David Cronenberg, a filmmaker futhi screenwriter: Biography, lokusungula

Mhlawumbe ibhayisikobho ethusayo kumqondisi emhlabeni odumile uDavide Cronenberg uyazi konke. Yena - indoda ugqozi lokusungula. Kusukela ekuqaleni umsebenzi wayo ekuhleleka kwesinema (1975) UDavid, omunye ngemva komunye wathatha nesishiyagalolunye eyingqayizivele ohlelweni yobude obuphelele amafilimu, ngasinye ngokucophelela ifilimu a baxgeki ngamgcina yimiphi isitembu umqondisi sika ngofuzo umsebenzi odlule. Ukuhlonishwa wayeyisazi ngomunye wabaqondisi yasekuqaleni kakhulu cinema ezimele waphathiswa kuye ukuba ngihole amajaji we Cannes Film Festival ngo-1999.

Nokho, le ndaba-ke, ngokuvamile uqale nge Biography.

Abakwamanye amazwe e kwesizukulwane sesithathu

David Cronenberg wazalwa 15/03/1943 eToronto. Uyisemkhulu, i abakwamanye amazwe e isizukulwane sokuqala, umJuda wase-Lithuanian, wazala igama Foreman. Nokho, bahamba ngomkhumbi baya eCanada, uyise ngokushesha washintsha yona Konenberg. Kungenzeka ukuthi wayefuna ukuba bakopele ukudalelwa? Phela, isakhamuzi ezinonileyo igama lezwe lakhe kwakungu Leopold Kronenberg. Umkhulu engumthengisi endaweni entsha wadala elincane nomkhaya ibhizinisi (sezincwadi), okwakunginika kaDavide uyise. Noma ethola ohod kusukela izitolo, uye futhi wasebenza ephephandabeni "Toronto Telegams" intatheli. Umama umqondisi ikusasa lemfundo kwaba umculi. Yena ephelezelwa abadansi ku-ballet i-Canadian.

Isifundo. Passion cinema

Ngemva kokuphothula umatikuletsheni, uDavide Cronenberg waya e-University of edolobheni lakubo. Kube wembula igxilephi zezenhlalakahle. Ngo izifundo umfundi adluliselwe ubuhlakani, lapho afundela khona wesayensi e-Faculty of English izincwadi, iziqu ngo 1967.

Eyunivesithi, uDavide waba nesithakazelo ebhayisikobho. Kwathi ngengozi. Omunye wabangane bakhe uthi wenza ifilimu emfushane mayelana ofunda nabo. Cronenberg usibukele umxhwele. Wakhangwa kungenzeka ukuguqulwa engokoqobo esebenzisa ebhayisikobho.

Ekuqaleni srezhessiroval futhi iqondiswa amafilimu amabili amafushane: "Kusukela Drain" (1967) kanye "Hambisa" (1969).

nefilosofi ehlukile lokusungula

David wayengakholelwa ukuthi uNkulunkulu ukhona, wayengafuni ukuba amukele imfundiso ye isimo saphezulu yomuntu. ubuntu Creative bakhangwa eqolo kwengqondo nomzimba kuguquka abantu. Developing yasungulwa umkhuba eyingqayizivele ebhayisikobho, intokazi umqondisi ifilimu, ngokusobala, isekelwe esimisweni "ningakholwa amehlo akho." Student uDavide Cronenberg embuzweni okusobala nasolwazini womuntu dofantazirovat ebonakalayo, wasinikeza a imvelo ongaqondakali futhi engaqondakali. Wasungula inqubo yokubala umbono legumbi ngobuhlakani bakho esizayo, uthi noma yimuphi umuntu kufana uhlanya usosayensi, nokuphila nxazonke, kuyinto laboratory ucwaningo.

ifilimu ungungoti

Ukulandela amabhayisikobho akhe amabili amafushane - "Stereo" (1969) kanye "Crime Yesikhathi Esizayo" (1970) - idale ngokuhambisana umqondo okuhleliwe. UDavide wahlakulela isihloko ukushintsha izakhi zofuzo okuqondiswa womuntu, ukuyivula amakhono angaziwa, ukusonteka sakhe sengqondo. Okungavamile kanzima ukubeka esikhungweni yomsebenzi wakhe sifisa filmmaker Canadian, futhi lokhu, ngakolunye uhlangothi, njengomuntu ubuhlanya.

