LDL cholesterol luyanda: indlela yokunciphisa futhi lokho kuyinto ejwayelekile?

Cholesterol - ikhemikhali kuyadingeka kuwo wonke amangqamuzana zomzimba. Kuqukethwe ukubunjwa cell ulwelwesi. Cholesterol butholakala serum igazi kukodwa, kodwa kuyinto eziyinkimbinkimbi olulodwa amaprotheni ukuthi idluliswe. compounds maKristu abizwa lipoproteins.

Iqhaza cholesterol

Cholesterol has a umsebenzi obaluleke kakhulu emzimbeni:

• lena ingenye yezingxenye ebalulekile cell ulwelwesi, kubangela permeability zabo;
• Kuyinto eyandulela kumiswa hormone steroid (androgens, estrogens, corticosterone, cortisol, kanjalonjalo.);
• at iqhaza layo synthesis Bile acid.

cholesterol Ubude ayibalulekile prognostic ekunqumeni sengcupheni iziyo ischemic nezinye, kodwa inani layo eliphezulu kubonisa kudingeka ukutadishwa ka Esilula umzimba.

izinhlobo lipoproteins

Kunezinhlobo eziningana lipoproteins, kodwa linikeza kuphela labo ezimbili ezibaluleke kunazo zonke:

1. LDL - ukuminyana ongaphakeme.
2. HDL - high density.

Iqhaza ngamunye wabo akuvunyelwe kuchazwa, futhi ngokuqondile okuphambene mshini kuphazamiseka of lipid umzimba (i-cholesterol HDL futhi LDL), izinga ngalezi zinkomba kuyinto efanele ukuba 1.05 mmol / l kanye 4.5 mmol / l. Ngaphezu kwalokho, i-cholesterol amafraktjhini ne-triglyceride ukuphi. Zonke lezi zingxenye kuchazwa kulolu cwaningo unelungelo lipidogram. Lokhu kunqunywa ambalwa ukuhlaziywa kwamakhemikhali Imininingwane cholesterol, LDL, HDL ne-triglyceride.

LDL - "omubi" cholesterol, futhi i okuhlushwa anda kungase kubonise i sengozini enkulu yokuba izifo zenhliziyo nemithambo yegazi. LPVN, kunalokho, uba isici okuvikela okuvela isifo sokuqina kwemithambo yegazi.

cholesterol HDL

LPVN cholesterol amagugu ngezansi 1.03 mmol / l zingase zibonise ukuthi ingozi engathi sína ngoba isifo senhliziyo kanye isifo sokuqina kwemithambo yegazi, kungakhathaliseki ukuthi inani cholesterol okuhlushwa. Lezi zinombolo kubonisa kusenesikhathi izingozi, futhi zisetshenziselwa ukuhlola umphumela ukwelashwa okuhloswe ngazo ukwehlisa amazinga lipid egazini.

Izinkomba HDL elilingana 1.55 mmol / l noma ngaphezulu, ngokuphambene, lubonisa ukuthi kungenzeka ingozi factor zibangele isifo senhliziyo akwakhi noma sehliselwe zero.

Esikhathini ingxenyenamba LPVN zithutha 25% wenani cholesterol Imininingwane.

LDL cholesterol

High cholesterol LDL kudlala indima enkulu ekuthuthukiseni isifo senhliziyo kungase kubonise hyperlipidemia sitholwa njengefa. Lokhu kubonakaliswa ngenxa izifundo eziningi epidemiological futhi emtholampilo ukuthi futhi abonise impahla yayo atherogenic. Uma LDL cholesterol luyanda lihambisana triglyceride, le nhlanganisela kungase kubonise i sengozini enkulu yokuba isifo sokuqina kwemithambo yegazi. Le nhlanganisela lisita ekuhlonzweni yalesi sifo. Imiphumela yalolu cwaningo ukuhlola ukusebenza yokwelapha, okuhloswe ngalo ukwehlisa lipids e serum.

Uma LDL cholesterol lehliselwa, kungase kube umphumela ukungondleki noma malabsorption.

Cishe u-70% wezindleko cholesterol LDL isakhiwo ithatha.

LDL cholesterol liphakeme. Kuyini kube yingozi?

Ngamagama alula, i- "okubi" cholesterol (LDL) kuyinto molecule ezingaba oxidize futhi ukungena imithambo yegazi ukwakha ohlangothini engaphakathi qwembe atherosclerotic. Bona kakhulu zithikameze enomopho futhi kungenza ngisho ivimbele ngokuphelele inesikhala bomkhumbi igazi yakha ihlule legazi. Lokhu kungaholela ukuthuthukiswa acute isilethikusebenza.

Ukwakheka amahlule anjalo imithambo yegazi letiphakela igazi ebuchosheni, kungabangela unhlangothi.

