Isimo semisindo yokukhuluma izingane zasenkulisa

Inkulumo iyimpumelelo ebaluleke kakhulu yomuntu. Ngosizo lwemisindo, amagama, izinkulumo, ukuzithokozisa okungeziwe kanye nokukhuluma, ungaxhumana nabanye abantu. Ukukhulumisana okulungile kubizwa ngokuthi isiko lokukhuluma. Ikhono lokuveza kahle, ukucabangela izimo ezithile, inhloso yengxoxo, kanye nokusetshenziswa kwazo zonke izincazelo zelulwimi (amagama, isilulumagama, uhlelo lolimi). Isiko lokukhuluma senkulumo yikhono elivamile lokuxhumana nomunye.

Iyini isiko lokukhuluma somsindo?

Kuyingxenye yokukhulumisana kwabantu. Umkhuba wokukhuluma ozwakalayo uhlanganisa umklamo womlomo womlomo. Lolu hlu lunezinhloso zokubiza ngokufanele imisindo, izinkulumo, isivinini kanye nezindlebe zokukhuluma, umsindo wesigqi, isigqi, ukuyeka, ukucindezeleka okunengqondo, ukusebenza kahle kwenkulumo nezindlebe zokuzwa, nokutholakala kwemvelo enhle yokukhuluma.

Imfundo yomsindo ozwakalayo wokukhuluma inomthelela ekuthuthukiseni okusheshayo nokushesha kwamakhono okukhuluma ezinganeni zasenkulisa. Ngesikhathi sokuthuthukiswa kwenkulumo, abahlinzeki bezinkulumo ngesikhathi esisodwa bahlakulele isilulumagama, inkulumo exhunywe ngegrama. Amakilasi asiza izingane ukuba ziqaphe ukuphefumula ngesikhathi sokubiza amagama, zilungise ukucaca kwayo, ithuthukise amakhono okulawula izwi ngokuzenzekelayo nangokweqiniso.

Indlela yokukhulisa isiko lokukhuluma somsindo?

Ukwakhiwa kwenkulumo efanele kwengane kuncishisiwe hhayi kuphela ekuthuthukiseni kwamakhono okubiza amagama ngendlela efanele okukhulunywa ngayo ngabahlengikazi bezinkulumo, kodwa futhi nesisombululo semisebenzi eminingi ebalulekile. Othisha abanolwazi basebenza enkulisa nezingane. Njengomthetho, bahlakulela isiko elizwakalayo senkulumo yengane kulezi zikhombisi-ndlela ezilandelayo:

• Bakhuphula ukukhiqizwa kwemisindo efanele.
• Yakha ukucaca nokucaca kokubiza amagama okuhambisana nezilimi zolimi lwesiRashiya.
• Thuthukisa inqubo yokutadisha ijubane lokukhuluma kanye nokuphefumula okufanele ekukhuliseni.
• Fundisa ukubiza ngendlela efanele ngokuzwakalayo kwemisindo namagama.
• Thuthukisa ukunakekelwa kokubheka izingane.

Umkhuba wokukhuluma ozwakalayo nokuqonda kwawo wenziwa ngezindlela ezimbili: kusukela ekuthuthukiseni imibono ehlukahlukene (isigqi, tempo, intonation, amandla, isivinini) nenjini yokukhuluma. Ukuze akhulise isiko lokukhuluma enganeni, othisha bakhetha izinhlobo ezilandelayo zomsebenzi:

• Ukuzihlola, lapho izingane zixhumana khona.
• Amakilasi ongoti bezikole zasenkulisa.
• Sebenzisa ngendlela yemidlalo, umzimba.
• Izifundo zomculo.

Ukuthuthukiswa kwesiko lokukhuluma esikoleni ezikoleni zasenkulisa akuqhubi nje kuphela emisebenzini ekhethekile, kodwa futhi ekuhambeni, ekukhulumeni kwezokukhuluma nge-morning. Othisha basebenzisa amagama e-onomatopoeic, izinkondlo, ulimi oluthile, izinto ezibukwayo, amatoli, izethulo nokunye okuningi.

