Game Programming: Uhlelo, ikakhulukazi ukudalwa kanye nezincomo

Ngokuqinisekile wonke ungumdlali okungenani kanye empilweni wacabanga mayelana nokudala owakho umdlalo phrojekthi. Ngaphezu kwalokho, abaningi ngisho angathoma ukwenza ukunyakaza ahlukahlukene kule ndawo. Kodwa ngokuvamile, ngemva kwesonto noma geymdev amabili amajuba, abhekene nezawo izinkinga ezithile, ezifana yokuntula ulwazi aphansi, uyazikhohlwa echaze iphupho, futhi uhlezi ukudlula Bhalobhasha esilandelayo. Yin'indaba? Ingabe imidlalo uHlelo - kunjalo isikhathi esiningi futhi engaqondakali abafayo abavamile inqubo? Impendulo yalo mbuzo ungayithola ezitholakala kulesi sihloko.

umdlalo Development

Singasho kugcwale umlomo ukuthi izinhlelo umdlalo - omunye imisebenzi eziqine emkhakheni IT. Iqiniso liwukuthi ukudala iphrojekthi omuhle, kufanele ube ngempela isamba olubanzi ulwazi. Ngokwesibonelo, udinga ukwazi izilimi eziningana, ukwazi ukubhala ikhodi elula futhi kuyaqondakala lapho akukho engadingekile, njll Kungenxa yalesi sizathu ukuthi ukuthuthukiswa kwe-amageyimu geymdev ithimba elikhulu, esakhiwa amakhulu ochwepheshe emikhakheni ehlukahlukene.

Yiqiniso, kunokuningi okungakhulunywanga ngakho ngokuqondene nalo mthetho. Ngokwesibonelo, uhlelo owaziwa UMarkus "Notch" Persson has olulodwa-handedly wadala "Maynkraft" - umdlalo ingenye amaphrojekthi enenzuzo kakhulu e iminyaka engu-10. Kodwa ukuze athuthukise into efana nale, kufanele ube umpetha yangempela ensimini yabo futhi babe nakho omkhulu.

Ukudala imidlalo. izinhlelo

Qala ekudaleni yobuciko kwezwe computer ayengakwenza kwakuthiwa ngamunye. Kodwa singakwenza kanjani ukuqonda izinhlelo umdlalo - kunzima kakhulu. Nokho, ukuze ube ukuthuthukiswa umdlalo kungaba cishe. Isimo esibaluleke kakhulu - isikhathi esiningi khulula kanye nokuqinisela titanic. Ake sithi esinalo etholakalayo. Yini okufanele uyenze ngokulandelayo?

Into yokuqala ukufunda okungenani ezinye ethandwa kakhulu izilimi izinhlelo. Ngaphandle kwayo, ukusungula umdlalo eliphezulu akunakwenzeka ukuba aphumelele. Kungani ingaphezu ngolimi olulodwa? Ingabe elilodwa ngokwanele? Iqiniso lokuthi ngalunye ulimi lokwakha has ensimini layo elicacile kwesicelo. Ngezansi sibheka izilimi ethandwa kakhulu futhi ukusetshenziswa kwazo umdlalo izinhlelo.

izilimi

Mhlawumbe ulimi ezivamile ngokuya umdlalo uhlelo C ++. imidlalo eziningi zanamuhla futhi izinjini ngabo zilotshiwe kuso. Uyini engavamile lolu limi? Mhlawumbe omunye izinzuzo main of C ++ kuyinto omningi imitapo esibanzi. Ngalesi kusho ulimi ungabhala noma yini oyithandayo, kusukela amathoyizi encane indie ukuba ezinkulu yephrojekthi AAA banga.

Kodwa ngeshwa, C ++ nzima kakhulu master. Newbie sekunzima aqonde lezi wilds. Kungenxa yalesi sizathu-ke kungcono siqale ukujwayelana kwakhe ne izwe lwezinhlelo ngento elula.

Python - lokhu kungahle lesikahle for novice geymdeva. Okokuqala, i-syntax oluphakeme elula. Ukuze uqale uHlelo e Python, ngokwanele ukufunda izifundo futhi abe ezingeni ongowokuzalwa ngesiNgisi. Okwesibili, ukuthi kungenzeka ulimi lokwakha izinhlelo are banzi ngokwanele. Yiqiniso, i-Python akusho ukuhambisana C ++ ngokuya ukusebenza. Noma kunjalo, i-Python, ungakha ngempela isofthiwe ehloniphekile (kubandakanya umdlalo). Ngokwesibonelo, e-Python ebhaliwe imidlalo efana "Battlefield" (2005), "Impucuko 4", "i-The Sims 4" nezinye amaphrojekthi amaningi abaye baba hits.

