okuhlotshaniswa ukudalwa kanye nokusetshenziswa kwemisebenzi.

Kukhona izimiso ukhiye kuleli qoqo:

- nenkululeko lokusungula;

- izithakazelo zokuziphatha futhi impahla;

- isilinganiso nezithakazelo wombhali kanye nomphakathi;

- inalienability kwelungelo.

Njengomthetho, copyright kuphakama kwenzeka ukuthi umsebenzi owadalwa umuntu futhi yintsha maqondana eminye imisebenzi yemvelo efanayo. Ngokwesibonelo, uma noma iyiphi abamemezeli ungakaze bakhiqiza incwadi ngaphansi igama ethize, nakuba kungaba kwenziwe uhlobo ethandwa, kungaba kubhekwe njengento ngaphansi kwe-copyright.

Noma ukubuyisela emuva kukho: uma umshicileli ezikhishwe N.-encyclopedia ezihlobene yimuphi umkhakha wolwazi, okuyinto ezokwenzeka enye yezincwadi esedlule oyenzile,-NA ngeke babe-copyright maqondana le encyclopedia. Kunalokho, kuba kuleli cala i--copyright yomunye umuntu ngokuhambisana Art. 146 we Criminal Code, kodwa hhayi eseke siqu sakhe.

Kuphela umsunguli wawo noma umnikezi ungumuntu oye wathola amalungelo ukushicilela noma emsebenzini, kungenziwa waziphatha ukusatshalaliswa kanye nokukhangisa into, kanye nezinye izinketho ukusebenzisa.

Ukwephula ebikhuluma ngocansi udede

Uma sicabangela ukwephulwa kule ndawo, ngezinye izikhathi ingaba umthombo kokubili ocacile ngokuphelele. Isigaba sokuqala ukwephulwa libhekisela izimo lapho khona isihloko (isakhamuzi, inhlangano) ukunika umkhiqizo bebodwa. Kungaba incwadi (umbhalo ngamazwi yasekuqaleni futhi ufometha), futhi umdlalo ikhompyutha (noma i-movie).

Mayelana umbhalo edishini Kumele kuqashelwe ukuthi inkinga impikiswano uma ukubukeka nokwakheka zifana, kodwa okuqukethwe lihlukile. Kulokhu, kungekho ukuphulwa.

Esikhathini lonyaka wesimodeni computer cishe zonke izincwadi lwezigaba ezahlukene (kuhlanganise abafundi abasebenza) asezindaweni World Wide Web. Yingakho uma usebenzisa ulwazi olufanele ukubeka iyiphi impahla mayelana lapho le nto ukopishiwe kuze kube igama umshicileli kanye neminye imininingwane. Kwezinye izimo, uma kukhona ukungabaza mayelana okwakhe, sebenzisa uhlelo "Anti-ukusebenzisa umqondo womunye", okuyinto uqinisekise ukuthi umbhalo ukuskenwa ku-inthanethi ekhona.

Ngaphezu kwalokho, ngendlela ehlazisayo futhi ukuhlukumeza elinesijeziso amalungelo ngaphansi Art. 146 we Criminal Code, okungukuthi, ngokwesibonelo, ukusatshalaliswa CD ne imidlalo noma ama-movie. Kukhona izinketho ezimbili yilezi: umkhiqizo isivele okwenzeka ukuqashwa noma ukudayiswa, noma kukhona ukusabalala doreliznogo into (okuyinto isanda kumemezela).

Yiqiniso, ukuphulwa kwe-copyright kwenzeka futhi, usebenzisa imisebenzi sasivumela owaziwa yobuciko, izincwadi kanye nakweminye imikhakha. Khona-ke lapha kubalulekile ukukhuluma hhayi mayelana ukwabela ubuqambi, ngoba wonke umuntu uyazi ukuthi, ngokwesibonelo, "I Idiot" Dostoevsky wabhala, kodwa ngomzamo bazuze ubufakazi bokuba khona kwalesi wobuciko.

isichasiso ubuqambi

indlela Afihliweyo kwe-copyright siqukethe ukukhwabanisa into enjalo, okuyinto ayikaziwa emphakathini. Lokhu kwenzeka uma umdali uye kwadingeka isikhathi bahlele futhi ukushicilela lutho ngaphansi kwegama lakho, futhi ngakusebenzisa ngokunenzuzo ukuba omunye umuntu.

