Hypothyroidism ezinjeni: izimpawu, ukwelashwa, kubangela yesifo

Omunye amagatsha lomncane kanye ngokushesha kakhulu ekuthuthukiseni umuthi Endocrinology. Nokho, iningi iziyaluyalu ukuhlola wezilwane endocrine namuhla isakhasa. Noma kunjalo, izilwane ezigulayo, futhi umsebenzi ochwepheshe - ngokunembile ukuxilonga, futhi uma kudingeka, ulungise iziyaluyalu ohlelweni endocrine.

Omunye ezivamile lezi zifo kubhekwa hypothyroidism ezinjeni. Izithombe izilwane, izimbangela, izimpawu kanye nokwelashwa yalesi sifo, sizobe ukwethula kuwe kule athikili. Luphinde ukubhekana izindlela ukuxilongwa.

Hypothyroidism ezinjeni: incazelo isifo

Lesi sifo kuhambisana yokuphazamiseka umsebenzi indlala yegilo, okuyinto has imisebenzi eminingi. Hypothyroidism - a zokugula libhekene ukwehla kwenani hormone egilo kwemiqondo.

izinhlobo izifo

Ochwepheshe ezimbili zama-lesi sifo - zamabanga aphansi naphezulu. Ngazuza (primary) hypothyroidism - yisishiso indlala yegilo, okuthiwa isifo Hashimoto, noma ezinye izinqubo ezibhubhisa umzimba. Ngezinye izikhathi i-hypothyroidism ezinjeni kuphakamisa ukuntuleka kwe-iodine e ekudleni kwezilwane nezifo, izimila yegilo. Kunoma ikuphi, isitho onesifo ayikwazi ukukhiqiza amanani anele hormone.

i-hypothyroidism Secondary e izinja izimpawu okungase kwenzeke zisencane sesilwane, umphumela kubhujiswa umzimba ezikhulayo. Ama-hormone egilo kubalulekile sokuthuthukiswa isimiso sezinzwa esiyinhloko namathambo, ukuntula kwabo kungase kubangele izilwane kukobana iba yifitjhani khulu. i-hypothyroidism Secondary e izinja kuzibonakalisa azalwa naso yegilo ukungasebenzi noma kungenzeka ekwakhekeni izimila. Ngenxa yalokho, inqubo iphazamisekile hormone.

Ngezinye izikhathi i-hypothyroidism Secondary eba emva kokwelashwa obungafanele nabantu glucocorticoids noma ekudleni.

nesigaba lesi sifo

Ngo ukuthuthukiswa hypothyroidism ezinjeni izimpawu ubuye ezahlukene. Ngendlela efanele usaqala lesi sifo inani tyrosine e indlala yegilo kuyehla, okubangela umkhiqizo wawanda yezinye hormone. Ngakho, ibhalansi omzimba hormone kuqondiswa. Ezimweni ezingavamile kakhulu, umzimba ungalulama bebodwa, kodwa kaningi isifo ifinyelela Usuqhubekile.

Kulokhu, lizinga tyrosine kubalulekile futhi yehlise ngokucijile kakhulu, futhi ibhalansi ukuqondanisa akunakwenzeka. Indlala yegilo uthola ukulimala kabi eziholela ziwohloke abalulekile isimo jikelele silwane.

Thanda iningi kwezinso endocrine, i-hypothyroidism ezinjeni izimpawu zingase zihluke. Ngokuvamile on ukuthuthukisa lesi sifo kubonisa ukhuluphele, ukukhuluphala. Ngaphezu kwalokho, lesi sifo ngokuvamile kutholakala ukuthi uphethwe yini ngesikhathi ukulahlekelwa elingenamikhono futhi isikhumba izinkinga.

Njengoba kwembulwe hypothyroidism izinja? Sifo kungenzeka kuphela umtholampilo kahle odokotela bezilwane, ngemuva kophenyo egcwele igazi lezilwane. Imiphumela yokuhlaziya kuzovumela ukuba uqhathanise imiphumela kahulumeni, okuyinto sici kwezilwane beminyaka yobudala efanayo futhi zohlobo.

