Imali kanye essence yayo

Ngoba ifomu imali lenani ushintsho (imali-lezimpahla, lezimpahla-imali), bahlale ngokulingene phakathi izifundo ezintathu, olokuqala okuyizinto abantu zemvelo, kwesibili - nezinhlelo ezihlukahlukene zomnotho, kanye yesithathu yona nezikhulu zikahulumeni.

ukuzungeza Monetary - ukuhanjiswa kwemali, kwenzekani ukheshe noma cashless fomu. Ngesisekelo kule nqubo, nokwahlukaniswa kwemisebenzi emphakathini kanye nezinga ukuthuthukiswa ukukhiqiza. Ngosizo lwemali olukhona uyakwazi ukuba umkhiqizo benana zokukhiqiza nomphakathi, kanye nokuhlinzekwa kwemisebenzi kanye nokunyakaza dolobha.

Isimiso of ubudlelwano lezimpahla-imali esekelwe yokuthi zidinga ethile namarisidi wezimali ukuze bayothola ukwelashwa.

Imali kwegazi has amafomu amabili kuqala:

- Cash. Lokhu lwemali isetshenziswa okuhlinzeka izimpahla kanye namasevisi, futhi ukukhokha izimpesheni, amaholo kanye nezinye izinzuzo sabantu. Lokhu uhlobo imali kwegazi isetjenziswa ngosizo amanothi, imali metal, amasheke, amakhadi esikweletu izikweletu.

- non-cash. Leli fomu libhekene ukuhamba ukubaluleka lapho ukheshi akuyona ngokuqondile. Ukubala wenziwa ngo-akhawunti of credit izikhungo.

Lwemali, esekelwe non-cash izinkokhelo, ngamaqembu amabili. Eyokuqala wabo siphathelene yokukhokha kwezimpahla namasevisi. Ngokuqondene yesibili, it siqukethe izinkokhelo ezenziwe isabelomali (izintela), kanye izinkokhelo mali, ukukhokha inzalo ngoba loan kanye ukubuyiswa kwemali imali ebhange.

Qaphela ukuthi imali kanye non-ukwelashwa unobuhlobo ezithile, ukuba khona okwemvelo. Iqiniso lokuthi imali libhekene inguqulelo isakhiwo ifomu eyodwa kuya kwenye. Ngenxa izinhlobo zokwelapha bakha isimo inzuzo yezezimali, behlanganiswe olulodwa lwemali.

Kukhona into okuthiwa umthetho imali kwegazi, okuyinto zavela Karl Marks. essence yayo itholakala iqiniso ukuthi usetha inani capital, okuyinto imfuneko ukusebenza nemisebenzi izindlela zokuxhumana kanye yokukhokha.

ukuzungeza yezimali ze ekusebenzeni kahle kudinga ethile dolobha, okuyinto kuxhomeke ezicini eziningana, njenge:

- izimpahla kanye nezinsizakalo ithengiswe

- Amazinga intengo izimpahla kanye yamanani.

- Capital Velocity, okuyinto kuthonywa kokubili izinkinga zomnotho (ukuthuthukiswa ukukhiqiza), kanye nesakhiwo ukuthengiselana lokukhokha.

Inani zemali in kwegazi ngokuqondile okuhlobene izimo zokukhiqiza, uma nokwahlukaniswa kwemisebenzi emphakathini is ngokufanele athuthukile, kukhona umthamo eliphezulu izimpahla ezithengisiwe futhi amasevisi anikezwa. Uma umkhiqizo uphakeme, yenani lezimpahla nezinkonzo amanani kuyoba aphansi kakhulu. Futhi, inani lemali kuncike ngokuqondile ngaphansi kwemibandela ethile, isibonelo:

- Kusukela ivolumu kwezimpahla adayiswa namasevisi.

- Kusukela amanani kanye yamanani amazinga inkonzo.

- degree of ukuthuthukiswa yokukhokha cashless.

- Kusukela Isivinini lemali, phakathi lapho kukhona credit.

Elinesimo ethile yemali kwegazi izinga okuyinto kunqunywa inani linemibhikisho we phiko yemali isikhathi esithile. Iqiniso lokuthi lwemali okufanayo kudluliselwa isuka kwesinye isandla iye futhi isebenza ukuqinisekisa ukuthi izimpahla ezithengisiwe yemisebenzi ababeyenzile.

Ngaleso sikhathi, lapho lisetshenziswa babe zemali zegolide, inombolo yabo emakethe inakekelwa angesabi. Ekhuluma ewukuhlakanipha okwenziwe umlamuli isinyathelo sokrovischnaya umsebenzi esasiklanyelwe ukusungula ukulingana phakathi izimpahla ezidingekayo ukuphathwa, izimpahla imali. Uma kukhona imali eyengeziwe, benza okuthile okuyigugu. Uma uyidinga, ngoba inani izimpahla yanda, bona zisusiwe khona.