Beats - lokhu ... inhliziyo isigqi iziyaluyalu - izimbangela. Izimpawu yesifo senhliziyo

Beats - lena ukuphazamiseka lalivamile, ikakhulukazi uma iziguli esezikhulile. isimo esinjalo kuhambisana ukuphazamiseka evamile inhliziyo isigqi. Namuhla, abantu abaningi banesithakazelo nezindaba yiziphi izimbangela yale nkinga, yeka ukuthi kuyingozi kanjani ukuba impilo, kungaba.

Beats - kuyini?

Namuhla, inkinga efanayo baye babhekana imitholampilo iziguli. Ngakho lokho ishaya? Lesi sifo, okuyinto lihlotshaniswa izifo ezithile we isigqi inhliziyo. Nge isifo enjalo waphawula ukusikwa okungavamile (systole), noma wonke myocardium, noma izingxenye zalo ahlukene (isib Atria, le ventricles).

Beats - kuyinsakavukela noma usongo lwezempilo?

Yiqiniso, namuhla, abantu abaningi babhekana nenkinga efanayo. Ngakho yeka ukuthi kuyingozi kanjani kungaba yisifo? Eqinisweni, ukunciphisa okungavamile singenzeka futhi, eqinisweni, kwenzeka nganoma isiphi yobudala. Ngokwesibonelo, intsha ngokuvamile esekhala umuzwa oqinile inhliziyo ukuba ishaye lokhu amabhithi. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ngokusho izibalo, mayelana 80% abaseminyakeni engaphezu kuka-engamashumi amahlanu ngezikhathi uhlushwa gqwa Ukundindizela "unscheduled".

Siyini isizathu okuvela systole? Kwezinye iziyaluyalu wenhliziyo futhi izitsha Isimiso semithambo yegazi washintsha: kwakheka okuthiwa izilonda ethunjini, izindawo umsebenzi lenyuke. Ngokuvamile, ukuphazamiseka enjalo ivela endleleni we ventricles, Atria, engeyokuqala atrioventricular. Kuyinto lezi foci ethunjini ukukhiqiza pulses ezibanga zisaphila indlela e ukuphumula isigaba salo (diastole). Kubukeka sengathi ushaya. Lokhu ngenhlanhla kungaba yingozi kakhulu.

Yiqiniso, izikhathi kuvela amaza akuzona ibe usongo olukhulu empilweni yomuntu. Noma kunjalo, sixwayisa ngokusondela khona inkinga, ochwepheshe batusa iziguli enjalo ngonanzelelo indlela yabo yokuphila, balandele yokudla kanye ibhekane njalo siyohlolwa.

Ngakolunye uhlangothi, amabhithi njalo futhi kuthinte sonke umzimba. Phela, ngenxa ukusikeka ekuseni amaningi encishisiwe ekushayweni igazi, okuholela ukwehla nokugeleza kwegazi ebuchosheni futhi nemithambo yegazi yenhliziyo. Ezimweni ezinjalo, beats inhliziyo kuyingozi kakhulu, njengoba kungase kubangele ukulimala myocardium, yokufikelwa noma ngisho nokufa ngokungalindelekile kwesihlobo indoda.

Inhliziyo isigqi ukuphazamiseka: Izimbangela

Empeleni, kukhona izinto eziningi ezingasenza ekuhlaseleni arrhythmia kungenzeka. Ngokwesibonelo, inhliziyo isigqi thuthuva zingahlanganiswa ithonya ku umzimba ukuze namakhemikhali athile, kuhlanganise ukudla okuthile, iziphuzo, izidakamizwa, ngisho itiye eqinile noma ikhofi. Izinto eziyingozi ezingabangela i kusebenza futhi ukubhema. Functional inhliziyo amabhithi kungenzeka abesifazane esesikhathini.

Ngaphezu kwalokho, izimbangela zihlanganisa ezinye izifo, kuhlanganise osteochondrosis (ikakhulukazi yomgogodla wesibeletho), kanye dystonia semithambo, nezifo zengqondo zasezindaweni ezihlukahlukene, kanye nabanye.

Kunezinye izici ezingase zibangele le waphawula inhliziyo isigqi ngesiphazamiso. Izizathu lingaphathelaniswa ne izilonda organic we myocardium futhi uhlelo conduction. Ngokwesibonelo, ukuhlaselwa ngokuvamile kwenzeka iziguli abanokukhubazeka ezahlukene, kanye phezu Cardiosclerosis ingemuva, zenhliziyo, yenhliziyo Umthambo isifo, Izifo ukuvuvukala (myocarditis, pericarditis). Izinto ezibangela futhi zihlanganisa izifo ezifana hemochromatosis, sarcoidosis, amyloidosis, ngoba usesimweni esinjalo sokwenziwa kwezinto zibe ingozi eliphezulu umonakalo inhliziyo.

