Battle of Galicia ngo-1914 kafushane. Imiphumela impi Galician

Impi adumile Galicia kwaba yingxenye yomkhankaso Russian lempi ekuqaleni kweMpi Yezwe Yokuqala. Kuleli ukwahlukana indawo-Southwestern Front walwa-Austria-Hungary.

Isimo ngaphambi ukusebenza

IMpi Yezwe Yokuqala waqala lapho kuqala esiphuthumayo ibutho Empire Russian entshonalanga. Ingxabano Kwagqashuka ngokuzumayo, lonke dolobha zomhlaba kwaze kwaba usuku lokugcina enethemba ukugwema igazi. Noma kunjalo, juqu Austro-Hungarian eSerbia wayenze umsebenzi walo, futhi uNicholas II wakhipha Manifesto ku ekuqaleni kwempi. Ngenyanga yokuqala, ngosuku lomkhankaso kwaba izimpi okukhulu, kodwa futhi engakaze ibonwe isikali ukugqugquzela izakhamuzi hhayi kuphela. Abalimi babe ukuqeqeshwa esiphuthumayo waya phambi isikhundla futhi ifayela.

On obheke enyakatho ibutho Russian lahlasela yaseMpumalanga Prussia - sifundazwe German. Eningizimu ojenene yenkosi kwadingeka abhekane omunye abaphikisi --Austria-Hungary. Habsburg ohlanga kwaba sizana ezithembekile eJalimane, futhi manje kokubili kula mazwe kuhlelembisa izenzo zabo eMbusweni Romanov.

-Austria-Hungary Yizwe elikhulu, ke, phakathi kwezinye izinto, babehlanganisa Galicia, eBukovina, futhi Romania. Zonke lezi izifundazwe ekhoneni abayizithulu ezingxenyeni ezikude zombuso. ENtshonalanga Yurophu wayazi cishe lutho mayelana emaphethelweni - I-impucuko yabo yaphela eBudapest. Kwakulapho futhi kwakukhona impi Galicia.

indlunkulu Russian

Ukuze kusingathwe inkinga nge-Austria ngo-July 1914 eNingizimu-Western Front yasheshe aqine. Lokhu kusiza amasu kuhlanganisiwe wamabutho eziningana. Yaba induna wezikhali Gen. UNikolai Ivanov. Phakathi neminyaka engu-senkonzo yezempi, bekatsatsa eziningi imikhankaso ezibalulekile - impi Russian-Turkish e-Bulgaria, kanye empini Russian-Japanese.

Personality ukuthandwa ngokuvamile babejabulela edidayo. Ngokwesibonelo, u-Anton Denikin, wakhuluma ngaye ngokwakhe, akudingeki olwanele isu. Ibutho isiRashiya kwakuwulimi umbono owandile wokuthi zonke izimo abaphumelela nabahluleka oyinhloko kwakudingeka uMphathi Abasebenzi Mihailu Alekseevu.

Imibandela entsha zempi

Battle of Galicia, kanye nanoma yikuphi ukulwa empini, wabonisa ukuthi bonke esikoleni bese kwezempi nje yisikhathi. Ojenene Namanje baqondiswe izimiso yokutholwa ekhulwini XIX. Akukona acabangele ukubaluleka izinhlobo ezintsha izikhali - wezikhali kanye izindiza. Ngasekuqaleni kwawo-XX leminyaka, kakade mabutho isibe yinto yesikhathi esidlule, esabonisa ngokucacile kweMpi Yezwe Yokuqala. impi Galician nokuchitheka kwegazi, usizi aba nalo lapho kwaba nhlobo ngoba abantu besikhathi.

Shapkozakidatelskie kwemizwelo wambambezela bangaphambi impi bonke nezitha amazwe - eJalimane, e-Russia, France, njll Umbuso ngamunye wawunomuzwa wokuthi kuyoba sasivumela okusheshayo mashi ophoqelelwe ukunqoba isitha ... Ngokwesibonelo, e-Berlin, ngokuvamile okuthiwa yayisemngceleni isibonelo empini Franco-Prussian ka 1870-1871., Uma esingaphansi konyaka lonke ibutho French wahlulwa. Empeleni, kanye oMfelandawonye kanye Central Amandla wabhekana eside ekuhlatshweni okuthena amandla.

Ukwehluleka isiqondiso Polish

Qaphela ukuthi impi abuzange Galicia impi njengoba enjalo, kodwa wonke operation, ehlanganisa eziningana izimpi. Five wamabutho Russian iphansi kwesandla sika-Nikolai Ivanov waqala ukuhlasela kwakhe 5 Agasti (isitayela ubudala). uxhumano Multiple baya ehlukile. Kulesi phambi ububanzi babuyizingalo amakhilomitha 500. Inhloso yokuqala ecasula kwaba Lions, noma Lemberg German.

Army Ohlukene baya ahlukene entshonalanga. Impi yokuqala enkulu senzeka ngesikhathi Krasnikov, lapho Antonio Salza 4 Army wayebhekene ibutho Victor 1 Dunkley. I Austrians ehlaselwa amabutho phambili. Ngemva impi isikhathi eside futhi kanzima Salz ngaphambilini ukuhoxa kuya muzi osendaweni ebalulekile Lublin. Ngakho, ukuhlasela Russian on the front ingxenye Polish kuhlulekile.