Iminyaka yokwakheka kwengxoxo enhle enganeni

Kungcono ukuqala ukutadisha nengane lapho eqala ukukhuluma ngenkuthalo nokuphinda amagama. Ukwakheka komkhuba wokukhuluma ozwakalayo kuyisinyathelo esibalulekile ekulungiseleleni izingane esikoleni. Kubalulekile ukungaphuthelwa kulo mzuzu futhi usize ingane, kanye nabothisha bekhonsathi, ukuqonda isayensi yokukhiqiza umsindo ozwakalayo.

Ukuzwa kwezinto eziphilayo

Kusukela ekuzalweni, umuntu unekhono lokuhlukanisa phakathi kokushaywa kwemisindo - lokhu kuthiwa ukuzwa okuphilayo noma umbono. Kubantu, imisindo iyabonakala ngosizo lwendlebe yangaphandle, isibhande se-tympanic, i-ossicles yokuhlola kanye nendlebe yangaphakathi. Ukuvezwa kwemisindo kwakha ukuzwakalisa kokuphela kwezinzwa nokudlulisela ulwazi ebuchosheni. Ukucwaningwa kwamabhuku kuyisici esikhethekile semisebenzi yokubona komuntu, okusiza ukugxila kumisindo, umsebenzi noma into. Isibonelo, lapho ingane ingakunaki, uyothola ukucaca kokuzwa komsindo. Uma umbono wokubheka izingane kuphazamiseka, lokhu kuholela ekunciphiseni ukunakwa, ilukuluku. Ingane ivame ukumemeza, isuka emisindweni kanye nemisindo engaphandle.

Ungakhetha kanjani ochwepheshe wezinkulumo ezifanele?

Thola isazi esihle akuyona umsebenzi olula. Ikakhulukazi uma ingane inezinkinga ezinkulu ngenkulumo. Lapho ukhetha uchwepheshe wezinkulumo, cabangela amaphuzu alandelayo:

• Cela ochwepheshe wezinkulumo ngeziqu kanye nolwazi lomsebenzi. Funda iphothifoliyo.
• Buza umuthi wezinkulumo uma exazulule inkinga ethile.
• Thola inombolo kanye nezindleko zezifundo.
• Zama ukuqonda ukuthi ngabe umuntu ukhululekile yini, kungakhathaliseki ukuthi ingane ikhululekile nomuthi wezinkulumo.
• Yeka ukuthi iziqinisekiso zomphumela omuhle ziphakeme kangakanani.

Khumbula ukuthi intengo ephakeme yamakilasi nomuthi wezinkulumo akuqinisekisi ukuthi umsebenzi wekhwalithi uyenziwe.

Umsindo

Isifundo ngomkhuba wokukhuluma ozwakalayo uhlose ukufundisa izingane zasenkulisa ukuba zichaze ngokucacile nangendlela efanele. Umsindo we "y" ufundiswa ukubiza kahle futhi isikhathi eside ekuphumuleni. Othisha baqinisekisa ukuthi izingane ziyakusho ngezwi elihlukahlukene kanye nokukhuluma. Amakilasi wokuqeqeshwa okuzwakalayo afana namageyimu nokuzivocavoca okukhethekile okusiza ukufunda ukubiza umsindo "y" ngendlela efanele. Ukuzivocavoca - ukugoqa izindebe zakho ngebheyili bese uzidonsa phambili ulungiselela ukukhuluma ngokubiza. Ngaphezu kwalokho, othisha bahlabelela izingoma nezingane, benza ukuphindaphinda kwemisindo yemisindo nokunye okuningi.

