Kufanekisa - kuyinto ubuciko izimpawu zokuxhumana

Kufanekisa - a eyinqaba mkhuba 'ubhedu kwezobuciko, esavela phakathi nekhulu leminyaka eledlule eFrance. Lokhu Indlela yobuciko ngempela yasheshe ukuthandwa okubanzi futhi baqhubeka ngenkuthalo ukuthuthukisa kuze kwekhulu lamashumi amabili.

Kufanekisa - ke ingenye izakhi ezibaluleke kakhulu zomhlaba art. Nakuba wabonakala kuphela yekhulu nesishiyagalolunye, izakhi zawo kungenziwa ngokugcwele kubonakala kusukela ezikhathini zasendulo. Ngokwesibonelo, izimpawu of Christianity, benamandla Gothic imidwebo ephakathi yasezindongeni. I ezingaqondakali, imidwebo ghostly ukuthi umculi wabhala ngenkathi romanticism, ungabona izakhi eziningi ka kufanekisa.

Nokho, ukuthuthukiswa enkulu ngaso sonke isikhathi umkhuba art ubelokhu yekhulu nesishiyagalolunye njengoba kuqhathaniswa okwangempela futhi impressionism. Lokhu isiqondiso evulekile waveza isimo sengqondo esingaqondile ekuthuthukiseni onxiwankulu. Kufanekisa - ukubonakaliswa ukulangazelela inkululeko engokomoya, a umbono ezicashile ushintsho zomlando nezenhlalo emhlabeni wonke futhi esintwini.

igama elithi "kufanekisa" ngokwalo yanyatheliswa okokuqala ngo "Figaro" - a nakomagazini sasivumela ethandwa ephrintiwe - ngo-1886, neyeshumi nesishiyagalombili ka-September. Uhlele kabusha imicondvo lemcoka bale nhlangano iye yachazwa izincwadi, edumile imbongi French Charles Baudelaire. Wayekholelwa ukuthi kuphela izinhlamvu kungaba ukuveza ngokugcwele isimo ezicashile kwengqondo imbongi noma umculi.

izisekelo zefilosofi futhi ngenxa yobuhle we kufanekisa basungula cishe ngesikhathi esifanayo kanye emazweni amaningi Western Europe. Laba bameleli be-eyinhloko kufanekisa - a S. Mallarmé, P. Verdun, Rimbaud, P. Valéry eFrance; M. Maeterlinck, E. Verhaeren eBelgium; G. Gaupman e-Germany; R. Rilke e-Austria, Oskar Uayld e-UK; H. Ibsen, futhi K. Hamsun eNorway. Ungase uthi ngisho ukuthi umfanekiso ekuqaleni kwekhulu lamashumi amabili nesishiyagalolunye ngasekupheleni futhi, bathembele ngokuphelele ezintweni izincwadi.

Kufanekisa - kuyinto ngezinga elithile ukunkenketha Romanticism. Aesthetics zombili lezi Amathrendi zifana kakhulu futhi ahlobene. Uphawu - iyona into ukuqonda eyenziwe imbongi. Waveza incazelo efihliwe sezinto, yembula izimfihlo wokuphila, wahosha i otherworldly, ezingaqondakali, incazelo esoteric imihlola kufihlwe esuka kubantu abavamile. Izimpawu ngesineke ngokuhlangenwe umculi, kubhekwe ukuba lesiprofetho ngempela, futhi umculi wayengumqondisi umdali, umboni wemibono owayenganikela owabona imicimbi kanye izenzakalo of izimpawu ezithile ezifihliwe ikusasa.

Lalifanekisela art aguqulwa kuya sphere ezingokomoya, nokuxhumana emhlabeni umuntu angikho ngaphakathi, ubuntu bakhe futhi ubuntu, nezwe elingaphandle. Ngokusho lokhu kufanekisa umqondo emhlabeni wangempela ukhona ngaphandle zezwe lethu ebonakalayo, futhi angakwazi ngokwengxenye kuphela zibonakale kuwo. It is a uhlobo yobuciko izenzo umlamuleli phakathi lezi imihlaba, luyindlela ukuguqulwa kanye nencazelo ohlangothini ezingokomoya ekuphileni kwawo.

Kufanekisa isibe siqine izincwadi, ubuciko kanye izakhiwo yamazwe amaningi, ezithinta kakhulu emhlabeni art. Symbolists isisekelo Surrealism isifiso sabo ukusungula, cosmopolitanism futhi ucwaningo eziningi.