Attack of arrhythmia ngokuvamile kwenzeka ngokumelene okwenza zingenwa umkhuhlane eqinile. Ngaphezu kwalokho, umphumela ofanayo kungaholela ngokuphuza imithi ethile, kuhlanganise nalezo izidakamizwa caffeine, ephedrine, aminophylline, novodrin, futhi tricyclic antidepressant, izidakamizwa isisu futhi corticosteroids.

kwengcindezi enkulu ukucindezeleka ngokomzimba, ukuphazamiseka nasekulawuleni isilinganiso samaminerali kumaseli esivimba amanzi - konke okungase kubangele i ukusikwa kwaqina of imisipha yenhliziyo.

Ukwahlukaniswa ukwephulwa

Yiqiniso, namuhla kunezindlela eziningi ngezigaba izinhlelo, okuyinto enze kube nokwenzeka ukuba aqonde ukuthi yini beats - ngokwesibonelo, kuncike kwasendaweni foci ethunjini. Ngokuvamile waphawula ukwehluleka in the ventricles, engaphezu kwengu-60% eziguli ukuza udokotela nge kokutshelwa ngokukhubazeka kwengane.

Ngo-25% we waphawula amabhithi atrial. Okuningi kancane njalo thuthuva isigqi zenzeka ekhukhwini uxhumano atrioventricular, nangaphansi kwezimo ezinjalo, bebizwa atrioventricular. Ngaphezu kwalokho, kukhona inhlanganisela ezahlukene amafomu ngenhla.

Kwezinye izimo, eyinhloko itheku isigqi inakekelwa kanyekanye lapho kumiswa foci ethunjini, ukuhlukumeza okunjalo libizwa parasystole. Ukwephulwa ihlukaniswa futhi inani foci of excitation, angase kokubili mono- futhi polytopic.

Uma ushaya ezimbili zilandelana, basuke elibizwa abhanqiwe. Uma ukunciphisa okungavamile balandela isikimu "engaphezu kwemibili ilandelana," okungukuthi - volley amabhithi. Ngaphezu kwalokho, komgomo ezinjalo zihlukaniswe amaqembu kuye uma zenzeka ngesikhathi ukusikwa inhliziyo (lokhu ekuqaleni, maphakathi kanye sekwephuzile). Uma siyiqaphele ukuvama okuvela extrasystoles, angase ezingavamile (ngaphansi kwama-5 ukusikeka okungavamile ngomzuzu), eliphakathi (6 kuya ku-15) noma njalo (ventricular isb njalo extrasystole ephelezelwa engaphezu kwengu-15 ngaphezu kokuvamile ventricular Kufinyeta ngomzuzu).

Ngokwemvelo, kukhona uhlelo lapho arrhythmia libhekwa ngokuvumelana ivelaphi. Ngokwesibonelo, inhliziyo isigqi iziyaluyalu kungenzeka ukuthi umataniswe nge anobuthi izilonda organic noma izicubu, iziyaluyalu bokuphila.

Njengoba amabhithi kuboniswe?

Eqinisweni, izimpawu yesifo senhliziyo abakhona hhayi zonke iziguli, ngezinye izikhathi arrhythmia kunqunywa ithuba ngesikhathi electrocardiogram isimiso. Ngaphezu kwalokho, kukhona izinto eziningi ezingathinta lemali futhi ukuziyisa phambili izimpawu samanje. Ngokwesibonelo, iziguli ezinemishini izilonda organic we myocardium kungaba lula impela baphathe arrhythmia iziqephu, kuyilapho isithombe ngeziguli abantu nge dystonia semithambo ibukeka okuningi nzima.

Ngokuvamile extrasystole subjectively namuphi push oluqinile, ngisho beat inhliziyo esifubeni kusuka ngaphakathi. Kwezinye izimo, iziguli ukubika ukuthi bazizwa sengathi inhliziyo "iphenya" noma "iyaphenduphenduka". Imizwa enjalo ezihlobene nokusebenzelana ukuncipha eqinile, lisebenza futhi elibukhali myocardium.

