Indlela yokubona nezimbobo evulekile?

Khathesi sizakwenza ngombuzo yokuthi kuyini nezimbobo evulekile. Kulo mbuzo kufanele uqonde, uma traffic Inthanethi uqala "Ukuhamba engazelelwe" endaweni ababengayazi. Okokuqala, kufanele sibone lapho, yini uhlelo nalokho lisebenzisa. Ngokusekelwe kulolu lwazi kungenzeka ukuze alungise leso simo.

izicelo inethiwekhi

Kunezimo lapho ungafuni ukusebenzisa isicelo sokuthi isebenzisa inethiwekhi kwethulwa walo. Uma kunjalo, kubalulekile ukuba uhlole ukuthi amatheku avulekele ukuthi uhlelo isebenzisa umsebenzi wayo. Isimo lapho udinga ukuthola uhlu nezimbobo evulekile, zenzeka njalo.

Ukuze ubone uhlu, kumele usebenzise i-third-party port scanner, inhlangano ejwayelekile okusebenza izinhlelo Windows ne-Linux: netstat. It uyagijima kusukela ajwayelekile umugqa wemiyalo. Ukuze uqale, shayela umugqa wemiyalo. Lokhu kungafezwa ngezindlela ezimbili. Ngokuphathelene ukhetho lokuqala, ukuya "Qala" imenyu kuya "Gijima."

Ku-window okuholela, faka «cmd», bese ucindezela «Faka». Enye indlela ukusebenzisa edingekayo umugqa wemiyalo "ngezandla", okungukuthi, ngokuya "System32 le" ifolda, sebenzisa "cmd.exe" uhlelo.

netstat

Ukuze uthole ukuthi lapho nezimbobo zivuliwe, esigabeni esilandelayo sethula Umbuso «netstat». Ngenxa yale njongo, umugqa wemiyalo, okuyinto umkhankaso ngaphambili, faka «netstat», bese ucindezela «Faka».

Labo abasebenzisi ukuthi lolu lwazi akwanele, angafaka isicelo amakhono leli thuluzi ngo egijima ngayo -H ekhethekile ukhiye, ngamanye amazwi, zama ukuthayipha umugqa wemiyalo «netstat -H». Endabeni «netstat -B» Umbuso ukhiye sizobonisa nezimbobo evulekile, kanye izinhlelo ezisebenzisa lezi nezimbobo umsebenzi wabo siqu.

Kunenye ewusizo ukhiye «netstat 5". Uma uyisebenzisa, uzobona nje kuphela emachwebeni evulekile, kodwa futhi ukwazi usakaze ulwazi buyekeza idatha entsha azoboniswa njalo ngemizuzwana 5. Ukumisa ukuvela ulwazi ngokhiye esibekiwe, kuzomele usebenzise ukuhlanganiswa «Ctrl + C» ukhiye.

Ukutadisha Imininingwane wathola

Ifasitela lesikhuthazimiyalo kuzovula nezimbobo. Kungaba kanje: ngqo umugqa wemiyalo uzobe ihlukaniswe izingxenye 4. Lakwesobunxele izoveza igama olandelwayo, kwesibili - domain, futhi ngemva ikholoni kuyinto echwebeni evulekile, futhi eyesithathu ingxenye - ikheli zangaphandle, owesine - isimo.

Ukuvula nezimbobo Windows

Okulandelayo sizobe sesibheka indlela ukuvula port -Windows. Ukusebenza sokuvula nezimbobo ku-Windows 7 kanye nabasebenzisi Vista can ngokusebenzisa amathuluzi ejwayelekile yesistimu yokusebenza ngaphandle ukubandakanyeka isofthiwe ekhethekile ezivela konjiniyela third-party.

Cindezela inkinobho "Qala" ukuze bakhuphule semenyu uhlelo, ukuya "Control Panel" ukuze uqale kuvulwa izimbobo inqubo e-Windows-firewall.

Izikhombo yenziwe "Ukuphepha", ukuya "firewall Windows». Khetha ngaphansi kwesihloko esithi "Izilungiselelo ezithuthukisiwe", okuyinto ubeka uhlangothi sobunxele ewindini isicelo. Ngemva kwalokho, faka iphasiwedi nomqondisi. Kuyadingeka ukungena emkhakheni ezifanele emva ukuvela iwindi ukugunyazwa.

Reveal isixhumanisi, okubhekisele isinqumo zohlelo kwethulwa ngokusebenzisa i-Windows firewall, bese ukhetha isigaba imithetho uxhumano engenayo. Cacisa into okuthiwa "okusha Rule", ukusebenzisa umsebenzi "Engeza port" ukumhlinza sokuvula port ethize. Chofoza inkinobho "Okulandelayo", ufake igama elikuvumela ukuhlobanisa wathi port evulekile.

"Igama" le njongo, inkambu okuhambisanayo. Ngenisa eziningi echwebeni akhethiwe emkhakheni ezifanele "Port", chofoza inkinobho "Okulandelayo". Cacisa oyifunayo protocol (ke kungaba TCP noma UDP) ezinsukwini ezilandelayo ibhokisi lengxoxo, okuyinto enikelwe amatheku kanye yezifiso. Sebenzisa ibhokisi isheke kwento "Vumela ukuxhum" ngokuya kuwindi elilandelayo "Izenzo".

Isigaba sokugcina

Sisebenzisa amabhokisi isheke kuwo wonke amasimu ebhokisini lengxoxo elilandelayo onesihloko esithi "iphrofayela", chofoza "Qedile" ukusebenzisa izinguquko ezikhethiwe. Cindezela inkinobho ngokuthi "Shintsha ububanzi" ukukhetha inani kumakhompyutha ugunyaziwe ukusebenzisa port ekhethiwe. Cacisa ukubaluleka oyifunayo.

Phinda inqubo ngenhla ngayinye emachwebeni, okuyinto kuncike ekutholakaleni. Iqalise ikhompyutha yakho ukusebenzisa izinguquko ezikhethiwe. Kufanele kukhunjulwe ukuthi izinto ezilandelana ngayo ngenhla yezenzo kuzovula yaya emathekwini aseMpumalanga firewall ikhompyutha siqu kuphela, kodwa akahlotshaniswa nganoma iyiphi indlela nge izimvume othile-ISP inthanethi.

Ukuze kuxazululwe lezi zinkinga, kumele lokukhalaza ngqo kummeleli inethiwekhi wakho wesevisi. Nakuba exhunywe kwi-Inthanethi, uhlelo inike izinhlelo zokusebenza ngenethiwekhi, amatheku okuyothi ukwamukela ukuthumela idatha. Izimbobo Kungavulwa hhayi kuphela, kodwa futhi ivaliwe.