Umsindo yi "z". Ukuqaphela kwakhe kubuye kube uhlobo lwemidlalo nezingoma. Ifundiswa ngemuva kwezinsana zakuqala ukufunda ukubhekana nomsindo we "c". Ukuziqhenya kwesifundo sakhe ukuthi ngaphezu kokukhuluma, izintambo zomculo zifakiwe emsebenzini. Ngokuvamile, umsindo "h" udinga ukuqeqeshwa phambi kwesibuko. Ngesikhathi umsebenzi uthisha ekhuluma nezingane ulimi lwe-twisters, wenza izinhlinzeko. Ukuthuthukiswa kwesiko somsindo kuhlobene kakhulu nokuzwa kwefoni.

Imfundo yenkulumo enhle ezinganeni zasenkulisa

Umkhuba wokukhuluma ozwakalayo uhlanganisa isichazamazwi esifanele, ukukhiqizwa okuzwakalayo, intonation, tempo, ukuthinta, ukubonakala komzimba, ukukhuluma ngendlela, ukuhleleka, amakhono emoto ngenkathi ingxoxo yengane. Uma uhlela ngokuhlelekile imfundo yokubiza imisindo, izingane zasenkulisa ziyokuthola kulula ukufunda esikhathini esizayo. Yingakho indlela yemfundo isinqumo sothisha imisebenzi elandelayo:

• Ukuthuthukiswa kokuhamba kolwimi nezindebe ngesikhathi sokukhiqiza umsindo.
• Ukwakhiwa kwekhono lokugcina umhlathi ophansi endaweni efanele.
• Ukunakekelwa ekuphefumuleni ngesikhathi sokukhuluma.

Njengomthetho, izingane zasenkulisa zifunda umsindo ngaphandle kwemizamo, uma zikhuliswe ngesikhathi. Phakathi nalesi sikhathi, izingane ziboleka amagama nemisindo ngendlela elandelanayo. Ngemuva kwalokho, ukuzwa kwe-phonetic kufakwe esencane. Kubalulekile ukuthi ungaphuthelwa umzuzu futhi uqondise ukuthuthukiswa kwengane ngendlela efanele.

Ukuqeqeshwa eqenjini eliphakathi

Isiko sokukhuluma esikoleni esiphakathi kwezingane zasenkulisa (iminyaka engama-4 kuya kwengu-5) siqukethe ukuzwa kwenkulumo nokuphefumula, okuyisiqalo semvelaphi yenkulumo. Imfundo kuleli qembu iqala ngolwazi olutholakala ngaphambili. Umsebenzi omkhulu wothisha ukufundisa izingane ngokucacile nangokufanelekile ukubiza imisindo yesiRashiya. Uchwepheshe ukhathalela ngokukhethekile imisindo yokumemeza nokushaya imisindo, ufundisa ngokufanele ukubiza amagama kanye namazwi adidayo, ahlakulele ikhono lokuveza ngokuzwakalayo. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ochwepheshe bezinkulumo uletha izinga eliphakeme lokuthuthukiswa kokuzwa kwenkulumo ezinganeni, okuzozisiza ukuba ziguqule ngokuzenzekelayo ithoni lamagama abo, ukugqamisa amagama angamazwi emisho. Isiko sokukhuluma esizwakalayo eqenjini eliphakathi liqondiswe ekuthuthukiseni ukuphefumula kwenkulumo, ukuqonda kwezwi, ukukhuluma ngezwi nokukhuluma.