Ezinye iziguli kanye arrhythmia kuhlasela kuthi akufane nokwenzeka izimpawu yenhliziyo Umthambo isifo noma angina. Arrythmia, lihlotshaniswa ngokuvamile izinguquko obusebenzayo ahambisana nezinye izimpawu. Ngokwesibonelo, iziguli esekhala ukujuluka yanda, uzizwa esifushane umoya, ukufikelwa ukushisa, eqinile, evele okwenzeka ubuthakathaka, ukungakhululeki. Ngezinye izikhathi kukhona futhi ofuna ukuphumela obala umuzwa ukukhathazeka, ngisho yokwesaba.

Zikhona nezinye izimpawu yesifo senhliziyo. Njengokuba nesiyezi. ventricular njalo amabhithi ngaphambi kwesikhathi noma atrial ephelezelwa ukwehla igazi okukhipha, elibangela lesi uphawu. In iziguli semithambo cerebral atherosclerosis arrhythmias enjalo kungaholela ukuphazamiseka ukugeleza kwegazi, ephelezelwa paresis, nakwisyncope, nezinye izifo kanye aphasia. Kunoma ikuphi, ukubonakaliswa uthi ezinjalo kufanele ngokushesha kudokotela, ngoba imiphumela ingaba yingozi kakhulu futhi kunzima.

Beats ebuntwaneni

Eqinisweni, amabhithi ezinganeni ngokuvamile kutholakala ukuthi uphethwe yini. Kungase uhlushwa ingane wanoma yimuphi yobudala, ngezinye izikhathi zalezi zinkinga ibhalisiwe ngisho phakathi kwengane esiswini. Ngokwezibalo, ezingaphezu kuka-75% izingane ntshashintshe uhlushwa inhliziyo isigqi iziyaluyalu. Futhi kule minyaka eyishumi edlule inani izingane lezi zinkinga liye landa kakhulu.

Ziyini izimbangela eziyinhloko of arrhythmias inhliziyo ezinganeni? Okokuqala kufanele kuphawulwe kwasekuzalweni futhi zenhliziyo. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ezivame kakhulu zihlanganisa myocarditis ezithathelwanayo, rheumatism isifo senhliziyo, zofuzo isifo uzimisele.

Kwezinye izimo, isifo ezihambisana iziyaluyalu athile endocrine kanye izinhlelo sezinzwa. Ngokwesibonelo, ukubukeka extrasystole kungabangela hypothyroidism noma isifo sikashukela. Ngakolunye uhlangothi, ingqondo izinqubo ezingamahlalakhona ukuvuvukala futhi ezithathelwanayo, kanye netifo ukuntula kanye nokuntuleka ezinye izakhi, ukucindezeleka kakhulu ngokwenyama noma ngokomzwelo. Kunoma ikuphi, ukuphazamiseka enjalo abadinga imishanguzo efanele. Njengoba yokuqagela, beats isilinganiso noma ezingavamile, okungasekelwe ephelezelwa izilonda eziphilayo inhliziyo, kubhekwa ifomu ophephile lesi sifo.

izindlela zesimanje uphethwe

Ngokwemvelo, kunezindlela eziningi ukuxilonga, kuhlanganise ECG. Extrasystole lapho isifundo esifanayo, ngokuvamile kuyabonakala. Nokho, inqubo zokuxilonga kungaqali nale. Ukuze uqale, udokotela kufanele ukuqhuba ukuxilongwa okujuli- oqala ukuqoqwa kolwazi. Isiguli kufanele wazise Uchwepheshe okuyinto izimpawu ubonakele, zihlasela kanjani okukhulu, kangakhi zenzeka.

Kubaluleke kakhulu ukuba kutholakale imbangela yokushona arrhythmias inhliziyo. Kuze kube yimanje, uya nemlandvo wetekwelashwa kwakhe, udokotela kufanele bazazi khona ezinye izifo, noma ukusebenzisa izidakamizwa. Iqiniso lokuthi umsuka kanye nohlobo izilonda inhliziyo conduction uhlelo kuncike kakhulu ukukhetha zokwelapha ngempumelelo.

Ngemva kwalokho, udokotela ngokuvamile uqhuba ishayela palpation ngesikhathi Umthambo osabalalayo. Lapho arrhythmia Uchwepheshe Ungashintshanisa wave ishayela ukuthi kwenzeka ngaphambi kwesikhathi. Ngezinye izikhathi, kunalokho, ephelezelwa arrythmia iziqephu 'kokuwa' ishayela ukuthi kwenzeka uma kukhona ukugcwaliswa enganele we ventricles ngesikhathi diastole.

