I-plaster ehlobisa izinkuni: indlela yokufaka isicelo?

Abanikazi bemihlaba abaningi bacabanga ngombuzo wokuthi kungani behlisela indlu yokhuni. Kodwa ungakhohlwa ukuthi izinkuni yizinto ezibonakala zingengozi, ngakho-ke ukuvikelwa okuthembekile ezintweni zangaphandle ezingalungile ngeke zilimaze. Njengenye yezindlela eziphumelelayo zokuvikelwa yi-plaster ngezinkuni. Ingathengwa ngesimo esiphelile esitolo sokwakha noma esenziwe ngokuzimela.

Kungani okwenziwe ngamapulangwe

Ukuze ungayifaki indlu emva kokumiswa kwayo, kungenzeka ukuthi usebenzise ubhontshisi obukhethekile ngesikhathi sokwakhiwa, okuhlanganiswa namakhemikhali esigabeni sokukhiqiza, okwenza kungabonakali ngokwezimo. Izindlu ezinjalo zikhangeleka kakhulu. Kodwa-ke, uma ibhashini isetshenziselwa ukwakhiwa, okwakungakaze kusetshenzwe ngaphambilini, khona-ke kuyodingeka ihlelwe ngemuva kokuqedwa komsebenzi. Lokhu kuzovikela lokho okubonakalayo ekubunjeni nokubola, kanye nokulimala kusuka kwamagundane nama-termites.

Nini ukupaka

Lezi zinto azikhiphi, ngeke kube khona izingodo eziphezulu nasemkhathini, kubanda futhi kumanzi angeke kungene ngaphakathi kwendlu. Kodwa-ke, ukuze uvikele ikhaya lakho, kubalulekile ukuthi ungadluli. Uma izindlu zefreyimu zingeniswa ngokushesha ngemuva kokuthi uphahla lenziwe, isakhiwo selog log of the logs kumele sisinde unyaka ngemuva kokuqedwa kokwakhiwa. Ukuqala noma yimuphi umsebenzi kangcono futhi nhlobo eminyakeni eyi-1,5. Phakathi nalesi sikhathi, ukuguqulwa kwezindonga kuzokwenzeka, ungqimba oluvikelayo lwamapulangwe aluyikumbozwa ngokuphahlazeka futhi ngeke luguqulwe ngemuva kwesikhumba.

Ukudubula umquba wokugawula izinkuni

I-plaster ngezinkuni kufanele ilungiselelwe kahle. Izinkuni zinezimfanelo eziphakeme zokunamathela, yingakho izinhlobo ezahlukene zezingxube zingasetshenziswa kuwo. Lezi zihlanganisa isihlabathi, amakhementi e-samente, i-lime plaster kanye nezidumbu ze-gypsum zokuhlobisa. Uma uthatha isinqumo sokusebenzisa usimende lwamatshe ukuze uhlahle, lungalungiswa kusuka ku-1 ingxenye yesimente nezingxenye ezingu-4 zesanti. Izingxenye zixubene efomini elomile, futhi emva kokuthola ubuningi obufanayo, amanzi anganezelwa kubo.

I-lime-cement mortar yalungiswa kusuka ku-1 ingxenye ye-lime unamathisele, umthamo ofanayo wesimenti nezingxenye ezingu-3 zesanti. Isixazululo esinzima kakhulu, isihlabathi esincane kumele sengezwe. I-plaster enjengokhuni inezici ezithile zokupheka. Kubalulekile ukugcina ukuxuba okuhlukile. Ku-tank ehlukile, i-samente nesihlabathi kumele kuxhunywe, inhlama ye-lime ihlanjululwe ngokwehlukana, okumele ibe nokuvumelana kobisi lobisi. Ukuze uthole ingxenye yokugcina, ivolumu yokuhlolwa ekhishwe kumele ihlanjululwe ngesilinganiso esisodwa se-liquid. Ubisi busetshenziselwa ukunciphisa isisindo kusuka kumakhementi nasesihlabathini. Izixazululo ezinjalo azizesabi uketshezi, ngakho-ke zingasetshenziswa ukufaka ngaphakathi nangaphandle kwendawo.

I-plaster ekhuni ivame ukwenziwa nge-lime ne-gypsum. Kuzotholakala isisombululo sezingxenye ezintathu ze-lime kanye nengxenye ye-gypsum. Ukuze kube lula, ungalungisa udoti lwama-classic, futhi wenze izingxube ezihlukene ne-gypsum. Inani elikhulu lesikhambi esinjalo akufanele liphekwe, ngoba likhuni ngokushesha. I-Gypsum ivame ukusetshenziswa emisebenzini yangaphakathi, lapho izidingo eziphezulu zokusebenza zifakwa ngezici zokusebenza zobunqamuli bendonga. Ukuze ukwakheka kutholakale umbala, ungangezela izingulube zombala kuso. Ngemuva kokuthi unqume ukuthi kungenzeka yini ukusebenzisa i-plaster esihlahleni, kufanele uthole ukuthi ukunikeza umphumela okhethekile endaweni eyomile, sebenzisa i-wax mastic nge-glue CMC.