Kodwa-ke, niyabo, uNkulunkulu uyazi lapho wabeka nomngcele ophakathi futhi ungungqondongqondo lokugula ngengqondo. UPlato okuthiwa yi-human umcabango delirium pha okuvela phezulu. Ngokusho abafundi bakhe, isazi sefilosofi esingumGreki u yena babeba nezingxoxo ezinde othile ongabonakali. Engingakusho nje kokukhumbula Umlandvomphilo lokusungula kwabanye. Ngempela, ngokusho idatha yesayensi yanamuhla, Dostoevsky ngengqondo ukugula kubhekwe (ifomu okunzima isithuthwane), Gogol (bayasangana). Ngezikhathi kusukela ubuhlanya (lokhu kuqinisekiswa izingxoxo) iphathwa nenkosi etemibhalo eshaqisayo Stiven King.

Enye into ngaphandle kokungabaza: imfundamakhwela Umqondisi David Cronenberg wadala imihlaba yabo, bizarrely kokuguqula esibukweni sibonakalisa womuntu imvelo zimo.

Eyokuqala sici ifilimu

1975 uphawula esigabeni esisha e lokusungula umqondisi sika. On cinema izikrini ezikhishwe sici yakhe ifilimu wokuqala "amajaqamba". David Cronenberg (ukuzingela Ihlathi ekuthunjweni) buthelela izimali ibhajethi ifilimu. iskripthi yakhe isitshela indaba usosayensi uhlanya nofuzo owanikhuphula izimuncagazi omusha wabantu ezithinta ekuqiniseni umsebenzi ubulili babantu. Uhlala omunye esiqhingini yokuhlala, edude Montreal. Umuzwa wokuqala yenzeka we amagciwane ukhiqiza mbumbulu isazi indlovukazi yakhe. Nokho, ngokushesha leso simo ephuma control - siqhingi kuqubuka ubhubhane lonke ejika izakhamuzi ezigcina umthetho e abanukubeza izingane ngokobulili enobudlova.

womculo Filmography Cronenberg

Ngenxa yalesi akuyona ngaphandle amaphutha movie empeleni kuvela uDavide Cronenberg. Zibhaleni phansi e ngomzuzu wamanje, njengoba sekushiwo, has izinto nesishiyagalolunye kusukela "amajaqamba" (1975) ukuba "Star Amakhadi" (2014).

Nokho, e-"amajaqamba" wazibonakalisa njengomqondisi yangempela. Tinkhulumiswano ukubuyisana. Kukhona leitmotif we ifilimu: i-indida. imizamo Kubonakala abadlali. Yonke into engathuthukisa isimo uthathwe umthamo njengobujamo ifilimu ezishibhile, kwenza uDavide Cronenberg. Filmography umqondisi iyamangalisa ngempela. Njengoba singabona, ngemva impumelelo ifilimu wokuqala yomqondisi abasha lingazange liligcine azithele ngabandayo, futhi ngifuna ukutholakala entsha yesitayela indlela yokuqala yokukhuluma.

Kwabe sekulandela i-search of isitayela ezilandelayo ezintathu amafilimu isabelomali. Futhi ekugcineni, ngo-1981, wathola kuye yosesho zokudala. Kube yimpumelelo ecacile: movie "Izikena", adalwe lokho okwabhalwa umqondisi yena simo, bamyisa ukuqashelwa emhlabeni cinema. Uhlobo imidwebo ochwepheshe abafanelekayo kuyadida, ukushaya kuqhume ingxube umphenyi, ukwesaba, yesayensi, horror ukushaqeka (simo ezixoxwa ukudalwa ongacabangi wesintu omusha ngenxa lokuhlolwa ezithaka imithi).

