I umhlakanya ukuqalisa Loader: ekubuyiseleni OS

Umhlakanya kuyinto Loader ukuqalisa ezinguqulweni eziningi Linux uhlelo lokusebenza. Kungasiza ukuthi uhlele uphinde usebenzise ezimbili-boot kukhompyutha olulodwa amaningi ehlukene wokusebenza. Ngokwesibonelo, ungakwazi ukusebenza ku-Linux, kanti bonke abanye emva ukuqalisa phansi, besebenzisa amakhono amageyimu ye-Windows. Ngeshwa, ngo-Ukuphila kwanoma imuphi umsebenzisi zikhona izikhathi lapho, ngenxa yezizathu ezihlukahlukene kungase kudingeke ukuba ulungiswe ebhuthini. Kulesi sihloko, sizokutshela ngezimbangela kungenzeka kakhulu zalesi simo futhi izindlela buyisela futhi ukusebenza evamile ye-computer.

Imisebenzi OS Loader

Ake sibone ukuthi yini umsebenzi we Loader kukhompyutha, kanye nemiphumela umonakalo. Njengengxenye yesistimu yokusebenza, kuthatha phezu kusukela eziyisisekelo okokufaka-okukhipha uhlelo futhi uyaqhubeka ukugijima ngemuva POST. indima yalo iwukuba ukulungiselela imishini operation, kulayishwa ikhenela OS futhi ulithumele ukuphathwa eyengeziwe.

Ngakho, ukulimala Loader kuholela esimweni lapho emumva imishini yokuhlola, ngisho noma sekuqediwe ngaphandle amaphutha, nekhompyutha ungayitholi ikhenela wesistimu yokusebenza, ngakho-ke, uyisebenzise. OS uzokunika umyalezo wephutha kanye nokungakwazi ukuthola ukucushwa uqalisa.

The main izimbangela ukulimala kungaba:

• ukufaka OS wesibili kwenye disk kanzima;
• faka i-Windows e-dual ukuqalisa uhlelo;
• iphutha inqubo Partitioning disk hard izigaba.

Iqhaza umhlakanya

Ukuze kube kakhulu enembile, esimanjemanje inguqulo ye-Linux ayisebenzisi umhlakanya futhi zalo ezingaphezu yesimanje nguqulo ye umhlakanya 2. ukuqeda i sezimiso sibalo esihlokweni, elidala okufushane Uthole umhlakanya Legacy igama, kanye omusha ubizwa ngokuthi i-Linux abasebenzisi ajwayelekile igama. Ngeke futhi kufanele zehluke notation aqine.

Njengoba asebenzelana ngayo amagama, sicabanga ukuthi kungenzeka umhlakanya. Boot-Windows 7, okuvame kakhulu umndeni Microsoft, njengoba ngempela futhi zonke izinguqulo nezinye ngakho, akakwazi ayichaze amasistimu wefayela kwezinye izinhelo zokusebenza. Umhlakanya abhekana ngayo nalesi msebenzi.

Ngakho-ke, uma ikhompyutha yakho ine kokubili Linux kanye Windows, ukuqalisa ukulungisa kumele kwenziwe ku-Linux. Kungenjalo ungatholi yokukhetha OS ekuqaleni.

Indlela ukufaka OS

Njengoba sishilo, Windows 7 boot loader ngeke ukwazi ukucacisa khona omunye yesistimu yokusebenza kukhompyutha. Ngoba lesi sici Sekuyisikhathi eside kwaziwa, kukhona ezinye imithetho engabhaliwe izinhlelo nge-dual-boot:

• ukufaka izinguqulo eziningi Windows Yenziwe abasebasha umdala;
• Linux njalo efakwe emva "ifasitela" yesibili.

Ukwahluleka okuthobela nanoma umthetho wesibili kwenza ukuthi kube nesidingo ukwenza yokutakula umhlakanya. Lwe-Windows, okulandelayo Linux, kuvele Isula Loader ebhuthini, esikhundleni salo kube nokuthile kokwakhe, Ukuqonda matasa isikhala OS disk njengoba unallocated. Yiqiniso, ngaso sonke isikhathi ukuthi ulandele imithetho, ngisho nalapho wazi nabo. Noma kunjalo, ukuqonda indima futhi umsebenzi inhlava, ukubuyiselwa ukuziphatha kwakhe akunzima.

ukuqeqeshwa

Ngaphambi kokuqala noma imuphi umsebenzi operation kukhompyutha yakho iyadingeka ukulungiselela ngaphambi. Kuyinto ayihlukile neze futhi umhlakanya yokutakula. Ubuntu kwaba uhlelo lokusebenza lokuqala lapho wafike wasetshenziselwa Loader okuzenzakalelayo ebhuthini. LiveCD ngale nguqulo ye-Linux, okuyinto kuvumelana kancane efakwe inguqulo yesistimu yakho, futhi kuzothatha kithi.