Indlela yokusebenzisa i-plaster

Uma ungazange ulungise iqoqo lamathuluzi futhi ungazange wenze imisebenzi yokuqala, ukulungiswa ngeke kwenzeke.

Ngomsebenzi ofanelekile, kufanele ulungiselele:

• Igridi yama-plaster noma ama-shingles;
• I-tank yokuxuba;
• Umxube wokukhonta;
• Umdwebo;
• Umthetho;
• I-Graters;
• Izibani zokukhanya;
• Ibhulashi;
• I-Twine;
• Izinga.

Caulkong caulk

Ngaphambi kokufaka i-plaster esihlahleni, kufanele uvikele ukuphahlazeka. Uma indlu yakhiwa ngamagodo, khona-ke kuyokwazi ukuthola izimbobo kanye nokuqhekeka ezizindongeni zayo, ezihlanjululwa kuqala ngeboya lamaminerali noma ipakethe. Uma kukhona ukudonsa okukhulu phakathi kwamagogo, bangagcwaliswa ngama-slats enkuni, lapho kwenzeka ukusetshenziswa kwesisombululo kuzokwehla.

Shing and beaconing

Ngaphambi kokuba udwetshwe umcengezi we-facade uphahla ngezinkuni zomsebenzi wangaphandle, udinga ukufaka ama-shingles. Lezi zisebenzi zihlanganisa ukufakwa kwemigwaqo engu-5-millimeter yamapulangwe, ububanzi bawo buyi-20 mm. Uma kukhona isiyingi esiyibonayo, ke usike umsebenzi owenziwe kuwo wonke amabhodi. Izakhi zigcwele zibe izingqimba ezimbili. Eyokuqala ifakwe engeni lika-45 ° ngokuphathelene nesimo esingemuva. Ibanga eliphakathi kwezikhala kufanele libe ngu-5 cm.

Isendlalelo sesibili sibekwa phezulu kweyokuqala ngakwesokudla ngakhona. Ngenxa yalokho, kuyokwenzeka ukuthola umshini ngisho nephethini. Ngaphambi kokuba uphahla lwangaphandle esihlahleni luqhutshwe, le shingle kufanele ihlanjululwe futhi ifakwe. Lokhu kuzonciphisa ukuqhekeka kwezinkuni noma ukuhlukaniswa kwayo. Kwezinye izimo, le ndlela yokuqinisa ishintshwe igridi ye-plaster. Noma kunjalo, ungqimba lwezingxube kufanele lube lukhulu kakhulu, ngakho-ke ukuqiniswa kufanele kwenziwe okuthembekile.

Ubukhulu besendlalelo se-plaster kumele kutholakale kusuka kwendlalelo yesibili yesikhumba. Le pharamitha ihluka kusuka ku-15 ukuya ku-20 mm. Ukuze uqinisekise indawo ebanzi, qiniseka ukusebenzisa ama-beacons. Kudingekile ukuwagcwalisa kusukela emagumbini, ubeka umugqa endaweni eqondile ebusweni. Ubuqotho bayo kufanele buhlolwe yizinga.

Spray kanye primer

Njengokuvikelwa kwezindonga, ungakhetha ukusika okuhlobisa. Isihlahla sizovikela le ndlela. Esikhathini esilandelayo, ikhambi eliyinhloko kuzodingeka lifakwe, kepha kufanele libe nokunye okungaguquguquki kwamanzi. Ngesinye isikhathi ama-200 g we-PVA glue ebhakedeni ungeze kule ngxube. Uma ungenayo isipiliyoni, kuzomele uqale ukusifiphaza ngesandla sakho. Uma usujwayele, ungasebenzisa i-trowel noma i-trowel.

Ukuphonsa isisombululo ezindongeni, kufanele uthole uhlaka olungama-10-millimeter. Zonke izikhala, ukungalungi kanye nokuthutha kufanele kuvaliwe. Ukuze uqale umsebenzi kuyadingeka kusuka phezulu, kancane kancane uhambela phansi. Kuzoba lula kakhulu futhi kusebenze, ngoba ukuhleleka okungahle kwenzeke kungaholela ekugqaseni ngaphezulu kwesendlalelo esingaphansi. Inqwaba yamanzi izokhipha. Hlanganisa lolu hlu olungadingekile, kodwa udinga ukuzulazula izindlu zokugcina, ususe umthetho owedlule.