Ngaphezu kwalokho labetibambile inhliziyo auscultation. Ngesikhathi ulalele, ungaphawula khona preterm I neyesi-II of amathoni. By the way, ngesifo ezinjalo, ithoni lokuqala luyaqina, okuyinto lihlotshaniswa ukugcwaliswa kancane ventricles. Kodwa ithoni yesibili, kunalokho, buthaka, njengoba ejection wegazi ku le-aorta ne-pulmonary Umthambo mancane kakhulu.

Ngemva kwalokho, udokotela uzothumela isiguli ukuze uqiniseke cardiogram inhliziyo. Lena ngenye yezindlela inembe kakhulu kunazo zonke zocwaningo. Kwezinye izimo, lokho okubizwa ngokuthi Holter ECG. Iyini inqubo? umzimba wesiguli unamathele idivayisi ekhethekile ephathekayo ukuqopha isigqi inhliziyo phezu kwezinsuku ezingu-1-2. Ngaphezu kwalokho, isiguli igcina idayari umsebenzi, lapho uchaza imizwa yakhe futhi benze izenzo. Ukutadisha okunjalo isetshenziswa uma udinga ukuthola ukuthi yini icuphe i arrhythmia.

Uma arrhythmias inhliziyo akuzange kwenzeke lapho esephumule, ukuqhuba ukuhlolwa eyengeziwe - a ergometry ibhayisikili futhi treadmill test. Lezizifundo enze kube nokwenzeka ukuba ulinganise ngezimiso (blood pressure) nokwenza i electrocardiogram ngesikhathi umsebenzi (ezifana ukuhamba ku-treadmill, umsebenzi ngebhayisikili emile). Uma usola ukuthi organic umonakalo esivimba amanzi in iziguli Kunconywa ukwenza i-ultrasound nama-MRI inhliziyo.

Indlela esiphatha ngayo arrhythmia?

Njengoba sekushiwo, ekwelapheni arrhythmia inhliziyo kuncike imbangela yayo. Ngokwesibonelo, uma arrhythmias elihlobene ne ukuthatha imithi ethile-ke, kusobala, kudingeka yesulwe. Uma ngezizathu amanga ukuphazamiseka wokugaya ukudla bese senhliziyo izinhlelo, isidingo sibaphathe kwasekuqaleni, futhi extrasystoles ukuhlaselwa uzonyamalala kanye nesifo eyinhloko.

Kwezinye izimo uphethwe kusiza ukuqonda ukuthi yini kwavela isigqi thuthuva ngaphansi kwesimo overstrain sezinzwa. Iziguli ezinjalo zibizwa kudokotela oyisazi sezinzwa ngezindleko zokubonisana kanye, njengoba umthetho, babelwa ukuba wamukele sedatives okuncane noma sine amakhambi izimali.

arrhythmias okungatheni futhi kuyaqabukela eyohlasela angadingi uhlobo oluthile lokwelashwa, iziguli Kunconywa ukuhambisana kuphela nezimiso ngendlela enempilo, futhi ngezikhathi ezithile ukuze kudlule luhlolo okuphindaphindiwe.

Uma ukuhlasela kwenzeke njalo, ephelezelwa iphika, ubuthakathaka kanye amagalelo eqinile ke, cishe, udokotela ayoyikhetha izidakamizwa ezifanele. Njengoba ojwayelekile, ukuqeda ukwephulwa okuthiwa enqunyiwe izidakamizwa antiarrhythmic, kuhlanganise lidocaine, sotalol, procainamide hydrochloride, diltiazem, quinidine, Cordarone, mexyl. Akunakusetshenziswa ingasetshenziswa awuwedwa, le mithi, njengoba umthamo kanye nokwamukela imodi ngabanye kakhulu. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ngezinye izikhathi izidakamizwa iqondiswa ngesikhathi zokuqapha Holter ECG, kusenza siqonde ukuthi isidakamizwa usebenza ngempela njengoba kufanele, futhi akavumi ukuba umzimba uma ine- umonakalo mkhulu.

Ngo imithi ekstrasistoliyah ingozi ukuthatha nje kokuhlasela seziphelile ngokuphelele, noma okungenani nenombolo yabo uzobe kuyehla kube sezingeni eliphansi. Ngemva kwalokho, inani izidakamizwa baqala kancane kancane ukunciphisa bese khansela ngokuphelele. Ngokuvamile, ukwelashwa okunjalo ihlala izinyanga ezimbalwa. Kodwa amafomu abulalayo ukwephulwa iziguli ukuthatha antiarrhythmics kukho konke ukuphila.