LiveCD kulotshwe abezindaba okufushane esikhiphekayo Linux ukuthi kungenziwa ngebhuzu ngaphandle kokusebenzisa disk sekhompyutha kanzima. Ekuqaleni le ndlela iye yasetshenziselwa ukuhlola amakhono yesistimu yokusebenza. Buciko nge-boot yakhe, umsebenzisi angahlola OS ngaphandle kokuqhuba ukufakwa kwalo futhi uthole umqondo jikelele ke ngaphandle ingozi.

Onjalo disc lungasetshenziswa uma umonakalo umhlakanya Loader. Yokutakula ngosizo imibhalo enemininingwane emphakathini khulula. Izinguquko ezenzeka izakhiwo laptops, okungukuthi ukunyamalala kancane kancane entsha CD / DVD drive onobuhle, kuholele yokuthi igama elithi LiveCD has a incazelo ebanzi. It alisho nje ukuya CD, njengoba ekuqaleni, kodwa futhi-USB drive - USB flash drive.

Ngaphambi kokusebenzisa i-disc ezinjalo, qiniseka ukuthi uhlelo lwakho isikulungele Boot kusuka abezindaba esikhiphekayo. Ukwenza kanjalo ivuleke ku BIOS bese uhlole efakwe kudivayisi ukuqalisa kuqala.

yokutakula

Lapho yonke imisebenzi wokulungiselela kuyaqedwa futhi uhlelo usulungile - ukuqalisa kusukela LiveCD. Njengoba lezi ngemoto empeleni ngomumo yesistimu yokusebenza, uzobona ideskithophu version ajwayelekile Linux obakhethayo. izenzo Eminye kuzodinga amakhono sakugcina usebenzisa umugqa wemiyalo ukuthi OS. "Isikhumulo" kuyadingeka ukuze uthole bese uqale kwimenyu enkulu. Ku-window esivula, Linux umugqa wemiyalo, faka umyalo:

sudo fdisk -L

Ngenxa yalokho, uthola uhlu hard disk ngodonga lapho ufuna sithathe lowo iyasebenza Linux. In izinhlelo eziningi, lokhu kuyoba sda5. Uma unomzimba kulesi sigaba iyokwehluka - esikhundleni sibalo isiqu sakhe ku isidingo. Okulandelayo, simenza ukukhweza ngokusebenzisa umyalo olandelayo:

sudo khweza / dev / sda5 / MNT

Isinyathelo esilandelayo olufakayo bootloader entsha:

sudo umhlakanya ufake --root-lwemibhalo = / MNT / dev / sda

Ngemva imizuzwana embalwa, lesi saziso esilandelayo izovela umugqa wemiyalo:

Ukufakwa isiqedile. Alikho iphutha kubika.

Ngakho-ke, wena waloba ngempumelelo umhlakanya bootloader entsha. Yokutakula cishe igcwaliswe. Ukuqalisa futhi kulokhu ebhuthini isivele Linux, okuyinto efakwe kudiski kanzima. Kwakukhona omunye buyekeza operation sokugcina. Nalapha futhi, vula "Isikhumulo" bese ufaka lo myalo:

sudo buyekeza-umhlakanya

Lesi senzo liyadingeka ukuqinisekisa iphasiwedi impande. Ngemva kokusebenza wakhe, uthola futhi enazo zonke izinto kahle ichaza olufakiwe OS umhlakanya boot loader. Yokutakula kuqedile, ungakwazi ukusebenzisa ikhompuyutha ngendlela evamile.

Ekuphetheni

Njengoba ubona, lutho nzima ku lo msebenzi. Zonke izenzo kuyenziwa kwimodi ejwayelekile GUI. Uzibheka esidlule "ubhapathizo lomlilo" futhi wajoyina ibutho Abasebenzisi be-Linux.