Lapho ubheka ikusasa, simelela Filmography ephelele umqondisi. On ke sizoxoxa ngokwengeziwe.

Amafilimu 80s. Yisakhiwo sodumo ifilimu "The Dead Zone"

Umqondisi David Kronenbergstal liyabonakala emisebenzini yakhe ku uzwakele lezi zinkinga nezokusigcoba. Str waqala ngempela ukuba zithonye ukuphila komuntu. Ngokuvamile izibukeli ezimi ngokungagwegwesi balindele imisebenzi amasha nge zokudala Canadian mayelana efanayo manje Russian ekufundeleni uzothola elinye inoveli by Victor Pelevin. Futhi umbhali akazange ukudanisa kubo. amafilimu wakhe olandelayo, "Videodrome", abamangala ngayo umbono ukujula umqondisi izinkinga zenhlalo, imenze inkampani ithelevishini commercial kanye nabezindaba. Ukudalula siphathelene ukujula Okubukwe wesandla wizadi. Film umhlaziyi, wamshaya ezingeni ekugwemeni izingozi kusengaphambili enjalo wakwazi computer ngokweqile.

Futhi "zone efile" sonyaka ozayo, Cronenberg ifilimu kusekelwe noveli uStefanu King, ngokuwina imiklomelo emibili ngamazwe emikhosini. Abagxeki ushayele le kinorabotu engcono horror ifilimu ngo-1984. Chaza kafushane indaba LE NCWADI ephawulekayo. esikoleni sabaqalayo Dzhonni Smit, isakhamuzi Maine, singena embi yemoto. He is equlekile iminyaka emihlanu. Ekugcineni, esanguluka, Smith uthola isipho sakhe: ikusasa abanye abantu okwabonakala kuye ngendlela ecacile neqondakalayo.

Nurse, ukunakekelwa ngaye, uJohnny likhomba usengozini ofayo okusongelayo indodakazi yakhe. Ngokushesha ngemva kokubuyela umama ekhaya ephethe ukulondoloza ingane kusuka umlilo.

Smith ungakulungele ngokwenqondo ukuguqulwa kwakhe. I ukuya abasolwa udokotela babhebhethekise isifo sokuphazamiseka kwengqondo, elihlola isiguli, uthatha isandla sakhe ... bese ubona esidlule. Ebona impi, le ntokazi wanika ingane evacuates abantu emotweni ukushiya. Doctor washaqeka ke - nonina, wayesaphila (kuze kube yileso sikhathi ecabange efile)!

Johnny akazi ukuthi ukuphila ne isipho sakhe. Kuye intombi yakhe emuva, namanje uthando naye. Nokho, lokhu okulandelayo kwenzeka kuye umlando iziphetho sokugcina ukulinganisela kwaso ongagxilile engqondo. Amaphoyisa sikusebenzise njengoba ngemilingo e uphenyo zokubulala serial abesifazane abasebasha. Kungazelelwe, phakathi isilingo okuphenya, iphini eshiya. Dzhonni Smitu livela kumuntu osekhonze, futhi kanye sikaZwelonke eya ekhaya. Izivakashi ezivela embundwini wendlu imililo umama umsizi, kodwa ageje, futhi shot impendulo sikaZwelonke ilungile. Lapho engena endlini, kanye babiza iphoyisa, Johnny ubona yena protknuvshego sikelo indodana yakhe - a Maniac, ukudala kuze kube manje lezi zokubulala esabekayo.

Ubizwa ishaqekile kwenzekeni isikhali isiphetho ... Smith iba 'idla yodwa, bazinza emkhukhwini. Kepha inkazimulo womuntu akusho ningamniki ukuphumula, abantu baya kuye ukuze bathole iseluleko. I inkomba ehluleka ukuvimbela enye inhlekelele: indoda, yaguquka, silondoloza indodana yakhe, ababelele ngokusebenzisa iqhwa.

