Esiko Temple of Horus at Edfu - isikhumbuzo abathwele impucuko yeGibhithe lasendulo

Amathempeli asendulo Egypt eyakhelwe ukukhulekelwa konkulunkulu, Sinesithakazelo esikhulu ososayensi emhlabeni wonke. Yonke imininingwane iye ababulawa ngokuhambisana izinkolelo izakhamizi.

izakhiwo zenkolo eyayisekhona ukuheha inani Amazing of izivakashi, ngaleyo ndlela ukubanjwa bajwayelane impucuko esidlule.

Excellent sezigidigidi walondoloza

Indaba yethu namuhla sizogxila kahle walondoloza ethempelini omkhulukazi, elisendaweni eseningizimu yeGibithe. Isakhiwo ngobukhulu zenkolo elalinikezelwe kunkulunkulu elekhanda uheshe noHorus (noHorus). Lokho bokwakhiwa kwezindlu zayo lasendulo likhishiwe njengesibonelo ekuklanyweni endlini waseGibhithe eMoscow Museum of Fine Arts iqanjwe Pushkin.

Temple of Horus at Edfu latholakala 1860 by uhambo French bemivubukulo ngaphansi kokuqondisa O. Marieta. Umgcini egumbini laseGibhithe Louvre akwenzele umsebenzi omkhulu wokuhlanza isakhiwo futhi ifake isandla ekubuyiselweni kwalo.

Yimani niqonde ethempelini iminyaka engaphezu kuka-180 ubudala

Leli thempeli kuyinto ezikhumbuzo ezibaluleke kakhulu emlandweni waseGibhithe lasendulo. Ososayensi bakholelwa ukuthi leli kosuku isakhiwo sayo kwaba 237 BC, futhi ukwakhiwa kwenziwa ngesikhathi kubusa wonke Ptolemaic lwamakhosi futhi yathatha iminyaka cishe 180 edlule.

Zonke amathempeli waseGibhithe lasendulo lalinabashumayeli izici zakudala ababe esivela isiko kwesikhathi okusha Kingdom. Sanctuary anikezelwe noHorus, lavuselelwa kaningana, ngisho nombusi waseRoma Awugustu nomthelela ukuguqulwa ethempelini.

isakhiwo izakhiwo

Kuzo zombili izinhlangothi nomnyango umbhoshongo omkhulu, okuyinto kubhekwa esingesesibili ngobukhulu e-Egypt. Kulandele i egcekeni ezivulekile, manje nayo yayibiyelwe ngodonga encane, aphethwe ukulalelwa jikelele, kanye nezakhamuzi zendawo uzwakalise izikhalo zabo kanye nezikhalo.

Emnyango ethempelini noHorus e Edfu kume isithombe imitha emithathu kankulunkulu ngesimo ukhozi zaqoshwa ngezisebenzi eyenziwe black egwadle. Ngokusebenzisa asekelwe amakholomu mahholo izigcawu lomhlatshelo, indlela amanga engcwele main lapho esifanekisweni khona unkulunkulu. Ayemaningi kuphela ungeniswe abapristi omkhulu faro.

Ehlotshiswe izigcawu kusuka nokuphila kukaNkulunkulu izindonga ophahleni

Izindonga zangaphakathi nezangaphandle ehlotshiswe izigcawu yokuzalwa noHorus (noHorus) ku kwabanye onkulunkulu bamasiko baseGibhithe lasendulo, somshado Hathor, ukuzalwa Harsomta indodana, ezingqubuzana ezinkulu zokulungiselela unkulunkulu uSeti , futhi ukunqoba kwakhe, futhi wokugcotshwa umbusi ezweni. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ungakwazi ukufunda umbiko ukwakhiwa yayo sethempeli, kunemibhalo ubone ikhalenda wendawo.

High, Uphahla lwangaphakathi imitha-37 ezingaphezu kuka ephakeme yethempeli ahlotshiswe izithombe umbusi lempi uPtolemy VIII izigcawu, olubheka unkulunkulu yaseHori.

Ezibalulekile Ezingafundwa izinhlamvu isayensi

Imibhalo Eqoshiwe engcwele futhi imifanekiso sculpted kukhona ezibaluleke kakhulu ngezazi zezilimi waseGibhithe, njengoba bamele enkulu iqoqo Character zangenkathi yamaGreki namaRoma.

Ziyakwazi uhlu lwezincwadi ku ukwakhiwa, ukufunda izinkanyezi, geography atholakele, ayesetshenziselwa kwabaseGibhithe. Okufakiwe wokufunda incazelo efihliwe of olinganise isakhiwo esakhiwe ngokuhlwaya emithombolwazini kwezihloko wasenganekwaneni. Kuyaziwa ukuthi ukusungulwa lethempeli ladatshulwa asetjentiselwe kuba sisekelo incwadi Imhotep, wahlanganyela ukwakhiwa ithuna likaFaro Djoser. Futhi uchaza zokupheka okwenza impepho nokubhema imisindvo ezisetshenziswa emkhosini wokushisekela imfihlo.

Itabernakele main

Ekupheleni ethempelini lizungezwe amakamelo nambili engcwele egwadle, kuhlanganisa izihloko unkulunkulu okuyinto amaGreki ukubizwa Apollo. Izinceku ukugeza wakhe, nigcobe izinongo, bembethe futhi ujabula. Ukuthi kwakukhona indawo emhlatshelweni oyisiko. Uma ethuneni egwadle kwaba Rook Eternity Intaba.

Painted ku zenkolo isihloko amakamelo oluzungeze indawo engcwele ukuze esifanekisweni kuhlanganisiwe ikamelo ngomthandazo, futhi ezinye zazo zanikezelwa Osiris.

ukuvakashelwa zasemshadweni Hathor esifanekisweni

Izinceku ethempelini Dendera, okhonza Hathor, njalo ehlobo wathumela esifanekisweni kwayo isikebhe ekhethekile emicikilishweni elise phakathi Aswan futhi Luxor Edfu (Egypt). Ngakho umkakhe inflicted ukuvakashelwa zasemshadweni Mount umyeni othandekayo. Futhi njalo ebusuku abapristi wasala yedwa onkulunkulu abakhulu.

indawo edume

Ithempeli umxhwele noHorus at Edfu, ngokuphindaphindiwe kabusha esikhathini kusuka III ukuba mina ekhulwini BC, eyakhelwe endaweni edume. Ngokusho yetinsita unkulunkulu lusizi lapho kufa uyise u-Osiris kanye wafuna izoziphindiselela osibulele ekhohlisayo. Lapha kulapho ukulwa senzeka noHorus futhi uSeti, okuyinto won futhi engumxhasi oFaro.

Iqiniso liwukuthi ithempeli elihle kakhulu futhi ezinhle kakhulu - hhayi lokuqala elakhiwa endaweni. Esokuqala kwaba esiku ukwakhiwa eqhugwaneni Welukwa utshani, futhi penultimate, kakhulu eliphansi in usayizi, wanqwabelanisa sandstone.

Temple of Horus at Edfu njengenhlangano lesikhumbuzo yezakhiwo kanye umlando ukunakwa esizifanele zezivakashi ezivela emhlabeni wonke lasendulo, njengoba ehlushwa ezikhathini oFaro omkhulu nemibhoshongo engaqondakali. Ngokuphelele ithempeli ezigcinwe ingamboziwe izimfihlo eziningi inzalo abanesifiso yesulwe impucuko.