Igor Stravinsky: Biography nesithombe

Igor Stravinsky, ogama biography is okwethulwa kulesi sihloko - ovelele Russian umqambi, wopiyano futhi umqhubi. He is kuvakashe ummeleli wendlunkulu yesimanjemanje zomculo. Igor Fedorovich - omunye abameleli enkulu yomhlaba yobuciko.

biography

Ngo 1882, June 17, wazalwa Igor Stravinsky. Umlando Omfushane umqambi kunikeza abazali umbono wokuthi lapho umfana waba ukoma ezifana umculo. Uyise - Feodor Ignatievich - ecula i-opera, soloist we Mariinsky Theatre, Ezigcwalisiwe Umculi Russia. Umama Anna Kirillovna kwaba wopiyano. Wathatha iqhaza amakhonsathi yokusekela umyeni wakhe njengoba i accompanist. Umkhaya isingathwe ekhaya abaculi, abaculi kanye abalobi. A guest njalo ngesikhathi Stravinsky kwaba F. M. Dostoevsky. Kusukela ebuntwaneni exhunywe umculo Igor Stravinsky. Izithombe abazali umqambi okwethulwa kulesi sihloko.

Eminyakeni 9, umqambi esizayo waqala ukuthatha upiyano izifundo. Lapho Igor Fedorovich kuphothula esikoleni samabanga aphakeme, abazali ethi wathola iziqu zomthetho wakhe. umqambi Ikusasa wafunda Petersburg University futhi nalo ngokuzimela wafunda eyala zomculo-theory. esikoleni kwayo ukwakheka kwadingeka izifundo ngasese Igor Fedorovich ayithatha UNikolai Rimsky-Korsakov. Ngaphansi kobuholi lo muntu omkhulu Stravinsky wabhala imisebenzi yakhe yokuqala. Ngo-1914, Igor Fedorovich wathutha nomkhaya wakhe eSwitzerland. Ngokushesha ngemva kweMpi Yezwe Yokuqala, ngenxa okuyinto Stravinsky akazange ngibuyele eRussia. Ngemva konyaka, umqambi ngathuthela eFrance. Kusukela ngo-1936, Igor Fedorovich waqala ukuhamba e-United States ngo-uhambo. Ngemva kwaqala iMpi Yezwe II, wathuthela unomphela eMelika. Ngo-1944 Stravinsky wenza ilungiselelo elingavamile US ukucula iculo lesizwe futhi kwenziwe umsebenzi ekhonsathini. Ngenxa yalesi eboshwa. Yayinesikweleti Isijeziso liculo ukuhlanekezela. Umqambi yena ayethanda hhayi obala ngalesi sigameko futhi njalo ukuthi eqinisweni babungekho. Ngo-1945 umqambi waba isakhamuzi American. Igor Fedorovich washona ngo-1971. Imbangela yokufa - ukumelwa inhliziyo. umqambi Russian is wangcwatshwa emathuneni San Michele, Venice.

ngendlela yokudala

Njengoba ngishilo ngenhla, ngaphansi kokuqondisa UNikolai Rimsky-Korsakov wabhala imisebenzi yakhe yokuqala ngqá Igor Stravinsky. Umqambi baziyisa umphakathi, futhi enye yalezi ukusebenza yahanjelwa Sergei Diaghilev. Wancoma umculo Igorya Stravinskogo. Maduzane, impresario abadumile aphakanyisiwe Igor Fedorovich nokubambisana. Yayala ukuba ngokubhala umculo ngokuba ballet i "Izinkathi Russian" yakhe e-Paris. Stravinsky wabambisana Diaghilev iminyaka emithathu phakathi nalesi sikhathi okubhale yakhe ballets inkampani ezintathu ezamenza adumile:. "I Rite of Spring," "Petrushka" nesithi "Firebird" Ngo-1924, Igor Fedorovich seziqalile ukusetshenziswa wakhe njengoba wopiyano. umsebenzi wakhe - Concerto ngoba Piano futhi Wind Orchestra - kwenziwe enkundleni Igor Stravinsky. Conductor ebonakaliswa kuye ngaphambi kwalokho. Ekhonza kuleso sabelo, akhonza khona kusukela 1915 kuya 1926. Ngokuyinhloko wayeqhubela ukusebenza emisebenzini yakhe siqu. Wayengene afune izinto ngenkani kwabanye abaculi. Eminyakeni 50-60, senziwa inkulumo eqoshiwe eminingi yemisebenzi yakhe. Ngo-1962, Stravinsky yavakasha e-USSR.

