Inethiwekhi ikhompyutha Global

Ikhompyutha inethiwekhi - lutho kodwa union lwamakhompyutha eziningana ndawonye, siyivumele ukuba bashintshisane idatha. inethiwekhi Global ucingo lapho ukumboza abasebenzisi ezivela emhlabeni wonke. Qaphela ukuthi i-computer amanethiwekhi yokuqala ezisetshenziswa umphakathi uvele e-United States. Kodwa bambalwa abantu bazi ukuthi kakhulu isimiso lobu buchwepheshe yaqale esetshenziswa e-USSR, futhi ngenxa yalokhu kudala yesimiso sokuzivikela missile lokuqala yadalwa.

Namuhla, kukhona kahle ububanzi inethiwekhi ngezigaba. Ngokusho kokwabiwa ovelele emhlabeni wonke, zezifunda kanye lendawo amanethiwekhi computer. inethiwekhi ikhompyutha Global amanethiwekhi zitholakala endaweni isimo noma eziningana uthi, ngokwesibonelo, global Inthanethi. LANs ukumboza indawo kuze kube amashumi amaningana square metres, futhi zesifunda - inethiwekhi, okuyinto zitholakala kule ndawo noma idolobha.

Nokho, elithi emibili ebalulekile e Ukwahlukaniswa amanethiwekhi - kuyinto: WAN futhi LAN.

WideAreaNetwork (WAN) - global computer amanethiwekhi, esehlanganise izindawo ezinkulu, okuhlanganisa amanethiwekhi endaweni namanye amadivayisi ezokuxhumana namanethiwekhi.

LocalAreaNetwork (LAN) - i-Ethernet, ezithinta ingqalasizinda ahlukene ngaphambi kokukhululwa yayo phezu abanikezeli besevisi. Zona efanayo elithi «LAN» bakwazi ukuchaza nakunethiwekhi encane ehhovisi, futhi inethiwekhi enkulu isitshalo ukuthi ihlanganisa indawo kwamahektare angamakhulu amaningana.

Imibhalo emidala kunayo yonke Inethiwekhi yomhlabajikelele kuyinto Inthanethi. Linikeza ngezindlela ezahlukene zokuxhuma computer eqhelile, kanye nokusetshenziswa jikelele kolwazi imithombo kanye namasevisi anikezelwa.

Ekuqaleni, jikelele ikhompyutha amanethiwekhi benza ekuxazululeni inkinga ukufinyelela amaningi ezikhumulweni akude namakhompyutha computer anamandla, okuthiwa aphethe-s. Lezi ukuxhumana zenziwa nge unswitched noma iziteshi esitshalweni sezingcingo noma nge abazinikezele satellite amanethiwekhi idatha, isibonelo, abasebenza X.25 olandelwayo.

Ukuze uxhume kumanethiwekhi ezifana sebenzisa imodemu ukuthi isebenzisa izinhlelo ezokuxhumana ezikhethekile, COMIT uhlobo, PROCOM, BITCOM, MITEZ nabanye. Kuphethwe OS MS-DOS, bayakugeza abelane ngolwazi nge-computer lapho kwakuhlangene.

Zona esifanayo ukwakha inethiwekhi global ukuchaza akunzima ngempela. Inethiwekhi global siqukethe amaseli kukhona amanethiwekhi wendawo. Esikhathini ijika LANs aqukethe amanethiwekhi ezincane namakhompyutha ngabanye. Nansi yokwehlayo multi-level futhi zivumele ukwakhiwa kwe-network. Ngaphezu kwalokho, idivayisi ngayinye kunethiwekhi kumele babe siqu le-IP-ikheli layo, noma esehlukile.

Namuhla, sazikhohlwa lalisebenzisa ama-computer eyodwa inethiwekhi yekhompyutha global. Empeleni, kuba - ikhaya PC. Ngokwengxenye enkulu, yilezo ababhalisile amakhompyutha inethiwekhi, okuhlanganiswayo wendawo amanethiwekhi ndawo, ngakho-ke, ochwepheshe abaningi ecabangela izindlela njengoba ukunikeza nokuxhumana kangcono amanethiwekhi endaweni ezimbalwa zendawo. Kuyadingeka kulokhu ukuhlinzekela ikhompuyutha uxhumano iyiphi ikhompyutha ngaphakathi kwenethiwekhi yasendaweni ukude, noma okuphambene nalokho. Okuwukuphela kwento ingenqophileko njengoba inani lezifundo kanye computer.

Manje sebenzisa izikhungo usuke zingezokunikeza X.25 amanethiwekhi amadivayisi ezikhethekile izinkampani Telenet-yokukhiqiza, Ericsson, Sony Ericsson njengoba imishini inethiwekhi, Alcatel futhi ngakho, kahle, ngoba TCP / amanethiwekhi IP zisebenzisa imizila ne-Cisco Decnis amafemu. Nokho, ubuchwepheshe hhayi emi namanje, futhi kungenzeka ukuthi esikhathini esizayo siyobona ephumelelayo nakakhulu inhlangano inethiwekhi global, okuyinto manje kunomthelela omkhulu ezimpilweni cishe wonke umuntu.