Izimbangela isifo

Ukulawulwa kwendlala yegilo indlala - indlala wosayizi omncane elise emphinjeni. umsebenzi wayo kulawulwa indlala pituitary ebuchosheni. Ukuze imisebenzi yayo evamile kudingeka eqabulayo i-hormone ekhethekile. Indlala pituitary synthesizes hormone futhi kubangela indlala yegilo ukukhiqiza kanzima lalo. Kusukela esimweni saso incike nekusebenta wendlala.

Nokho, i-hypothyroidism ezinjeni ngokuvamile ukuthuthukisa ezilwaneni engeziwe, le ndlala pituitary okuyinto esimweni esejwayelekile. Kungani lokhu kwakwenzeka? Mayelana 95% amacala kukhona "isizinda", ziba ngenxa izifo ezihambisana izinqubo izinguquko elibhubhisayo indlala yegilo. Ngeshwa, akukho njalo kungenzeka ukuthola uhlobo yalezi zinhlelo.

Izazi zikholelwa ukuthi basola lesi sifo sokuhlasela kwamasosha omzimba, lapho komzimba wesilwane iqala ukubhubhisa uqobo. Hypothyroidism, imbangela bangahluka, kaningi ngenxa yoma we indlala yegilo. Lokhu kubonakala ikakhulukazi ngesikhathi izigaba lokugcina ukukhuluphala futhi Oncology.

Yini enye kungabangela hypothyroidism? Isizathu kungase abacathama khona nezifo yisinanakazana ezithathelwanayo. A yi efanayo kungabangela izidakamizwa engalawuliwe hormone. Ngezikhathi ezithile ukuhlonza amacala hypothyroidism azalwa nako. Izazi zithi sina impethu KWAMAGUNDANE kungabangela hypothyroidism ezinjeni. Izizathu ezisobala - umzimba sesilwane ziphonswe nenani elikhulu ubuthi ezithinta indlala yegilo.

Kuzala nge nezici ezithile ukuze hypothyroidism

Hypothyroidism e izinja, izimpawu (isithombe ungabona kulesi sihloko), i-izimpawu zokwelashwa kungenzeka kutholakala izilwane ubulili ezahlukene, iminyaka zohlobo. Nakuba ngokuhamba kweminyaka eminingi observation wathola ukuthi izimpawu zalesi sifo ngokuvamile itholwa ezilwaneni ezingaphansi kweminyaka engu-iminyaka eyishumi. Ngo-70% izimo zenzeka izinja of izinhlobo ezinkulu, mikhulu kakhulu, nezilwane ezincane bagule kancane kaningi.

ochwepheshe zanqwabelana emhlabeni izibalo zomhlaba show ukuthi kakhulu maningi amathuba okuthi anenkinga izinhlobo ezilandelayo:

• Pinscher Doberman;
• Retriever Golden;
• schnauzer;
• setter Irish;
• Cocker Spaniel;
• imali;
• Airedales.

Umalusi German othambekele nezifo ngenxa yezakhi zofuzo eziningi (i-hypothyroidism kanye). lobulili Ezimweni ezivamile akusho Nokho, Bitches ovariectomized yilesi sifo kaningi. Kodwa i operation ezifana liyadingeka ukuze ungabi nomdlavuza webele, Nokho kule hypothyroidism isimo ngaphezulu oluncamelayo lokhu: ngokwempilo yangenyama kusukela lesi sifo kayishumi ngaphansana umdlavuza.

symptomatology

Ama-hormone egilo ezidingekayo ukuze evamile umsebenzi umzimba umzimba isilwane. Ukuntula kwabo sithinta cishe zonke izinhlaka futhi izinhlelo. Kule ndaba, lingahunyushwa ngezindlela ezihlukahlukene abonakalisa khona-hypothyroidism ezinjeni. Izimpawu nasekwelashweni kwezifo kungakephuzi kunqunywa wezilwane esekelwe izifundo zokwelapha. Nokho, zikhona izimpawu eziningana ezingase zenzeke kahle 90% ezimweni lapho kokunikezwa kwe-ndlala yegilo.