Ngenxa yokuthi mafutha anciphisa isikhala esingaphakathi isitsha uncipha igazi, ngaphansi anomoya-mpilo, ukuba imisipha yenhliziyo mithi enganele. Lokhu kuphakamisa ukuthuthukiswa iziyo ischemic nezinye. Ngaphezu kwalokho, izindonga isitsha, okuyizinto kanzulu-plaque atherosclerotic, angabe esakwazi nokunwebeka. Uma LDL cholesterol liphakeme, ushaya kokubili inhliziyo nezitsha.

amazinga ekhulile yemiphumela LDL kungase kubangele ukuthuthukiswa izilonda atherosclerotic yezingalo nemilenze ephansi, futhi cholelithiasis et al.

LDL cholesterol: izinga kwabesifazane labesilisa

Cabangela izindinganiso ejwayelekile LDL cholesterol.

ubudala	amadoda	abesifazane	yokukala
eminyakeni engu-19	1,5-3,6	1,5-3,9	mmol / l
iminyaka engu-20 kuya-29 ubudala	1.5-4.5	1.5-4.2
iminyaka Kusukela 30 kuya 39 ubudala	2,0-4,9	1,8-4,4
Kusukela eminyakeni engu-40 no-49	2,3-5,3	2,0-4,9
iminyaka kusuka 50 kuya 59 ubudala	2,3-5,3	2,3-5,7
Kusukela eminyakeni engu-60 kuya ku 69	2,3-5,6	2,6-6,0
70 nangaphezulu	2,3-4,9	2,4-5,6

Ethebuleni ngaphezulu sibonisa kanjani, kuye ngokuthi yobudala kanye ocansini izinguquko, elinye iqembu ezinkulu iphrofayela lipid - LDL cholesterol. Sivamile abesifazane kuhlukile kancane kusukela zabesilisa. Lokhu kungenxa umehluko hormone phakathi kobulili. amagugu ejwayelekile LDL ezingabantu abaneminyaka engu-20 kuya ku-60 kancane kunakunoma nengxenye esihle. Nokho, eminyakeni eyalandela, konke izinguquko, futhi LDL cholesterol (kuyinsakavukela) e abesifazane baxoxelane nokusebenza zabesilisa ngisho kuba ethe xaxa. Ngakho ehlaselwe yokuntuleka hormone zesifazane ukuya esikhathini.

Futhi ezingeni layo kungaba nomthelela futhi sokusebenzisana lesifunda. Ngokwesibonelo, lo lokuhlushwa cholesterol abantu nasePakistan zithé kwezihlalo nezinye izizwe.

Izizathu LDL okwandisa

On ukwanda ngesilinganiso LDL kungathinta izici eziningana:

• izici yokudla okunempilo - ukungondleki kahle;
• yokuphila insufficiently esebenzayo;
• iziyaluyalu umzimba - ukhuluphele;
• ukubhema;
• basebenzisa kabi utshwala;
• izifo endocrine - sikashukela, i-hypothyroidism;
• nomfutho wegazi ophezulu;
• isifo sesibindi;
• hyperlipoproteinemia sitholwa njengefa.

Indlela ukucacisa cholesterol LDL?

Ukuze kutholakale izinga cholesterol ngokwanele ukuba unikele ngegazi kusukela umthambo ekamelweni ukwelashwa yanoma yimuphi umtholampilo. Udinga yokudluliselwa sikadokotela enzela LDL cholesterol ukuhlaziywa. It ingatholakala edilini lomshado ngesikhathi owelapha, wenhliziyo, udokotela ohlinzayo noma isifundo pre-yezokwelapha.

Igazi LDL cholesterol ukuhlaziywa shall ekuseni esiswini esingenalutho. Ngobusuku obandulela, kuyatuseka ukuba ukudla okunamafutha, futhi dinner kumele kube kungakapheli 19,00. Kungenjalo, kweqiniso cholesterol izibalo zingase kancane uhlanekezelwe.

Umphumela yokuhlaziya angatholakala ngosuku olulandelayo. Uma kubonakala sengathi LDL cholesterol luyanda, ukuphathwa udokotela. Ngamagama cholesterol Imininingwane phezu 10 mmol / l kanye okusezingeni eliphezulu LDL ingxenyenamba tingafundziswa yokwemukela yenhliziyo labagula noma ehleliwe ukwelashwa sinenkonzo yokunakekela iziguli emakhaya. Cishe, ukwelashwa statin Kunconywa. Uma LDL cholesterol liphakeme, kanye nezindlela jikelele futhi okungezona kwemithi musa kungasizi, statin angaqokwa ukuphila.