ukuphila Siqu

Ngo-1906, umqambi washada umzala wakhe - Ekaterina Nosenko. Kwaba umshado bothando olukhulu. Stravinsky Lo mbhangqwana waba nezingane ezine: Milena, ULyudmila noTheodore Svetoslav. Amadodana baba abaculi abadumile. Fedor - ungumculi, futhi Svyatoslav - wopiyano nomqambi wezingoma. indodakazi ULyudmila kwakuyilungelo unkosikazi imbongi Yury Mandelstam. Ngenxa yokuthi Catherine wayehlushwa isifo sofuba, Stravinsky kwesokunxele ebusika e-Switzerland, umoya onomswakama Petersburg nethonya elilimazayo impilo yakhe. Ngo-1914, Igor Fedorovich nomkhaya wakubo okwadingeka ukuze uhlale e-Switzerland isikhathi eside, abakwazanga ngibuyele eRussia ngenxa kokugqashuka kweMpi Yezwe Yokuqala, kulandelwa revolution ilandelwe. Zonke efeni lakhe, imali eseleyo eRussia, umndeni walahlekelwa. Leli qiniso waqonda njengoba enhlekeleleni Igor Stravinsky. umndeni umqambi kwakungu kunalokho enkulu, futhi zonke kwadingeka efuna ukuphiwa ukudla. Ngaphezu nomkakhe nezingane zabo ezine, udade ngaphezulu, abashana nonina. Stravinsky kule nkathi isidlulile ukuthola imiklomelo ngoba ukusebenza imisebenzi yabo eRussia. Lokhu kwenzeke ngenxa yokuthi ukuthi ayesuka. Zonke azibhala ezweni lethu, wavunyelwa ukwenza ngaphandle kokukhokha imali umbhali. Ukuze alungise leso simo zezimali, uhlelo olusha imisebenzi yakhe Igor Stravinsky. ukuphila Siqu umqambi zazingahambi ezinganekwaneni zayo. Wabhekisa isixhazululo nendaba ne Koko Shanel. Lapho Stravinsky lalingenalutho bazitholele okokuziphilisa, Mademoiselle umsize. Wamema umqambi nomkhaya wakhe ukuba aphile villa wakhe. Igor Fedorovich wayehlala Mademoiselle Chanel iminyaka emibili. Yena exhasiwe inhlangano amakhonsathi ngu Stravinsky nomkhaya wakhe equkethwe. Lapho umqambi wayengasakwazi abahlala villa wakhe, Coco ngisho okuningi njengoba engu-13 ubudala emthumelela imali njalo ngenyanga. Konke lokhu emenza amahemuhemu mayelana romance yabo. Ngaphezu kwalokho, Coco wayengowesifazane onothando. Kodwa kuyangabazeka ukuthi lezi kunamahlebezi iqiniso. Stravinsky nesithakazelo izimali kuphela French.

Ngo-1939, umka-Igor Fedorovich wafa. Ngemva kwesikhathi esithile, Stravinsky futhi washada. Umkakhe wesibili kwaba umngane endala umqambi - Vera Arturovna Sudeykina.

isikhathi Russian emisebenzini

Igor Stravinsky, ogama izithombe ethulwa kulesi sihloko, lapho besanda kuqala umsebenzi wakhe - kuyinto iminyaka 1908-1923 - wabhala ikakhulukazi ballet futhi opera. Le nkathi umsebenzi wakhe ubizwa ngokuthi "Russian." Yonke imisebenzi ebhalwe kuye ngalesi sikhathi, abe kuningi abafana ngakho. Kuzo zonke zikhona Motifs netingcikitsi kusukela temdzabu Russian. I-ballet "I Firebird 'bubonakala ngokucacile izinkondlo nezici zendlela yokubhala nobuntu imisebenzi Rimsky-Korsakov.

isikhathi Neoclassical emisebenzini

Lena esigabeni esilandelayo sokuthuthuka lokusungula umqambi. Lo mbuso waqhubeka ubusa kuze 1954. Qala-ke wabeka opera "Mavra". Ngesisekelo le nkathi kwaba reinterpretation izitayela kanye izitayela umculo kwekhulu le-18. Ekupheleni kwalesi sikhathi ekuthuthukiseni umsebenzi wakhe umqambi libhekisela endulo, kuya zamaGreki zasendulo. ballet "Orpheus" kanye opera "Persephone" yalotshwa. umsebenzi Kugcine Stravinsky ezihlobene neoclassicism, iyona "Inqubekela hala sika". Lokhu opera ngu imidwebo uWilliam Hogarth sika.

isikhathi yomkhiqizo emisebenzini

Eminyakeni 50 Igor Stravinsky baqala ukusebenzisa isimiso seriality. umsebenzi Transitional kwalesi sikhathi kwaba Cantata, abhalwe amavesi engaziwa izimbongi ngesiNgisi. Kusobala Imininingwane polifonizatsiya umculo. imisebenzi ezalandela sikhathi babe serial ngokuphelele, lapho umqambi ngokuphelele Ukubukeka. "IsiLilo zomprofethi uJeremiya," uloba dodecaphony ngokuphelele.