Khona-ke ngeke uma isimangalo ukufakazela acwaninge njengendlela umlobi ukuba kukhululwe yimuphi umkhiqizo. Lokhu kuzodinga okusalungiswa kanye neminye imininingwane, kanye nofakazi ngubani uyokhomba yokuthi kwaba ummangali lobunikazi liphethwe kunoma iyiphi indaba noma sokudlala.

akwazi ukugcina pirated

Kungenjalo, lapho ilungelo umsebenzi inhlangano esibandakanya isivivinyo eside hhayi kuphela, kodwa futhi ukulahlekelwa omkhulu ngenxa kwe-copyright. Ngaphezu kwakho konke-ke siphathelene ukudunwa lapho ilayisensi abezindaba ne ifilimu noma ikhompyutha umdlalo basonta lonke corporation.

Crime okufanele ukukopishwa okungekho emthethweni kanye nokusatshalaliswa, elimaza ababambe ilungelo lokukopisha ukuthi sibaningi, ngokuvamile ukubaluleka zonke kwathengwa amakhophi emthethweni ngentengo ilayisensi.

Ngokwesibonelo, uma disc evamile nge-movie kubiza ruble 200, bonke abezindaba pirated ithengiswe bacabanga ngentengo efanayo.

Ukwephula amalungelo umuntu wemvelo

Ezimweni ngaphansi Art. 146 we Criminal Code akuyona kuphela ukusetshenziswa nomkhiqizo ngezinhloso zabo zabasebenzi zabanye abantu, kodwa futhi umonakalo. Ngo eNgxenyeni 1 yawo lo ilungiselelo amaphuzu umonakalo owenziwe welungelo ngezinga elikhulu. Kusho ukuthini? Njengoba kushiwo waphansi ku-athikili, semali - ukubaluleka wonke amakhophi edayiswa inani ruble ayizigidi 100. Labo abenza lobu bugebengu, lungekho ukuboshwa, njengoba kujwayelekile Criminal Code, ezimweni eziningi, kodwa kungase kube kuncike izinyathelo ezilandelayo:

- ahlawuliswe ama-ruble ayizigidi ezingaba ngu-200 (okungukuthi kabili kwenani umonakalo);

- Inkampani: saziso - kufika emahoreni angu-480; kwezimilo - izinyanga 12;

- ukuboshwa yizinsuku ezingu-180.

Ngakho, nakhu isabelo kuphela, ngaphandle lisakazeka.

Ukusebenzisa injongo ukudayiswa

Ngo Art. 146, h. 2 ka-Criminal Code sihlinzekela hhayi kuphela lesi sabelo njengethuba ukusatshalaliswa, imifanekiso, wokutholakala ifa into angaphandle kwe-copyright, yebo, ngaphandle kwemvume umdali, ngenhloso eyodwa wokusabalalisa. Kulokhu, uma leli qiniso is neshaya yacekeleka kwenziwe, abenzi bokubi bangase bahlupheke izinhlawulo ezilandelayo:

- inhlawulo kanye nokusiza umphakathi - esilinganayo njengoba engxenyeni yokuqala;

- ukusebenza: kwezimilo - kuze kube iminyaka engu-2; saziso - kuze kube iminyaka engu-2;

- isikhathi wangempela engu-2.

Kulesi sikhundla, (v. 146 h. 2 CC RF) kakade enikeziwe ejele Ngokungafani umthetho elula sabelo. Nokho, le nkulumo abakwazi ukunikeza izizathu yangempela futhi ngaphansi kwemibandela ethile. Konke kuncike ngezimo icala, izimfanelo ngokubambisana neNhlangano uphenyo, nezinye izinto ukuthi nokunciphisa isijeziso.

izimo Ikakhulukazi ngodlame

umthamo ngaphezulu Art. 146 CC RF - 3 h, obuhlanganisa izenzo ukwenza enikeziwe kuphela Ingxenye yesibili .:

• iqembu labantu abaye beza ndawonye kuphela ububi obenziwe noma baziphethe OPG;
• ngezinga elikhulu, okuyinto ichazwa waphansi isihloko futhi ruble 1 million;
• umuntu uye wasebenzisa isikhundla sakhe sabaprofethi.