Isibukeli umlutha ngempela futhi likhiphe "zone efile." Le filimu, wadala ngenxa umsebenzi ngokuhlanganyela uStefanu King noDavide Cronenberg, kuye kwavela indaba ethakazelisayo futhi okungavamile.

Kodwa uphela kabuhlungu. Sarah, sithandwa sami, Johnny, baba sokuzithandela umkhankaso wokhetho we ukhetho enguMengameli waseMelika. Ubani weza emhlanganweni nge abavoti ikhandidethi Stillson uyakhonza abantu ngesandla, kuyilapho ngokuthinta, kanye protagonist ifilimu. Ubona ikusasa lakhe: waba ngumengameli, ikhandidethi ziyoyidedela World War III.

John uyaqaphela ukuthi wawuyini umsebenzi wakhe ngesikhathi manje global - ukuba ngisindise izwe. Kodwa lokhu kufanele ukubulala Stillson. E., uthisha kwezingane, kubalulekile ukuba baphule umyalo kaNkulunkulu ( 'You cha dlulisa! ") Predictor othola esibucayi ngokomoya, kodwa wanquma ukuthatha lesi sinyathelo. Ikakhulukazi kusukela uyazi ukuthi imizamo yakhe uyophumelela. Kodwa naye akakuboni imininingwane ...

Nokho, asilandelwanga shot ukuthi. Lapho uJohane ehosha isibhamu, alibeke ngasesitha ngemuva ingane Sara Stilson. Kungenzeka ukuthatha izithombe intatheli, futhi lanyathelisa isithombe umfakisicelo ebhubhisa career ke kuyisunduzele ezingenathemba zingakhetha ukuzibulala.

I ngaphambi lokuvikeleka kwezifiso ezisemqoka ezingumphumela ikhandidethi uthisha. Bavula umlilo phezu kwayo, elambulala. UJohn washona ngaphambi kokuba wakwazi ukuchaza ukuthi kwakwenzekeni ozithandayo.

Ukwanda udumo, ukukhula kwesabelomali le filimu

Kwaba yimpumelelo! Uzenzela isinqumo: nge budget ka "esishintshashintshayo abafileyo" $ 10 million ibhokisi ehhovisi ngenzuzo e-US kuphela zaba angaphezu kwezigidi ezingu-20! Umhlaba umbukeli, njengoba yaziwa, ukhokhele Dollars kwezigidi ezingu-20.. Le filimu ubizwa ngokuthi njengoba iqembu engcono izinto ezesabekayo ngenxa nyaka, has imiklomelo kusukela kinokonkursov ngamazwe.

Ngemva kwalokhu filmstrip omunye umqondisi ngabe azithele ngabandayo. Nokho, unganqandeki emsebenzini wakhe Devid Kronenberg. Amafilimu ngaye - kungcono ukuphila kwakhe. Imali okuholela acabanga hhayi njengendlela umthombo nokunonophala, kodwa kuyindlela ukuze uthole izimali ukudala ama-movie amasha. Ngu amazinga abantu abavamile, yena - ". The Fly" nje ngokweqile ... inzuzo "Methven zone" umqondisi oshiseka phansi "ukusha" emsebenzini wokukhiqiza ashisa izikhotha entsha Oh, le movie kubonakala bheka emhlabeni wonke ... Ucabanga (by Isifaniso nge nekusebenta ifilimu odlule), ukuthi engenayo evela "Izinambuzane" wenzé kwezigidi ezingu-40 zamaRandi? A 60 ungafuni?!

