Indlela yokwenza trellis for ukhukhamba ngezandla zakhe

Njalo wensimu uyazi ukuthi ukufeza isivuno eliphezulu yamakhukhamba akulula kanjalo, ikakhulukazi endle. Isitha esemqoka yalolu yemifino esihlwabusayo futhi unempilo iyisifo ngokuthi downy isikhutha. amakhemikhali Modern abakwazi ukuvikela ngokuphelele ukhukhamba kusukela kule ukutheleleka nolaka indlela evamile ezikhulayo nabo ibanga enomthelela ekuthuthukiseni lesi sifo kuphela. Isixazululo kuphela kulesi simo kungaba abe trellis for ukhukhamba. Izinzuzo lokhu isixazululo abaningi babo namuhla futhi sizobe ukukhuluma.

Kunganjani ibanga?

abatshali abanokuhlangenwe nakho bayazi ukuthi ukwethulwa ezinhlamvu mobile ezithathelwanayo kwenzeka ngokusebenzisa stomata ongasohlangothini emuva amahlamvu - izingxabano ngenkuthalo ukuhambisa ngo imikhemezelo (amazolo, Splashes izulu elikhulu kwathi amanzi) elikhona eshidini. ezinhlamvu ezinobungozi overwinter phezu phansi lapho isifutho amanzi bese phansi amaqabunga ikhukhamba.

Ngenxa yalokho, ngokushesha nje lapho izitshalo ikhukhamba sokuthola amahlamvu kuqala abasha futhi baqala ukuba ahambe emhlabathini, ngokushesha ukuhlasela ukutheleleka, futhi kukuhle uma izitshalo babe amandla ukuletha okungenani abampofu sokuvuna zelentsov. Konke lokhu kwenzeka ngoba balimi eziningi musa unamathisele ukubaluleka ngenxa yesimo zalesi sihlahla, futhi empeleni ungumvini herbaceous ukuthi ine emilibeni ezihambayo stem anolaka, ngosizo ezingasetshenziswa abambelele yikuphi ukwesekwa mpo.

Trellis for ukhukhamba: izinzuzo

Growing ukhukhamba phezu trellis kakhulu ikhiqize kuka buqamama. Okokuqala, lesi sitshalo uyakwazi ukuhambisa kude "ichibi" ngonyaka odlule yokutheleleka emhlabathini. Uma ngisho ingxenye ingxabano engena umoya, ingxenye engezansi kwamahlamvu azotholakala ukuze sishaye isixazululo zokuzivikela. Ngakho-ke, inkinga yokulwa powdery isikhutha cishe ixazululwe.

Okwesibili, izitshalo kakhulu ngokuphumelela kakhudlwana kushaywa umoya bese ehlanganiswa, umswakama kuyingozi kangaka ngokushesha iyasha. Okwesithathu, kwehlisa isibalo eliphansi (zikhubazekile, namabala nokunye. Ukuphazamiseka kwekhono) izithelo, njengoba kungekho nabo emhlabathini. Ngaphezu kwalokho, isivuno Imininingwane ikhule kakhulu ngenxa isikhathi eside izitshalo fruiting. Okwesine, ngcono kakhulu nezimo zokukhiqiza zinakekelwe nokuvuna izithelo lula.

indawo ukulungiselela

Endaweni ukutshala ukhukhamba on izigxobo ukunakekelwa kufanele zithathwe kusengaphambili. Kuyinto qiniseka avundisa umhlabathi nge manyolo organic. Imigqa trellises kangcono kahle ukusuka enyakatho kuya eningizimu - ngeke ugcine lesi sihlahla ezinzima emini elangeni. Umugqa Isikhala ziyahlukahluka kusuka mayelana 1.5 kuya ku-2.5 amamitha - lokhu ibanga inikeza sokuvuna lula hhayi kuphela ngesandla kodwa futhi esebenzisa imishini wosayizi omncane. On endaweni encane ingadi, lokhu ibanga zingancishiswa 0.8 m.

Trellis for ukhukhamba ngezandla zakhe

Njengoba isekela esetshenziswa trellis izingongolo ukuthi zingenziwa izinto ezehlukene ezifana zikaphayini round izinkuni, metal noma amakholomu ukhonkolo nokunye. The last trellis amakholomu kumelwe abe namandla kunomFilisti Lesisemkhatsini, kusukela bayothwala umthwalo walababantu bonke uchungechunge. Ngokwesibonelo, lapho ukuphakama trellis ka 2.8 m ububanzi ukuphela isekela akufanele kube ngaphansi kuka-50 mm kanti Lesisemkhatsini - 35 mm. NabasePoland ngaphansi trellis for ukhukhamba wangcwatshwa aze aphakame cishe 60 cm ukujula. Unqenqema, ezisekelweni ihange kumele imiswe engela cishe 70º kwamanzi, zaglubit zabo 75-80 cm. I enalokho kuthambekela ukwesekwa kumele usufikile esebenzisa guy izintambo ukuze amakhona metal, bayichezukisa Kufakwe ephoketheni enhlabathini aze aphakame cishe 90 cm ukujula.