Usebenzela ethiyetha zomculo

Uhlu opera, ballets, inganekwane futhi izigcawu eyabhalwa umqambi Igor Stravinsky:

• "Umshado" (Libretto Igorya Stravinskogo).
• "Ballet kwenkundla."
• "Petrushka" (Libretto by A. Benoit).
• "Agon".
• "Playing Cards" (Libretto Igorya Stravinskogo).
• "Apollo Musaget".
• "I Firebird" (Libretto by M. Fokine).
• "Persephone".
• "Kiss Fairy sika" (Libretto Igorya Stravinskogo).
• "Pulcinella".
• "Mavra" (Libretto ngu B. Kohno ngenkondlo ngu Aleksandra Sergeevicha Pushkina).
• "Kusukela Esikhathini SakaKhukhulamungu."
• "Renard, Iqhude, ikati kanye Ram" (Libretto Igorya Stravinskogo).
• "Orpheus".
• Ngaba "Isosha Story" (Libretto Sh.F.Ramyu esekelwe Russian inganekwane).
• "I Rite of Spring."
• "Inqubekela I hala sika" (Libretto by Charles W. Auden futhi Kollmena ezithombeni uWilliam Hogarth).
• "Oedipus Rex".
• "Nightingale" (S. Libretto Mitusova tale G. H. Andersen).

Uhlu imisebenzi ye-orchestra

• "Umngcwabo Iculo".
• Symphony e C.
• Scherzo ngesitayela Russian.
• "Ikhonsathi nokudansa."
• Ukubingelela Prelude.
• Symphony es dur.
• "Dumbarton Oaks".
• Concerto for Violin futhi Orchestra D Major.
• "Iziqhumane".
• "Circus Polka okwesikhathi indlovu abasha."
• Divertimento.
• "I Firebird" - suite kusukela ballet.
• Capriccio ngoba Piano futhi Orchestra.
• "Abane kwemizwelo Norwegian."
• Basel show.
• Scherzo Isitayela.
• "Pulcinella" Suite ephuma kwi-ballet.
• Ukuhluka esizinikezele inkumbulo Aldous Huxley.
• Oda.
• Concerto for upiyano, zethusi ababedlala izinsimbi, Timpani futhi basses.
• "Movement" I-upiyano futhi weqembu lomculo wezinsimbi.
• Symphony ezingxenyeni ezintathu.

i-choir

Igor Stravinsky wabhala eziningi imisebenzi choral. Phakathi kwabo:

• "Inkumbulo Introit."
• "Symphony yamaHubo" (I-choir kanye-orchestra).
• "IsiLilo zomprofethi uJeremiya."
• Cantata "Le ntshumayelo, umfanekiso nokuthandaza" (I-alto, tenor, umlandzi, kanyekanye, nawo-orchestra).
• "Creed" (umsebenzi choir ngaphandle kwezinsimbi zomculo).
• Cantata ngenkondlo K. Balmont "Zvezdoliky".
• "Baba wethu" (I-choir ngaphandle kwezinsimbi zomculo).
• "Umngcwabo iculo."
• "Jabulani O Virgin uNina kaNkulunkulu."
• Cantata elithi "Babiloni" (I-umlandzi, ngoma amadoda kanye-orchestra).
• lokubonga oyingcwele St. Mark.
• "IMisa" (I-choir okuxubile, ihambisane nohlelo Ensemble zomculo ezifuthwayo).
• Cantata ku izinkondlo by izimbongi engaziwa of England 15-16 eminyaka.
• "Podblyudnye" - Russian ongumlimi izingoma choir zabesifazane.
• Hymn to the TS Eliot inkondlo.

Uhlu ekamelweni imisebenzi

• Ebony Concerto.
• Elegy for Viola.
• Three Pieces ngoba Clarinet.
• Ngaba "Isosha Story" - suite kusukela opera ngoba violin, Clarinet nopiyano.
• Symphony ngoba Imimoya abazinikezele Debussy.
• Duo Concertante.
• Three Pieces ngoba String Quartet.
• Epitaph ukuze lethuna M. Egon.
• Kuyisandulela band jazz.
• Concertino ngoba String Quartet.
• Ragtime.
• Dual inkumbulo njengeziyingxenye yohlu lwezincwadi zeBhayibheli R. Dyufi.
• Isasasa for amapayipi amabili.
• Septet for Strings, Imimoya futhi Piano.
• Lullaby abalobi ababili.
• OCTET ngoba Imimoya.

Ikhumbule umqambi

Igama Igorya Stravinskogo isikole zomculo, esemgwaqweni Oranienbaum. izitembu zemali engunyaza behlonipha kompoziora. Edolobheni isiFulentshi Montreux has ehholo umculo yaqanjwa Igorya Stravinskogo. Emhlabeni Mercury has a wentaba ezibizwa ngegama lakhe. Igama elithi "Igor Stravinsky" kukhona isikebhe izivakashi kanye endizeni "Aeroflot" A-319. Yokudumisa umqambi omkhulu Russian okuthiwa: emgwaqweni e-Amsterdam, umthombo e Paris, umhubhe endaweni Lausanne Oranienbaum. E-Ukraine (naseVolyn) kuyinto umnyuziyamu Igorya Stravinskogo. Futhi kukhona kusukela 1994, elibamba i international music festival okuthiwa ngemva kwalokhu umqambi, umqhubi, edlala nopiyano.