Ukwehlisa cholesterol yayingenayo imithi

Ngaphambi kokuqala ane-ukwehlisa izidakamizwa, kudingeka uzame ukwenza lokho nge uhlobo olukhethekile lokudla okufanele nokuvivinya umzimba okufanele. Indlela wehlise LDL cholesterol ngaphandle amaphilisi? Avamile ukuvivinya umzimba okusesilinganisweni ngaphambi kungasiza ekuxazululeni le nkinga. Akunjalo ngempela ukuya ejimini futhi aqeqeshe kanzima lapho. Uma kungekho isifo esimiso senhliziyo nemithambo yegazi, kungenzeka ukwenza encane yemizuzu engu-30 gijima ngesikhathi sabo mahhala, kodwa udinga unake ishayela. Kumelwe kungabi ngaphezu evamile ngaphezu kuka-80%, okusho ukuthi ngokushesha ngemva gijima ishayela 100-140 ngomzuzu - .. Ingabe kuyinsakavukela. Futhi emva 5-10 imizuzu, kufanele ubuyele amagugu alo avamile - 60-80 amabhithi ngeminithi.

Ngezinye izikhathi iphelela kuthiwa contraindicated, kulesi simo, ikhambi ephelele kungaba ukuhamba ngomzuzu-40 ngejubane evamile.

Ukudla ukuba Cholesterol Lower

Ngesikhathi esifanayo umsebenzi ngokomzimba kufanele sokuwushintsha yabo izintandokazi. Kunzima ukukwenza, kodwa sikhuluma impilo, ngakho-ke lesi sinyathelo kuyadingeka.

Kufanele ngaphandle kusukela ekudleni yonke imikhiqizo, okuhlanganisa eningi fat ayegcwele. Lezi zihlanganisa:

• Zonke ayi;
• yonke imikhiqizo inyama;
• Zonke amakhekhe namakhekhe, amakhekhe amabhisikidi;
• nokunamanoni;
• amafutha;
• amafutha yemifino (ngaphandle soy rapeseed nommbila);
• ukhilimu kanye ukhilimu omuncu;
• imayonnaise;
• ushizi kanzima.

Izithelo, imifino kanye nesiphuzo fresh kuzo, kunalokho, kutuswa ukuba afake ekudleni kwakho. inhlanzi Marine nalo luyoba usizo, isb. A. Iqukethe i-omega-3. ethinini ewusizo Ikakhulukazi ne-salmon esethinini, kodwa izinhlanzi akufanele anosawoti noma ethosiwe. Kungcono steamed noma wabhaka kuhhavini.

Kunalokho ababuthakathaka itiye eliluhlaza futhi ngezinga elithile wehlisa ikholesteroli, t. K. Ubunjwe flavonoid, bayakwazi ukuqinisa izindonga imithambo yegazi.

Abanye ochwepheshe bakholelwa ukuthi ukuphuza iwayini elibomvu okuncane kakhulu bayakwazi ukunciphisa izinga cholesterol embi. ososayensi Okunye ngedatha bengavumelani futhi bathi utshwala, ngisho ngemithamo emincane, kubangela ukulimala emzimbeni. Ngakho-ke, le ndlela yokwelapha kungcono kakhulu ukuba bahlehlise nje bonke ochwepheshe akafikanga ukuvumelana.

Sekutholakele ukuthi kukhona imikhiqizo, ukusetshenziswa njalo okungaba cholesterol ephansi ngo-10%. Lezi zihlanganisa:

1. Nuts - bakwazi ukugxambukela ukumuncwa inama umzimba. Kodwa ukusebenzisa kwabo kufanele igcine (hhayi amayunithi ezingaphezu kuka-10-12 ngosuku), t. Ukuze. Ziyakwazi kakhulu uma kilojoule.
2. Okusanhlamvu - oats, ibhali kanye nelayisi sasendle bran aqukethe fibre ezidingekayo ukuze kokudla esiswini kuhle.
3. Soy, kunalokho isoflavones okumunyethwe kuwo, uyakwazi ukwehlisa LDL cholesterol.
4. Polyunsaturated zemifino amafutha (inkinobho yomcibisholo wokuphenya, linseed, lamantongomane, canola nommbila) ne cholesterol aphezulu e ukudla nawe ungadla. Lemibiko amafutha eliqukethe polyunsaturated okunamafutha acid uyakwazi ukwehlisa cholesterol. Kunconywa ukugcwalisa salads yabo.
5. inhlanzi Marine kufanele kube izikhathi okungenani 3 ngesonto kufakwe imenyu.
6. Noma yimuphi izithelo nemifino ane-fiber encibilikayo, zisiza ukuhlukana emzimbeni LDL cholesterol. ewusizo Ikakhulukazi ukukufaka ekudleni iklabishi, izaqathe, izithelo ezisawolintshi, apula kanye amabhilikosi. Ubhontshisi Legumes ikakhulukazi ewusizo.
7. Kukholakala ukuthi garlic, ikakhulukazi lihambisana lemon, ikwazi ukuhlanza of zingcwecwe cholesterol imithambo yegazi. Le mikhiqizo amabili ayingxenye inqwaba zokupheka athandwayo ukuze ahlanze imithambo yegazi kanye ukwehlisa cholesterol.