Ngisho nokufika kwezixhobo zanamuhla zokwenza umhlobiso, i-plaster yokuhlobisa ivame ukusetshenziswa. Umuthi odongeni unikeza lolu hlobo lokuvikelwa. Esikhathini esilandelayo, kudingekile ukuba udonsa izindonga, okubandakanya ukusebenzisa isendlalelo sesibili se-plaster. Kudingekile ukuthi usebenze ngendwangu encane eyomisiwe, noma kunjalo, i-spray akumele isomiswe ngokweqile. Ubukhulu be-primer buyi-7 mm noma ngaphansi. Ngosizo lwalezi zindlela ezizokwenziwa kuzokwazi ukukala zonke izikhalazo bese ubeka izikhala.

Izincomo zesazi

Ngokushesha nje uma u-plaster emile, kuzokwenzekani ezinsukwini ezine noma ngaphansi, ungakwazi ukufeza i-grout yokuqeda usebenzisa indwangu yomdwebo. Kubalulekile ukuthi ushiye isendlalelo se-plaster ukuze uyomise, ungasebenzisi ukomisa okufakelwayo, njengoba lokhu kungabangela ukuphahlazeka. Indlu ingafudumala, kodwa izindonga ngeke zomiswe ngomswakama wezinwele zokwakha. Ngesizathu esifanayo, ukushisa kwabo akuvunyelwe. Yingakho ukusetshenziswa kwe-facade plaster kufanele kwenziwe ekwindla noma entwasahlobo.

Isicelo sokulungisa ukugqoka nokuhlanganisa

Ukuze ungqimba lwama-plaster wangaphandle lubonakale lukhangayo, kuzodingeka luphathwe ngengubo yokulungisa. Isixazululo salokhu silungiswa kusuka engxenyeni efanayo, okumele ibe nokuvumelana okuketshezi. Ingxube ihlungiwe ngomshini futhi isetshenziswe ungqimba olu-2 mm. Uma zonke izigaba eziyinhloko zomsebenzi seziphelile, futhi u-plaster usomile, uphathwa nge-grater, okumele ihanjiswe nxazonke. Uma kunesidingo, indawo ye-grouting ingahlanzwa.

Izindlela zokusebenzisa i-plaster ngezinkuni

I-gypsum plaster esihlahleni isetshenziswa emva kokuxuba izingxenye eziyinhloko. Kodwa-ke, idayi ingafakwa ezingxenyeni ezisezingeni lokulungiselela, ithuliswa ngo-1 ukuya ku-10. Ngezinye izikhathi umbala uyongezwa kwisisombululo sokuqeda. Kukhona enye indlela yokunikeza ubuso bomthunzi. Ukuze wenze lokhu, ikhambi ngombala lihlanjululwa ngokulinganisela okulinganayo, kanti emisebenzini yokugcina engavumelani neyodwa ingabonakali ekusetshenzisweni kokusebenza nge sponge noma roller. Sebenzisa lokhu ongakwenza futhi isibhamu esikhethekile.

Ukusetshenziswa kwezakhiwo zokwakha ngokuvamile kwenzeka ezinyathelweni ezimbili. Okokuqala, ingxube iyathululelwa yi-trowel, yenziwe nge-roller noma ibhulashi, futhi ngemva kokumisa ubuso, kunikezwa ukubukeka okudingekayo. Ukuhlobisa kungatholakala ngejubane lokuhamba kwensimbi kanye namandla okucindezela. Isixazululo kufanele sisetshenziswe kwesinye isiqondiso - ngezansi-up noma iziyingi eziyindilinga.

Izinkuni ze-plaster zizohlala isikhathi eside. Isicelo salo singenziwa ngomshanelo noma induku. Ithuluzi ligalelwe esixazululweni, futhi emva kwalokho lishaywe 25 cm odongeni. Induku kufanele igcinwe ngokufana nendawo ebusisiwe. Ukuze uthole i-invoyisi efanayo njengomphumela kunzima kakhulu, ngakho-ke umsebenzi kufanele wenziwe ngokunakekelwa, ungalokothi uphuthume.

Isiphetho

Uma ungenakukwazi ukukhetha ukuthi yikuphi ukubunjwa okumele usebenzise ukufaka izindonga zamapulangwe, khona-ke ukhokhele ngokukhethekile ingxube ye-gypsum, enezici eziningi ezinhle. Ngemuva kokucubungula izindonga ngalezi zakhiwo azilahlekelwa amandla okuphefumula.

Ngokuphathelene namakhemikhali e-samente, banenzuzo ngaphezu kwe-gypsum. Izinzuzo ukuphikiswa kwamaqabunga nokumelana nokunyuka kwamanzi, ngakho-ke i-samente isetshenziswa njalo njengesisekelo sokwenza okumele kusetjenziswe ekuqedeni isakhiwo. Ngenxa yokuthi ukulungiswa kwezindonga zamapulangwe ngenqubo yokugcoba kuyinkimbinkimbi ngokwanele, abathengi abaningi bathenga izingodo zangaphambi kokuphathwa zokwakha indlu. Akudingi ukuqedela okungeziwe, futhi ukwakhiwa kubheka okukhangayo kakhulu kunalokho okwakuhlanganiswe nesamente, isikebhe noma i-plaster solution.