Isithombe emitholampilo ye isifo lingabukwa kuphela ngokuphelele, njengoba ezinye izimpawu eceleni ibonisa enye ukugula. Abanikazi Dog kumele uxhumane zimpawu ezilandelayo zenzeka nomtholampilo wezilwane, uma isilwane:

1. Umehluko ukuziphatha (ubudlova ngokweqile noma, Ngakolunye uhlangothi, ukwesaba).
2. okuhlushwa Ukuphazamiseka (bengasinaki, ukubukeka elintantayo).
3. izinkinga sezinzwa uhlamvu (ukukhathala, isisindo ngokweqile, ukungabekezelelani ukufudumeza kanye abandayo, abukhali kwemizwelo).
4. Ukuwohloka Obalulekile kwesikhumba kanye elingenamikhono (dandruff, ukoma, patchy nezinwele, lesikhumba normal, isikhumba actinic).
5. Izinkinga siyinzalo sokudlala (ikhefu elincane noma elikhulu kakhulu phakathi heats, libido abampofu, inzalo ababuthakathaka noma efile, ukukhulelwa amanga).
6. Yokuphazamiseka izitsha inhliziyo negazi, kanye uhlelo hematopoietic (bradycardia, fibrillation, ekunciphiseni platelet count, nomhlophe cell segazi, kwehle elithwala umoya-mpilo, ukopha).
7. Ushintsho E-emathunjini (uhudo, ukuhlanza, ukuqunjelwa).
8. Izinkinga emehlweni (conjunctivitis, izinyembezi, amafutha e-cornea, izifo zamehlo).

Okunye izimpawu zokugula okungathí sina - antengantenge Gait, ukukhubazeka, nezinkophe sawo, nge touch of inkinga. Ngokuvamile, izimpawu ziyabonakala kuphela esikhathini ngasekupheleni, ngoba kancane kancane. izimpawu Clinical ngokuvamile, zingase zingaveli amasonto amaningana, noma ubuthakathaka ngakho, "igezwa" futhi imvamisa ukuthi abanikazi musa nje unake kubo.

Kunesinye futhi isici esibalulekile - kuyinto zokugula we indlala yegilo. Ngokuvamile, ngemva inja isidlulile inkambo kakhulu ngemithi enamandla, umzimba angase abe buthakathaka. Ukutadisha ikhadi impilo yezilwane, udokotela ukuba khona kufanele nithathe lesi ku-akhawunti, ngaphandle kwalokho uphethwe kungaba okungalungile. Tifo letibangwa izinso, isibindi, isifo sikashukela kanye nezinye izifo ezenza abantu sokugembula yegilo syndrome.

uphethwe isifo

Hypothyroidism ezinjeni sitholakale ngesisekelo imiphumela eziningana. Ukukhetha kwabo kuncike namandla ezezimali abanikazi wesilwane, ukutholakala imishini yesimanje kanye reagents Kudingeka emtholampilo. Ngenxa yokuthi izimpawu zesifo kunalokho ezingacacile, awukwazi ukwenza ngaphandle professional ukuxilongwa emitholampilo.

Uhlaziyo ezivamile kubhekwa ukuhlola thyroxine (T4). Lokhu kwaziswa kungenziwa kuhlelwe umqondo kuphela indlala yegilo. Ngakho-ke, lapho okuqukethwe kwawo ongaphakeme esegazini kuthathwa khona isifo esiyingozi. Nokho, khumbula ukuthi kukhona ngenxa yezizathu eziningana, ingqondo ukwehla ka thyroxine egazini, ngakho-ke kubalulekile ukucabangela ezinye zokupopola.

Thyroxine kungenzeka ekhona egazini amafomu amabili. ifomu Bound unamathele amaprotheni akusho ukungena amaseli. T4 Mahhala ongakaphathelani amaprotheni ukuthi ezikwazi ukuhlaba zingene isakhiwo cell futhi ngokuvamile samanje kulo izimali ezincane. ivolumu ingxenyenamba Its kunakwe lapho kokwenza uphethwe.

Uma inja has ezingeni eliphansi T4 angahlolwa ngoba thyroxine, esekelwe isinyathelo amalungiselelo yezokwelapha ekhethekile. Kulokhu, inani elincane zokwenziwa pituitary i-hormone iqondiswa ngemithambo yegazi. Amahora ayisithupha emva inqubo, izinja abangu sophe namazinga T4 ihlolwe. Uma isilwane kuqinisekisiwe hypothyroidism, i-hormone amazinga egazini lakhe kuyoba eduze izilawuli ezivamile. Izinga A enempilo inja yalolu ketshezi kakhulu lidlule mkhawulo evamile.