90s. Ukwamukelwa imiklomelo

Emva "Fly" Igama elithi Davide Cronenberg kuba brand emhlabeni. Phakathi neminyaka eyishumi edlule kwekhulu lamashumi amabili, a filmmaker self-wafundisa afakiwe neyaziwayo futhi zihlaba umxhwele. Wakwazi zonke! Waqala ukusebenzisa izinhlobo futhi ngempumelelo. Uilyam Berrouz adunyiswe lithathelwe ifilimu ka dystopian "Lunch Naked" yakhe. Ngo-1990, okuyinhloko wazama lithathelwe yakhe play by G. Hwang. Wakwazi ukususa isilinganiso ifilimu "Mma Butterfly", isazi ayibonwa. Yiqiniso, enza kanjalo, futhi uhlobo intandokazi eshaqisayo amafilimu. Le filimu "Crash," esekelwe imisebenzi by James Ballard, iletha umklomelo onguMqondisi Cannes.
Ngo-1999, umqondisi inombolo 1 UDavide Cronenberg ubelokhu eqashelwa emhlabeni. Filmography Maitre agcwaliswa lwezinhlangano ezingathandwa ezibhekwa ifilimu "eXistenZ". Umbhali wakwazi ukubonisa inqubo kanjani umqondo womuntu uwela ogibeni computer ngokoqobo virtual futhi iqala ukuba angene esikhundleni ke emhlabeni wangempela.

Wayephathiswe amabombo amajaji we Cannes Film Festival. Futhi ubuchitha nomvuzo ihlazo kakhulu wonke umlando mncintiswano, ngishaya amakhosi alunikeza imiklomelo Wabasaqalayo. Phela, Cronenberg, waqala uhambo lwakhe nge izindleko amafilimu, kukhona eyodwa kuphela nenqubomgomo lokusungula: ithalente e injalo elicwengekileyo. Ngakho ukuthi "izinkomo engcwele cinema" ngalutho kodwa ukwenza ubuso omuhle ku umdlalo embi.

Amafilimu kwekhulu omusha kusuka Cronenberg

Ngo-2002, iChamber Thriller minimalist "Spider" kwaba yisendlalelo lonke mncintiswano pogramma Cannes Film Festival. Iseluleki ukuhlolisisa Dostoevsky kwafaka ababukeli ekujuleni psyche womuntu. Zigcwele bayasangana Dennis Clegg jikelele kuncike Oedipus eziyinkimbinkimbi. Le filimu kunikeza umbono elingaphandle isimo yithemba lokuphila protagonist.

Inscrutable izindlela zabo lokusungula. Ubugebengu idrama "ethi A History of Udlame" (2005), esekelwe inoveli D. Wagner uqokelwe "Oscar". amafilimu Okwalandela ayeqondiswe by cash, kodwa kuphela 2014 ifilimu-allegory "ibalazwe lezinkanyezi" waklonyeliswa "Oscar". Ibonisa amakhosi okudala Eminyakeni yamuva, kancane kancane lasuka isihloko zofuzo, ukugxila izikhonzi phansi yefilosofi wesibili.

Umqondisi abanamakhono futhi owayevelele njengenceku umbhali. Akukona usukhathele ukubamangaza izici eziningi isipho wokudala kaDavide Cronenberg. "Ukudla" - nje kokuqala inoveli yakhe, kodwa umbono uhlala esibayeni zakudala lapho ufunda. Abafundi baye babone ulimi hhayi oyedwa kuphela ifilimu Canadian ukhuluma ephelele. iqopha yakhe inoveli igcina umfundi ingaqiniseki ngokulandelana ukusuka kweyokuthoma ukuya ekhasini eledlule.

esikhundleni isiphetho

Kuyini ezithakazelisayo umphakathi jikelele iqondiswe Devid Kronenberg? Eqinisweni, yena self - wafundisa. Musa ukulungiselela abathweswe iziqu amanyuvesi etemibhalo ukwenza amafilimu. uma uvinjelwe? Cishe akukho. Kwakungisiza. Kungenxa yokuthi akekho wamtshela uDavide, kanjani futhi yini ukudubula, wayehamba ngemisebenzi siqu indlela yabo ehlukile.

Isifaniso nge A. S. Pushkinym, owayeneminyaka ingane engathandwa emkhayeni, ngakho iminyaka engu-9 kwakushiyelwa yena (ngesikhathi esifanayo umfowabo "yamba" ubaba, udade - umama). Lokho kwakwanele ukuba ngibeke isisekelo ubuhlakani ...