Ibanga esiphezulu phakathi amakholomu asekelayo kumugqa kumele singeqi 6 m, kodwa uma uvumela izinto, kungcono ukubeka izisekelo mkhulu. Ngaphambi kokwenza trellis for ukhukhamba, kubalulekile ukucacisa impahla. Lokhu kungaba plastic anezikhala okhethekile welulela izintambo phakathi kwalezi zinto zombili - phezulu kanye phansi.

Kungaba ekhiqizwa nje futhi trellis wire kabani ukujiya kumele okungenani ibe 2.0 mm. Kulokhu, eluheleni wire tensioned phakathi izisekelo ezingeni ukuphakama 15-20 cm, olandelayo - emva 70 cm, njll Ukuze irowu engenhla kufanele usebenzise ngocingo mkhulu (3.5 mm) njengoba lowo uthela babekezelela. Ngemva ukutshala izithombo izitshalo ikhukhamba eduze ngamunye irowu ephansi kuya elingenhla wire tensioned indophi lapho umgibeli izoya phezulu. Trellis for ukhukhamba kule abamba ukushisa zenziwa kwi isimiso esifanayo.

ngenkasa

In parallel ukwakhiwa trellis for ukhukhamba kudingeka zixazululwe futhi impikiswano ezizayo zezitshalo wokunisela. Uma unesithakazelo isivuno esihle, ukuthambisa imvula yemvelo akufanele silindele lukhulu. Kukhona ngenkasa umkhuba furrow, kodwa le ndlela akuyona iyasiza kuthabathela ecaleni esisebenzayo, ngoba kheleza inhlabathi kuzovikela ukunakekelwa zezitshalo ukuqoqa izithelo.

I okunengqondo kakhulu lena drip irrigation eyenzeka. Ngisho ezindaweni nge kushisa eyanele yokwakha drip irrigation eyenzeka itheyiphu oyedwa irowu yamakhukhamba. Futhi uma, njengoba beye lawela izithombo eduze trellis for ukhukhamba ezivela nhlangothi zombili ukuba abeke imidweshu amnyama semboza ngabo izithombo zezihlahla ifilimu, kuyokusiza ukuba ugcine amanzi ngenkasa kanye ukuvimbela ukukhula kokhula.

zokutshala ukhukhamba

Cishe ngemva kwenyanga ngaphambi kokutshala ukhukhamba phezu trellis, imbewu ezihlwanyelwe ekhabetheni bese ulinda ukuvela amahlamvu 2-3 lakhiwa. Izithombo watshala ngokuya ikhalenda, lapho amathuba frost ayisekho abakhona. izitshalo Young ahlelwe ilandelana at ibanga 15-20 cm kusuka komunye nomunye. Ngo inqubo yokukhula okufanele akha udonga okuqinile bamahlamvu, kodwa amaqabunga akufanele egqinsiwe omunye anyathele omunye.

Bezrassadnoj wayekwenza indlela yamakhukhamba ezikhulayo, kodwa imbewu kufanele uzilungiselele ngaphambi kokutshala. Isetshenziselwa kokuhlwanyela imbewu egcwele olusebenza engu-2-3 ubudala, ngoba Basuke zihlukaniswa ukuhluma esihle, badale ukuthula kumiswa inombolo enkulu izimbali zesifazane, kanye akhuphula fruiting. Uma usebenzisa imbewu sokuvuna ngonyaka odlule, i-4-5 amahora zangaphambi eliwu +56 ... kuka + 60 ° C no-igcinwe ezingeni lokushisa +36 ... + 38 ° C izinyanga 2. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ngaphambi kokuhlwanyela imbewu kufanele ulinganiswe cishe imizuzu engu-10 amaphesenti 3 isixazululo sodium chloride. Ngo inqubo Samandla imbewu izinga ziyohlala kuze kufike phansi futhi singenalutho ongakasetshenzwa ziyaphuma. imbewu ekhethiwe kufanele siyakazwe ngamanzi ahlanzekile ukugijima bese baphathwe isixazululo sulfate manganese (0.5 g na1,0 amalitha amanzi), boric acid (0.1 g ngalinye 0.3 amalitha amanzi), kanye nabanye. Imbewu ofakwe usuku, bese omisiwe. Landzelela izakhi kuvusa umsebenzi obalulekile wokuhlaziya izitshalo abasha ukwandisa ukumelana kwabo ezifweni.

Regulations ukunakekelwa

Ngakho, ukutshala ukhukhamba phezu trellis, siyazwisisa. Manje asikhulume ngokunakekela Shpalernaya izitshalo. Le nqubo ulula. Ngemva kokutshala uthayi ikhukhamba stem a trellis, bese ikhula zinyakaze yayo phezulu njalo ngesikhathi igridi iseli noma Twine. Kukhona futhi kufanele iqondiswe, futhi ohlangothini Kuphendula. Ncinza eziqongweni akufanele kube - uma ukufinyelela phezulu trellis, badinga kancane kancane goba bese uqale futhi esikhathini ikhukhamba igridi amaseli, ngakho kungukuthi ensimbi alenga kulowo moya.

ukuvuna

Ukuqoqa Zelentsy engcono ekuseni, ngaphambi ukushisa ke isithelo izohlala Friend, amahle zingagcinwa isikhathi eside. Ukulondolozwa ukhukhamba endaweni epholile nge umswakama high, isibonelo emiphongolweni noma imbala.