Uma LDL cholesterol ngezansi evamile, kulesi simo akudingi ukwelashwa. Lokhu kungase kube sibangelwa ukungadli kahle futhi ongaphakeme ikhalori ukudla. Kulokhu, kufanele ubuyele ku-ukudla okunempilo. Lokhu kuyoba okwanele.

ukwelashwa izidakamizwa

Kwavela ukuthi ukwanda LDL cholesterol inendima enkulu kakhulu ekuthuthukeni isifo sokuqina kwemithambo yegazi. Ukuvimbela ukwakheka kwalesi sifo kanye nezinkinga zalo, ezingeni udinga sihlale njalo siqaphele kule ndaba, ikakhulukazi uma kukhona nezici ezithile ukuze izithelo zalo. Uma LDL cholesterol liphakeme, ukwelashwa kufanele ibhekane wenhliziyo.

Uma yokudla nokuvivinya umzimba ungazange basizwa ukuba babhekane amazinga aphezulu cholesterol, kufanele oyinikezwe imithi udokotela. Kungaba:

• statin;
• Niacin (nicotinic acid);
• fibrates noma fibric acid nosawoti okuyinto ukunciphisa izinga triglyceride futhi LPVN okwandisa kanye nokuncipha ngokulandelana "okubi" cholesterol ingxenyenamba - LDL;
• Bile acid sequestrants;
• cholesterol ukumuncwa inhibitor (ukulungiselela "Ezetimibe");
• Izithako zokudla aqukethe ukubunjwa yayo i-omega-3 okunamafutha acid.

statin

Mayelana statin kufanele ukhulume kabanzi. Ziyakwazi chemical okuyinto bayakwazi ukunciphisa ukukhiqizwa enzyme. Ngaphandle kwawo, ngeke kube zamagama cholesterol emzimbeni.

Kubalulekile ukukhumbula ukuthi udinga ukuthatha statin ngokuhlukile nezinye izidakamizwa ukuthi ukunciphisa cholesterol futhi ayikwazi kuhlangene edonsa ubhamubhamu juice. Lokhu kungenxa yokuthi indlela yokwakheka ubhamubhamu lunezinto ezingathinta kwesibindi enzyme obhekene uyayidiliza statin. Ngakho, umzimba aqoqana emakamu anda statin, ngaphezu kokudingekile. Lokhu kungaholela isibindi imisipha nokucekelwa isakhiwo.

Izinhlobo ezivame kakhulu ama-statin Ulandela eRussia:

• Umuthi 'Lovastatin "- kunganciphisa cholesterol ngo-25%.
• Kusho "Fluvastatin" - kwehlisa cholesterol ngu 29%.
• Nomuthi "Simvastatin" - kunciphisa izinga cholesterol ngu 38%.
• Kusho "Atorvastatin" - kungaba cholesterol ephansi lokuhlushwa ngo-47%.
• Umuthi 'Rosuvastatin "(elinye igama layo -" Merten ") - the statin ephumelela kunazo laziwa kabanzi ukwehlisa cholesterol kuze kube u-55%.

statin yemvelo

Ngaphezu kwalokho ukuthaka imithi, ngokwemvelo kukhona izitshalo eziningi eziqukethe statin yemvelo, kodwa lokuhlushwa lezi izinto ezibonakalayo isitshalo kancane kakhulu kunalokho umthamo. Noma kunjalo, angasetshenziswa ukwelapha.

Statin ku amacembe nezimpande futhi Eleutherococcus ginseng eshiya ukhova futhi yomile Chaga ukhunta. Eziningana ezincane kuno kwabo izitshalo, engatholwa ezindaweni suburban, yilezi:

• lemongrass;
• fenugreek;
• wort iSt John sika;
• hawthorn;
• RHAPONTICUM CARTHAMOIDES;
• Rhodiola rosea.

Lokhu kwaziswa isitshalo lingasetshenziswa singly noma uhlanganise futhi ulungiselele ezikhishwe amanzi kulo ngokusebenzisa olunye okugeza amanzi athathwe yesidlo. Lokhu kwelashwa kungapheli, ubude bayo kungaba izinyanga 4-6 noma ngaphezulu.

isiphetho

Uma izinyathelo ze-non-kwemithi ukulwa cholesterol musa asize, kanye nokusebenza kwakhe namanje okusezingeni eliphezulu, kufanele uxhumane nodokotela futhi unamathele izincomo zayo.