Isikhumulo sezindiza "nelezinkunzi" maduze futhi abe phakathi kwababusi!

Lapho ngo-1936 ngesikhathi Central Airport Frunze waqala kabusha, wavalwa okwesikhashana. Futhi izindiza njalo (ngokwesimiso sansuku central) kwaqala ngo esifundeni inhlokodolobha imisebenzi sezindiza bathunyelwa e Bykovo, kusukela nantathu Septhemba 1936.

"Bykovo" sezindiza. Map. Kanjani ukuze baye khona?

Iphathelene inhloko-dolobha Ryazan onguthelawayeka kanye wesitimela sezindiza eMoscow "Bykovo" kuhlalwe yizimpahla traffic. Ungakwazi ukufinyelela ngezindlela eziningana:

• ngesitimela kusukela Kazan Station;
• Ngu ibhasi: kusukela esiteshini komhlaba "Vykhino" Ply express;
• ngemoto - imizuzu cishe abangamashumi amabili abavela eMoscow.

indaba

Kutholwe amakhilomitha amathathu nanhlanu kusukela enkabeni yedolobha, esikhumulweni sezindiza "nelezinkunzi" namuhla omdala eRussia. Phakathi ngokuthi yiMpi Enkulu Yobuzwe, ngenkuthalo isebenze ngoba ingaphambili. Kusukela ngo-1948, e-"nelezinkunzi" ziye zasizakala Russian kuphela ezindizeni ezithwala Li-2, kanye izindiza kamuva IL-12 futhi IL-14. Ngo sixties isitini evulekile sabekwa phezu kwawo. Ubude bayo ikhilomitha elilodwa, ububanzi - amamitha ayisishiyagalombili. Lokhu kwenza ukuba hhayi kuphela ukusizakala IL, kodwa futhi wathathelwa indawo yi-turbo ukuphasa An-24 izindiza.

Maphakathi nawo-kwamashumi amahlanu, lakhiwa khona umyalo owodwa nokulawula isikhungo, ezibekela radar ukubhekwa. Ngo sixties ngasekupheleni nge kumhlobo Bykovskiy isigaba ukuhlola kuqala umgibeli jet airliner emhlabeni Yak-40 wethulwa, okwakwenza indiza yayo yokuqala emzileni "Kostroma izinkunzi nangezinkunzi eGiligali."

Ngezinye efanayo kabusha ezinkulu lenziwe phakathi endaweni yakhe, kuhlanganise evulekile. Ngo-1975 sakha isakhiwo esisha, anoma yiziphi - Abagibeli abane ngehora. Ngo nineties, ngemva kokulungiswa, esikhumulweni sezindiza "nelezinkunzi" amaphesenti angu-49 Sekudlule ku ubunikazi "ngamaduna-Air", kanti bonke abanye baya isimo.

isimo yamanje

Okwamanje, "nelezinkunzi" imisebenzi sezindiza, ukukhonza izindiza bendawo kuphela futhi inombolo encane imizila aphakathi-hola. Nge izindiza njalo umsebenzi akwenziwa. Nokho, nakhu kokufika eziphuthumayo Izimo Izikhungo, kanye ezindizeni ezithwala futhi maphepha.

Namuhla sezindiza "nelezinkunzi" (eMoscow elise amakhilomitha amane) kubhekene kabusha. Ngokuqinisekile amacebo neziphathimandla zendawo kanye nokuphathwa lesifunda kuhlelwe ukudala on ngesisekelo yayo sezindiza yesimanje ngamazwe. Isikhumulo sezindiza uzobe kwakhiwa ohambisana othelawayeka ingqalasizinda nojantshi.

Lesi sakhiwo esibulalayo ngendlu yabagibeli nehhovisi yokubhuka, kanye namahholo ezintathu Business Aviation Center spetskontrolnym iphuzu kanye nokufinyelela kwangasese yesikhulumi. Lapha esebenzisa inqubomgomo zamanani nezimo ihlelelwe ukuba batibandzakanye amakhasimende. Amasevisi we endala sezindiza Russian ziyozuza izikhulu zikahulumeni, futhi abameleli services akhethekile enforcers umthetho. Baningi abagibeli kulindeleke phakathi osomabhizinisi - labo abadinga ngokushesha futhi ngokuphepha ukuwela amabanga amade. Ngokushesha sezindiza "nelezinkunzi", isithombe okuyinto okusesihlokweni esithi, kuyoba ngelinye lamadolobha esimanjemanje kakhulu esifundeni.

izigameko

evulekile iDemo wabangela ukuphahlazeka, owenzeka ngo-July 1971, ne amamaki izindiza we Yak-40 ngenombolo umsila 87719-USSR. Ngezinye run olwenziwa emva kokutshala, umdweshu liner ikhishwa, sawela washayisa emgwaqweni omkhulu wamyisa izakhiwo eziseduze. Ngemva kwalokho, wokheleka ngomlilo. Futhi kwakungeyona kuphela isigameko esifanayo. Izinkinga ezinjena e ngeminyaka yoma yaphindwa izikhathi eziningana. Ngemva kwalokho, evulekile waba kabusha, eyilethe kuze ubude 2200 metres, futhi ngesikhathi esifanayo okwandisa amandla. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ukukhanya-isignali, imishini uxhumekile futhi umsakazo navigation salandelwa ngesikhathi airfield.

Ngo-1980, le nkampani kwaba Bykovskiy kwesizukulwane sesithathu yingcweti stodvadtsatimestny indiza Yak-42, okuyinto ngo-December ngomnyaka ofanayo wenza indiza yayo yokuqala okuhleliwe ukuze Krasnodar. Ukundiza zokugcina ezisuka kulesi sikhumulo emzileni "Moscow-Nizhny Novgorod" kulomkhumbi sasinikwa yendiza "Isikhungo-Avia" ngo-2009. Kusukela ngaleso sikhathi, esikhumulweni sezindiza "nelezinkunzi" behlala ndawonye bengashadile akusashiwo akhonzwa izindiza njalo. Lapha fly kuphela enophephela emhlane, kanti izindiza GU "IAC" noma Wezangaphakathi, kanye charter izindiza kuyenziwa.

amaqiniso ezithakazelisayo

Isebangeni ngasesikhumulweni sezindiza sezulu esiteshini platform akazange nezidingo kwezinkambiso ekhona, owawuthi kufanele yakhiwe kayishumi kude izakhiwo kanye nezihlahla. Eqinisweni, AMSC kukhona khona lendawo amamitha ambalwa ukusuka isakhiwo esigungwini. Lokhu kwakusho ukuthi esiteshini Meteorological kakhulu - by degrees elilodwa noma amabili - overstated lokushisa air indurated. Ngenxa yalesi sizathu, nokwenza kwayo ku "nelezinkunzi" kukhona aphakeme phakathi nokunye komthombo efanayo esifundeni Moscow. Yingakho ngo-August ka-2011, isiteshi Meteorological yavalwa.