Ukuqeqeshwa eqenjini eliphakeme

Isiko lokukhuluma esikoleni esidala (iminyaka engu-6-7) siyaqhubeka nokwakha amakhono atholakale ngaphambilini. Othisha bazama ukuthuthukisa ukuthuthukiswa kwezinsiza zokufakelwa kwengane, balandele ukubiza imisindo ngosizo lwezivivinyo ezahlukene, ukuthuthukisa ukuzwa kwekhono, ukufunda ukukhomba izindawo ezizwakalayo ngegama, nokusebenzisa ngokuhlakanipha ukukhuluma nokuhamba kwenkulumo. Abahlinzeki bezinkulumo nabo bayakuqeda ukukhubazeka kwenkulumo noma ukungabi namagama okukhulumisana, ukuthuthukisa amakhono abo, ukufunda amaphethini wokuhumusha okusemthethweni kwamagama olimi lwabo lwendabuko. Umkhuba ozwakalayo wokukhulumisana eqenjini eliphakeme kufanele uthuthukise ezinganeni ukuzwa kahle ngekhono, ukufundisa ukufunda amagama, imisho kanye nemibhalo emincane, ukuqonda umehluko phakathi kwemigomo, ukwenza imisho ngokuzimela nokuqhuba ukuhlaziywa okuzwakalayo. Ukuqedela ukuqeqeshwa eqenjini eliphakeme, izingane zikwazi ukuhlukanisa phakathi kwamakholomu nezinhlamvu eziqhamukayo, imisindo, kanye nezinkomba zabo. Njengomthetho, othisha balungiselela izingane zasenkulisa esiteji sokulungiselela, okuqala ngaphambi kokuya esikoleni.

Iyini umdlalo wama-didactic?

Imidlalo yama-classic enkulisa yilabo abaqeqeshwayo okusiza izingane zasenkulisa ukuba zithole ulwazi olusha phakathi nemidlalo ejabulisayo. Zihlukaniswa nokukhona kwemithetho, isakhiwo esicacile kanye nesistimu yokuhlola. Imidlalo yama-Didactic ixazulula imisebenzi eminingi ebekwe uthisha. Kukhona inqubo yonke evumela kule fomu ukuthuthukisa ukuzwa kwe-phonetic kwengane. Indlela ye-practicac ifundisa kancane kancane ukubiza ngendlela efanele imisindo yolimi lwesiRashiya kanye nekhono lokulalela. Yonke imidlalo inemisebenzi ethile, eyancipha ukuba ihlukanise imisindo ekuqaleni, emaphakathi nokuphela kwegama elidingekayo. Isibonelo, umdlalo "Ukufihla Nokufuna Umsindo" kuhloswe kubantwana abangaphansi kweminyaka eyisithupha. Lona umdlalo ozimele weqembu, elilawulwa uthisha. Umgomo womdlalo ukuthuthukisa ukunakwa nokuzwa kwefoni. Ibhola lisetshenziselwa izinto ezisizayo. Umethuli udinga ukuqagela igama elikhona umsindo othile, isibonelo "z". Khona-ke uphonsa ibhola kubafana, ekhuluma amagama ahlukene lapho umsindo okhona khona. Umsebenzi wezingane ukubamba ibhola ngamazwi womsindo oyifunayo, nawo wonke amagama "okushaywa.

Ziyini izinkinga zokuthuthukiswa kwenkulumo ezwakalayo?

Izingane zanamuhla zivame kakhulu ukubhekana nezinkinga ekwakheni umsindo nokukhuluma. Isizathu salokhu - ikhompyutha, ukungabi nokuxhumana noontanga nabazali. Ngokuvamile abazali banikela ingane ngokwabo, kanye namathoyizi, i-TV, amagajethi. Ochwepheshe bayeluleka ukufunda izincwadi nezingane, imilolotelo yokufunda, izibalo, ulimi oluthile. Ukwakhiwa kwesiko lokukhuluma okuzwakalayo kuhlotshaniswa nokuthuthukiswa kwamakhono amahle amakhono eminwe. Ukuze ukhanse futhi unamathele ingane ekufundeni, kubalulekile ukunikeza kaningi ngangokunokwenzeka emisebenzini yengane yokwakha indlu yamakhamera, ukuhlangana nomsakazo kanye nephiramidi enemibala. Ukuphakamisa umsindo wengane kudinga ukuhlala njalo. Enkulisa, phakathi nemidlalo, uhamba epaki. Khuluma nomntwana, unake imininingwane ethakazelisayo, isibonelo, umbala wamaqabunga nezitshalo, ubale izinyoni, cabangela izimbali. Ngaphandle kwendlela ehlangene, ukwakheka kwenkulumo okukhulunywe kahle akunakwenzeka. Bobabili abazali nabafundisi bezikhungo zangaphambi kwesikole kufanele bahlanganyele kulokhu.