Ezimweni lapho le mithi azisebenzi, noma isiguli wembula ukungabekezelelani zabo, ukusebenzisa ezinye izindlela zokwelashwa, ngokukhethekile, radiofrequency ablation zenhliziyo. By the way, inkomba kule uhlobo oluthile lokwelapha futhi uhlobo ventricular arrhythmia, okuyinto kuhambisana izinkulungwane 20-30 ukuhlaselwa ngosuku. Lena inqubo yokuhlinza ohlobene kancane amasu koda. It Kwenziwa ngokusebenzisa ipayipi ekhethekile endovascular okuyinto okuhambisa a imisinga ephezulu imvamisa. Ngakho, dot electrode inhliziyo kuthinta izingxenye lapho abaphukile conductivity. Nge inqubo enjalo, ungakwazi ukuvimba ukudluliselwa sokugembula, "okungalungile" ishayela bese uqhubeka evamile itheku isigqi.

Imiphumela arrhythmias inhliziyo, futhi izibikezelo abagulayo

Onalesi sifo ngoba iziguli zincike ngqo nesifo futhi khona iziyaluyalu concomitant. Ngokwesibonelo, kuyingozi kakhulu kukhona amabhithi ukuthi ukuthuthukisa ku ngemuva kokuhlaselwa yisifo senhliziyo, zenhliziyo kanye umonakalo organic esivimba amanzi.

Kunoma ikuphi, ukungabi bikho kokukhanya usizo olufanelekile futhi ifike ngesikhathi kungaholela isisindo inkinga. Naphezu kweqiniso lokuthi iningi amabhithi kuyinto kungavamile ukuba ingozi, ngezinye izikhathi ukuthuthukisa kungemuva yayo kanye nezinye izifo eziyingozi, kuhlanganise tachycardia paroxysmal, fibrillation atrial futhi flutter atrial. Izimo ezinjalo kungaholela usibulale lesi siguli okungazelelwe.

Kukhona ezinye nezinye izinkinga ezihambisana beats. Kuyinto, okokuqala kunakho konke, izinkinga ne kwegazi kanye nokudla kwezicubu. Phela uma extrasystoles okuphindaphindiwe ivolumu igazi ukhiphe enhliziyweni ancipha kakhulu. Lokhu kuholela-mpilo yendlala ukuphazamiseka ukuzungeza evamile. Ngokuvamile ishaya kuholela ukuthuthukiswa ezingamahlalakhona ukwehluleka kwezinso, kwakheka imithambo yegazi yenhliziyo futhi palsy, okuholela yezinkinga nakakhulu.

izindlela zokuvimbela

Yiqiniso, isiguli abanezinkinga ezifanayo kufanele zibhaliswe ne wenhliziyo futhi ibhekane sokuhlolwa njalo. Indlela eyinhloko ekuvimbeleni yezinkinga eziyingozi arrythmia iyona nokuphatha kahle lesi sifo eyinhloko. Abantu abagulayo kudingeka siqiniseke ukuthatha imithi enqunyiwe nguchwepheshe, kanye ukuhambisana nesimiso futhi lwemithi. Ngaphezu kwalokho, izinga lenhliziyo izifundo njalo ziyadingeka, ngoba lokhu kwenza udokotela ithuba ulandele ijubane ukuthuthukiswa sifo kanye umphumela kadokotela.

Ngokuqinisekile iziguli uzodinga ngokuphelele uhlaziye yokuphila. Noma yimuphi iziyo zidinga uhlobo olukhethekile lokudla. Ukuyeka ukubhema, utshwala ne-caffeine liyadingeka. Futhi-ke, i-umsebenzi esimiso senhliziyo nemithambo yegazi izoba wusizo nokuvivinya umzimba ngendlela elinganiselayo, ukuhamba emoyeni opholile.

Kufanele ukhulume usizo lokuqala. Ukuhlasela ishaya ngokuvamile kwenzeka ngokuzumayo. Isiguli kufanele ulala uphumule. It is ibuye Kunconywa ukuhlehlisa izinkinobho phezulu leyembe lakhe, Uzithukululile uthayi wakhe nebhande, ngamanye amazwi, ukususa zonke izithiyo kungenzeka ukuthi liphazamisane ukuphefumula. Uma kuhlasela nawukucindezeleka, it ovunyelwe ukuthatha inani elincane umuthi sine. Kungcono ukubiza i-ambulensi, ngoba imiphumela ingaba arrhythmia yingozi.