Ngenxa yokwehluleka enyakatho Ivanov kwadingeka zishintshele ukwahlukana eziningana phezu flank we ethuthuka 1 yebutho Austria. I aqondisa wathatha uhlamvu kunezinxushunxushu. Bakhandwa nzima imigwaqo ompofu zonakale phambi indawo. amabutho Russian kusukela ekuqaleni isinyathelo sishaye bazihambisa ezindaweni eziningi kakhulu we okuhlaselayo. Futhi ngesikhathi ukusebenza, futhi ikakhulukazi ngemva kwalo, leli qhinga liye wagxeka.

mashi Russian ngasentshonalanga

Uma ibutho tsarist babengenalo inhlanhla e ngasenyakatho, Austrians yehlulekile isiqondiso emaphakathi. Le mpi esemqoka esifundeni senzeka ogwini Golden Linden. Habsburg ibutho ahlehla. Agasti 21 wawa Lions 22 Agasti - galich. I Austrians wazama ulwe yasemadolobheni amakhulu. ngezihluthu uya amakhilomitha 50 kusukela lezi izindawo. Ngo-September, ukubaleka yebutho Frantsa Iosifa kwaba asihlelekile nhlobo ukuthi kwakusengathi ekuchithweni.

Phakathi naleso sikhathi, yaseMpumalanga Prussia, amaJalimane sebephila abehlula ibutho Samsonov. I jikelele yena wayenokuqonda bazibulala bona, asikwazanga athwale amahloni. Lokhu kwenzeke ngenxa yokuthi ukuthi yaseMpumalanga Prussia-Russian eziqhutshwa kwamabutho amabili ahlukene by. Futhi uma eyodwa libhujisiwe, manje exhunywe kwi-impi yesibili ne Austrians, okwakunginika negalelo esengeziwe okuhlukumezayo eningizimu-ntshonalanga.

Ngo-September 13, sonke isifunda kwakuhlezi amasosha Russian. Yaphela kanjalo-ke impi Galicia ngo-1914. Ngemva kwalokho kulandele lokuvimbezela Peremyshl izinyanga eziningi, phakathi kwesikhathi lapho phambi phakathi kwemibuso emibili uhlaliseke kwaba amakhilomitha angaba ngu-120 entshonalanga yomuzi.

Inani

Le mpi onegazi Galicia, imiphumela okuyinto sobala ngemva kwempi, luveza a ukungakwazi ephelele yempi Austrian isinyathelo sezempi. Lokhu kwakubangelwa backwardness lobuchwepheshe, nokwentuleka kwezingqalasizinda izibalo engalungile Jikelele Abasebenzi. Army buqeda kusuka ngaphakathi ngenxa impikiswano kazwelonke. Iqiniso lokuthi bempi ayeyizinkulungwane hhayi kuphela Austrians futhi abantu baseHungary, kodwa futhi abameleli bezizwe Slavic. Babephethe amaCzech namaRomany, Slovaks, eCroatia. Abaningi babo mitholampilo okuyizona ezibalulekile Habsburg ohlanga, ucabangela emazweni awo matasa kuwo. Ngakho-ke, ibutho Austrian babe kaningi ukuhlubuka futhi kwathatha ohlangothini Russia. LwamaSlav wayenethemba lokuthi inkosi awazange ayiphule abakwaHabsburg kuphela, kodwa futhi kunikeza nenkululeko ezweni lakubo.

Yiqiniso, lo mbono wayengekho jikelele. Futhi phakathi amaCzech namaRomany babenegunya elikhulu royalists, owalwa ne oMfelandawonye kwaze kwaba sekupheleni impela. Ngaphezu kwalokho, impi ye-Galicia, ngamafuphi, zenzeka endaweni lapho impi uqalile nje, futhi bomnotho sasingakafiki hit inhlalakahle lamazwe alwayo.

Ukusabela Germany neRussia

Ukungakwazi simelane Austrians Russia kwaholela eqinisweni ukuthi amaJalimane Kwakudingeka basize umakhelwane wayo oseningizimu. On the Western Front, lapho impi wathatha positional, eJalimane baqala uthumele division yabo. Izinyathelo ezinjalo ziye zaba njalo kwaze ukusayinwa ukuthula nohulumeni wamaSoviet.

ERussia sekube umoya wokushisekela izwe, ikakhulukazi ngenxa ngesilinganiso esincane nomthelela impi Galicia. Konyaka impi yonke ezenhlalo wasekela emandleni obukhosi. Lapho phambi wayeka, futhi kuleli zwe obumbi bomnotho, abakhileyo umbuso yasishintsha umbono wakhe mayelana mkhankaso.

ukulahlekelwa amaqembu

I Austrians elahlekile izinkulungwane zabantu wabulala lalimaza 300, 100 ayizinkulungwane ithunjiwe. Izwe lidlule negagasi kabusha ukugqugquzela, ukuze ngandlela-thile isinxephezelo igebe okuholela ibutho. ukulahlekelwa Russian nabo bebekhona abalulekile. Abangaba yizinkulungwane 200 abantu kwalimala, omunye 40,000 bathunjwa.

Battle of Galicia (1914), ngamafuphi, bonke ezethusayo impi yabonisa uhlobo olusha. Ngemva kokudubula wezikhali amadoda wathola ukulimala enjalo, okuyinto akakaze ihlangabezane ukuhlinzwa ensimini. Isiphetho abesabekayo amasosha okwaholela ekuqaleni umkhankaso inkulumo-ze eRussia ukukhulisa imali zosizo. Ezweni lonke, wavula izibhedlela, lapho benakekela kwabakhubazekile entsha nabakhubazekile. Ngemva nje kancane kwalokho, umkhaya wasebukhosini ngaphambilini kuvulwa Sasebusika esibhedlela esikhethekile, lapho walimala Veterans, kuhlanganise nalabo abavela South-Western Front.