Kunikezwa izinkulumo ezizuzisayo anganika nophenyo isimiso, iziphi olwenziwa ngesikhathi luhlolo emtholampilo. Ukuze wenze lokhu, kumele afeze lokhu okulandelayo:

• igazi chemistry ne izinga elithile triglyceride cholesterol, futhi jikelele emitholampilo;
• urinalysis (kwabiwa);
• echocardiography;
• electrocardiogram.

izifundo hematological

Ngokusekelwe idatha eqoqwe bezilwane, mayelana amathathu amaphesenti izinja ezine-hypothyroidism eba anaemia non-okuzivuselela. Ngaphezu kwalokho, idatha hypothyroidism e izinja bavame ukubanga hemostasis angaphilile noma avuse ukopha.

Ngo isilwane nesineke serum lokuhlushwa triglyceride cholesterol kakhulu anda. Hyperlipidemia - kwetintfo lalivamile ka-hypothyroidism. Hypertriglyceridemia lingandile kangako. Ngezinye izikhathi serum atholakele anda enzyme isibindi, futhi azotemia, kusukela ezibuthakathaka ngokulinganisela.

ukwelashwa

Minyaka yonke, ukutadisha hypothyroidism ezinjeni Ochwepheshe ekwazile yembula imininingwane yayo entsha ezithinta izindlela nezindlela ukwelapha lesi sifo. Namuhla yokwelapha yakhelwe wesifunda ihlanganisa ngomzamo izimbangela zesifo kanye nokwelashwa lingaze.

Uma udokotela wakwazi ukuba bahlonze izifo ukuvuvukala indlala yegilo kusaqalwa (isifo Hashimoto sika), kubaluleke kakhulu ukuze uyisuse ukuvimbela i-hypothyroidism ezinjeni. Ukwelashwa kuhilela nokuphathwa esenikwe zokwenziwa yegilo i-hormone - thyroxine ( "Levothyroxine"). Kumele iqondiswa nsuku zonke. ukwelashwa Kuhlanganiswe idinga ukuhlolwa igazi njalo ukuze ulungise Isikali zomuthi.

Namuhla, inkampani eyenza imithi global silwenza izinhlobo eziningi lokhu izidakamizwa, okuyinto kuhluke kuphela amagama kubhaliswe. Umthamo zomuthi incike nesigaba lesi sifo futhi impendulo wesilwane yokwelapha. Ekuqaleni, indinganiso ulapha kamuva ngosuku ukwenza ukuvivinya yegazi, qikelela ezingeni i-hormone ke ukwelashwa zilungiswe ngokuhambisana umphumela. Udokotela ukucacisa lapho uhlelo umzimba hard ikakhulukazi ukuphendula lesi sifo futhi esabela ukwelashwa ongisekelayo lingaze.

ukuqapha Patient futhi umhlahlo okwengeziwe

Ngemva kwamasonto amabili ekuqaleni ukwelashwa iyenziwa T4 lokuhlushwa oketshezini olungenambala lwegazi. Ngokuvamile, lokuhlala isiqongo aqoshiwe ngaphakathi nelesithupha amahora ngemva ukungenisa. Phakathi nale nkathi, thyroxine lokuhlushwa kufanele kube eseduze evamile.

Ngaphambi ukwethulwa izidakamizwa serum T4 okuqukethwe kufanele kube lapho kugcwala isilinganiso engezansi evamile. Ephansi T4 lokuhlushwa ngaphambi nangemva izidakamizwa ekuphathweni kubonisa umthamo ngokungadingekile ongaphakeme. Lokhu kungase kubangelwe malabsorption zomuthi emathunjini, bubi reception schedule noma ukuphatha izidakamizwa.

Mayelana isidingo ulungise umthamo ubufakazi izidakamizwa alubuqedi ngezimpawu zesifo yegilo, noma, Ngakolunye uhlangothi, izimpawu yokweqisa. Onalesi sifo izilwane omdala ezine-hypothyroidism eyinhloko abangekho i replacement therapy ezifanele, omuhle.

Uma isingeniso kwama-hormone egilo emva ukusetshenziswa isikhathi eside asisasebenzi, kungathatha amasonto ambalwa, futhi ngezinye izikhathi izinyanga ukubuyisa uxhumo phakathi ama-hormone egilo kanye indlala pituitary. yokutakula okunjalo ngokuvamile kwenzeka ngaphandle phetho for impilo isilwane.