Java - omunye Olwa, okuyinto nakanjani kuwufanele look. Mhlawumbe Inzuzo enkulu yalo ulimi - ephelele cross-platform. Lokhu kusho ukuthi i-software, ngokubhala "Java", isekelwa zonke izinhlelo zokusebenzisa ( "windose", "Linux", "i-Android", njll). Lokhu kukuvumela ukuba ngokushesha ukushintsha umdlalo nganoma yisiphi yesikhulumi. Ngaphezu kwalokho, i-Java unika uhlelo eziningi amathuba. Izibonelo akudingeki ukuya kude. Le ncwadi eshiwo ngenhla "Maynkraft" kwalotshwa ku kwaba "Java".

Dala amageyimu ngaphandle izinhlelo

Kodwa kuthiwani uma ungenayo isikhathi sokutadisha izilimi, kodwa ikhono lazo ukubhala usafuna? Lapha basisize we okuthiwa umdlalo abaklami. Kuyini lokhu? Impendulo yombuzo ingatholakala ngezansi.

Umklami Imidlalo - isimiso esikhethekile ehlanganisa i oluhlanganyele lokuthuthukiswa komasipala imvelo kanye injini. Ngamafuphi nje, le software, ngawo ungenza umdlalo wakho ngaphandle izinhlelo. Uma nje zokuqalisa geymdeva, abaklami umdlalo - nje okudingayo. Ngosizo lwabo uzokwazi ukuba baqonde indlela inqubo ukuthuthukiswa, lokho kufanele uyinake futhi phawula ngokwakho nezinye izici ezibalulekile.

Nokho, izinhlelo ezinjalo babe nobubi obuthile. Game Abaklami abe ukusebenza esikhundleni abampofu. Lezo zinhlelo ukuphoqelela nokulinganiselwa yomsebenzisi ngokuya ngohlobo, ihluzo, omakhenikha, njll Lesi ngiso sizatfu sekufa ukudala iphrojekthi Kuyaphawuleka nge umklami akunakwenzeka ukuba aphumelele.

Uhlelo ukudala imidlalo

Njengoba kungaqondakala, abaklami azihloselwe ukudala amaphrojekthi ezinkulu. Lezo zinhlelo ayadingeka ukuze anikeze abasha geymdeva isipiliyoni kuqala mayelana nokuthuthuka umdlalo. Kulesi sihloko sizohlola izinhlelo ezidume kakhulu umdlalo izinhlelo ukusiza Wabasaqalayo ukwenza izinyathelo kuqala geymdev imvelo.

Mhlawumbe, uhlelo owaziwa kakhulu ekuthuthukiseni umdlalo - Game Maker. It yenzelwe ukwakha amaprojekthi mgudumbili. Yenza amageyimu kungenzeka ngaphandle amakhono izinhlelo. Esikhundleni imigqa yekhodi umsebenzisi ukunikeza isethi yezenzo achazwe. Odinga ukukwenza - ukudala izinto kanye nokuchaza imithetho nokuxhumana phakathi kwabo. Kubalulekile ukuqaphela ukuthi ungasondela sprites e Game Maker ngqo ngaphandle kokusebenzisa izinhlelo okungagunyaziwe. Ngakho-ke, i-software kuyinto oludonsa ngokuphelele. Ngaphezu kwalokho, Game Maker akusho ubuhlungu nabasebenzisi abathuthukile unamakhono izinhlelo. Phela, lolu hlelo uyakwazi ukwengeza ikhodi yabo umthombo. Game Maker kungadalwa ngokusebenzisa umdlalo nombono phezulu (RPG, Bhalobhasha Tactical, njll) kanye ohlangothini (platformer).

Yakha 2 - kungenye umklami sokuthuthukiswa 2D-imidlalo. Mhlawumbe isici esiyinhloko hlelo - Multiplatform. Through the "Yakha", ungakha imidlalo ye-iOS, i-Android, i-Windows, Web, njll Ngokuya ukusebenza ukwakha 2 akuyona wawungaphansi "abenzi Game".

isiphetho

Game Programming - kuwumsebenzi onzima kakhulu, okuyinto ihlala izinyanga noma ngisho neminyaka. Ngakho uma ufuna ukuba abe umdlalo intuthuko professional, ukubona isidingo sokuhlakulela izimfanelo ezinjengokubekezela futhi amandla.