Gasparov Mihail Leonovich: Biography, izincwadi

Academician Gasparov Mihail Leonovich, a umhlaziyi owaziwa tetemibhalo, stihoved, philologist, isazimlando izincwadi zasendulo, edlale indima enkulu kuyinkolelo-mbono yokuziphendukela izinkondlo Russian nabaseYurophu. Umsebenzi wakhe ososayensi enkathini yangempela ukugxekwa Russian etemibhalo. Ukuhunyushwa izincwadi zasendulo M. L. Gasparova futhi namuhla kuphela zingezinye zezibhedlela ezihamba practice yasekhaya.

ebuntwaneni

Wazalelwa Gasparov Mihail Leonovich Apreli 13, 1935 eMoscow emndenini lezihlakaniphi. Unina, Elena Aleksandrovna Nyurenberg, nee Budilova, wasebenza umagazini umhleli "KuNkulunkulu", kamuva bavikela mqondo zakhe zobudokotela e-psychology kanye wasebenza e-Institute of Psychology Academy of Pedagogical Sciences wase-USSR. Yena wayeshade unjiniyela izimayini Leo Arsenevichem Gasparovym, ongowokuzalwa e-Nagorno-Karabakh. Lapho uMichael esemncane kakhulu, bahlukanisa. Kepha uyise wangempela umama womfana uHeinrich lo magazini "KuNkulunkulu", kamuva wasebenza umagazini "Ngesikhathi isondo" futhi indlu ukushicilela wase-USSR Academy of Sciences. Nokho Mihail Leonovich neze ukusakaza ngempela uyise nazo zonke ekuphileni kwakhe wathi unina; futhi, ingabe lokho kwakuyiqiniso yini. Nge uyise wahlangana kuphela njengenhlangano indoda omdala.

kumiswa

Phakathi nempi, uMichael yena waya kule nombolo esikoleni eMoscow 12, okuyinto wathola iziqu ngo-1952. Kakade esikoleni kuboniswe ngokucacile Gasparov focus zezenhlalakahle. Ngakho-ke, amkhethayo igatsha zasendulo ubuhlakani philological emva esikoleni nje kungazange kumangaze. Ngo-1957 wathola iziqu ngempumelelo kusukela eMoscow State University. Ngemva kokuqeda isikole Gasparov Mihail Leonovich unqume uqhubeka utadisha isayensi wabhalisa iziqu.

umsebenzi yesayensi

izithakazelo Ucwaningo Gasparov - izincwadi zasendulo. Mihail Leonovich wayazi ngokuphelele lwesiGreki sakuqala Nezanamuhla, Latin, futhi ephethwe yi-French, isiJalimane kanye Italy. PhD yakhe mqondo (1963) sanikezelwa le inganekwane yasendulo. izincwadi zasendulo bekulokhu isihloko emibhalweni yakhe eminingi kanye izinkulumo. Kusukela ngo-1957, wachitha iminyaka engu-33 njengoba isisebenzi wemboni kwezincwadi Institute of Imibhalo Yomhlaba ye-USSR lasendulo.

Ngo-1970, kwaba khona yesibili Lyubov Gasparova - versification. Kusukela ngo-1971 1981 wahlanganyela kule Tartu-Moscow Semiotic School, okuyinto ithuthukiswe imisebenzi formalists isiRashiya, wayenesithakazelo yezilimi zezibalo kanye isicelo, Poetics. mqondo zobudokotela Gasparov "Modern Russian vesi amamethrikhi nesigci" luye lwaba isixhumanisi izinkondlo zakhe theory siqu. Ngo-1990 Gasparov Mihail Leonovich kwaba usosayensi abakhulu okukhona emkhakheni wezolimo kanti isitayela Russian Isikhungo Russian Academy of Sciences. Kusukela ngo-1990, yena - ilungu Academy of Sciences of USSR, kusukela ngo-1992 - Academician we-Russian Academy of Sciences. Kusukela ngo-1992, futhi wasebenza Russian State Humanitarian University, i-Institute of Higher Izifundo zosizo. Ngo-2002, yena ephethwe uMnyango yezilimi kwesakhiwo Poetics kwesakhiwo e-Institute of Russian Academy of Sciences, isikhundla wahlala kwaze kwaba sekufeni kwakhe.

Izincwadi nemibhalo Gasparov

Phakathi nokuphila kwakhe isazi uye wanyathelisa eziningi. Gasparov Mihail Leonovich, ogama amabhuku namuhla zakudala emkhakheni izincwadi zasendulo, futhi ngesitayela, kwemibhalo, kwaba nombhali izihloko abangamakhulu amaningana futhi izincwadi eziningana. Imisebenzi yakhe eqoqwe imiqulu ezine ukumboza the best imisebenzi yakhe prosody. Yonke imisebenzi yakhe angaqoqwa amaqembu amaningi amakhulu: ekutadisheni izincwadi zasendulo, usebenza ku-izincwadi zangenkathi ephakathi nezincwadi zanamuhla, izihloko kanye nezincwadi izincwadi Russian nocwaningo ku prosody.