Isijeziso lezi zigaba zihlanganisa lokhu okulandelayo:

- ophoqelelwe of iminyaka emihlanu;

- ejele cishe iminyaka engaba yisithupha; esihle ruble kuze kufinyelele 500,000 (noma ngaphandle kwalo).

overvaluation

umkhuba yeKambiso yobuciko. 146 we Criminal Code iqukethe Ezimweni ezinjalo lapho kubalulekile ukugcina eyayenziwe ulele izindleko amakhophi umsebenzi. Okuningi kuxhomeke ekutheni kukhona umkhiqizo okudayiswayo ilayisensi noma usunayo eyodwa.

Esimeni lapho amakhophi kakade isakazwe welungelo, akunzima ukubala umonakalo, kudingeka sivele uphindaphinde intengo ngamunye ikhophi ilayisensi yenomboro.

Uma intengo ayikahlanganiswa kunqunywa, kusukela into ayikatholakali ku abezindaba, umonakalo akunakwenzeka ukubala. Kulokhu, ukubaluleka kumele nifunde isisulu. Lokhu kwenzeka noma by Isifaniso ne kakade ukuthengisa izimpahla ezifanayo, noma "kusukela ophahleni."

Ngokungafani umonakalo kanye namalungelo

Ngaphezu kwalokho, izisulu zivame ukudida migomo uma usebenzisa into bese ukucabangela amandla izimo, noma kunalokho Yenza le mali. Ngokusho Art. 146 we Criminal Code alimaze amazwana - kuba lemali esimweni izimali asamukelanga welungelo, uma libathengisile zemikhiqizo yayo. Izindleko amalungelo i- - lawa izindleko okulesi wamalungelo selayisensi, ekusebenziseni amalungelo abo maqondana into, nokunye ..

Ngakho, ngokwesibonelo, eyabonisa Kwesinye isigameko lapho ngaphansi Art. 146 we Criminal Code equkethwe umusho isigwebo seminyaka 22 probation nge ahlawuliswe ama-ruble ayizigidi 20 ukudayisa mbumbulu akwazi ukugcina nesizotha. Kwavela ukuthi phakathi izimoto adayiswa kwaba ifilimu ukuthi ingakamiswa eyakhishwa ngo iqashwe. Kulokhu, umonakalo odalwe ukugcwaliseka kwakungenakwenzeka ukulinganisa, njengoba tape wayengakabi izinto ilayisense. Izindleko amalungelo wokusabalalisa enkampanini ifilimu balinganiselwa ku ruble ayizigidi ezingu-6.5.

ahlangene kwesokudla

Ngokwengxenye enkulu, kusukela izinkampani ifilimu, abamemezeli, kanye nezinye izinhlangano ukubhekana ukubekwa ulwazi noma iyipi imidya, akukho kwe-copyright, njengoba singasebenzi bona owadala umsebenzi, kanye eduze. Kusho ukuthini?

amalungelo ehlobene kwenza kube nokwenzeka ukukhiqiza kabusha, ukuphrinta, irekhodi futhi zenze neminye manipulations ngolwazi kombhali. Ngakho-ke, it is namanje wathi kuphelela lapho. Ukuze ukwazisa umphakathi mayelana yokuthi kukhona amalungelo anjalo umsebenzi, isithonjana ekhethekile (bheka. Photo ngezansi).

Ngakho, uma kukhona ukwephulwa kwamalungelo nombhali njengoba umuntu, ingasetshenziswa Article 146 isigaba 1, uma kukhona ukwephulwa kwamalungelo ezihlobene (copyright, kubandakanye uma kukhona isihluku) - Ingxenye 2 neye-3 womnyaka sihloko esifanayo.

inqubo Civil

Noma yimuphi inkampani noma umuntu, uma i-oda ukusetshenziswa imisebenzi copyright engahlonishwa, angafaka isicelo enkantolo anezimangalo. Isenzo lobugebengu iba esimweni lapho usayizi esikhulu nizoba noma kuyoba icala ikakhulukazi isihluku ehlinzekelwe ku Art. 146 n. 3 CC RF (ingxenye 3) kanye ukubaluleka ilungelo futhi umonakalo.

Nokho, uma intengo udaba ingeqi Criminal Code of yobukhulu enkulu, ungazama ukuxazulula inkinga ngokuthula, siqondise isimangalo bazisise irisidi.