A ahlukene ingxenye lokusungula usosayensi ukwenza izincwadi lenemaciniso isiko lasendulo :. "Lupa Capitolina", "Greece okujabulisayo" Futhi Gasparov kwaba umhleli oyinhloko 'Mandelstam-encyclopedia ", ilungu amabhodi isihloko ezifana uchungechunge edumile ngokuthi" Izikhumbuzo Literary "," Library of nezincwadi zokufunda Classical "," Ngena Systems Izifundo "," Kuye kwanyatheliswa izincwadi "umagazini," Bulletin komlando wasendulo, "nakomagazini eziningana zakwamanye amazwe .

imisebenzi yokuhumusha

Gasparov edume kunazo alethwe izinguqulo yakhe ematheksthi lasendulo. umkhiqizo wayo futhi virtuosity njengoba umhumushi siyamangalisa. translation Gasparovsky kusukela yesiGreki Ovid, u-Aristotle, Aesop namanje okungenakuqhathaniswa, hhayi kuphela ngokuya ukunemba, kodwa futhi ubuhle yesitayela. Ezinguqulweni yakhe umfundi Russian Ungase futhi ufunde izinkondlo lasendulo, Cicero, Horace, uDiogenes Laertius.

nokufundisa

Academician Gasparov wafundisa iminyaka eminingi Ngebika iqhaza akhe asebenzayo uMnyango Umlando Theory World Culture ku Philosophy Faculty of Moscow State University. I Literary Institute kubo. Gorky, wafundisa izifundo ku prosody kanye izinkondlo Russian. Lezi izinkulumo bakhangwa inqwaba abafundi njengendlela womfundisi Gasparov kwaba ugqozi futhi egqamile. Kamuva, ezinye zalezi izinkulumo ezifakwe encwadini "Leli vesi".

imisebenzi eqoqwe

Article Gasparov ku prosody kanye izinkondlo Russian kwaba eqoqwe kumagazini omningi ezine "imisebenzi ekhethiwe". Umqulu wokuqala - "On the Poet" - elalinikezelwe izinkondlo lasendulo deku classical izincwadi namasiko. Eyesibili ivolumu - "On the vesi inkulumo ethi" - kusekelwe efundisa eyunivesithi kanye lunikezelwe ukuhlaziya imisebenzi yezimbongi isiRashiya, Tsvetaeva, Pushkin, Fet, Khlebnikov, Mayakovsky, Russian avant-garde, Brodsky. Kudluliswa umbhalo kusuka Gasparov - uyisibonelo esihle futhi ucwaningo yoqobo iziphetho ebanzi. Umqulu wesithathu - "On the vesi inkulumo ethi" - enikelwe kuyinkolelo-mbono yokuziphendukela izinkondlo, stylistics futhi Poetics. Lokho yesine - "evesini Awezolimi" - abazinikele incazelo nokuhlaziya imisebenzi yezimbongi Russian.

udumisa

Gasparov Mihail Leonovich ngomsebenzi wabo wathola ngokuphindaphindiwe imiklomelo esasiwafanele. He is owawina uMklomelo State (1995), umnikazi "ifasitela lomkhumbi noma lebhanoyi" imiklomelo, Minor Booker, amabhonasi A. White. Ngo-2004, wathola indondo bezemfundo nabo. edition A. S. Pushkina ka "Imisebenzi Okukhethiwe" imiqulu 3.

ukuphila Siqu

Gasparov ML cishe nanamashumi amahlanu eminyaka ngishade umhleli etemibhalo Alevtinoy Mihaylovnoy Zotovoy. Lo mbhangqwana nendodakazi Elena, manje Ph.D., wasebenza ngesikhathi Research Institute Imfundo yasenkulisa wase-USSR-APK, kuphakamisa nabazukulu ababili Gasparov.

Eminyakeni yokugcina yokuphila kwakhe

Kusukela ngasekupheleni kwawo-1990, Academician Mikhail Gasparov ukuthola indawo entsha umsebenzi, uphila izinguqulo zokuhlola zezinkondlo ephakathi ezikhathini zanamuhla. Ngo isethulo sakhe avele Russian inkondlo L. Ariosto sika "Orlando Furioso", amavesi G. Heim. Futhi incwadi "translation kokulinganisa" baba umcimbi ngempela emhlabeni etemibhalo.

Novemba 7, 2005 Gasparov wafa, wangcwatshwa honours egcwele Miusskaya Amathuna eMoscow.

Ngemva kokufa Michael Leonovich umphakathi jikelele liye laziwa okwamanje kwesinye isici ithalente lakhe. Umkakhe, alevtina M., ishicilele amaqoqo amancane ambalwa izinkondlo zakhe siqu. Sam Gasparov yena imbongi akacabanganga ukubalula ukuthi lena kuphela indlela asabela ngayo lapho izinkondlo abadali okukhulu.