Isiqu Brachiocephalic: umqondo and definition

welithi "brachiocephalic isiqu" Kukhululwa anatomy kokubili kubantu nasezilwaneni. Namuhla ake sixoxe ngokuningiliziwe ngalokhu.

umqondo jikelele

Igama lalesi umzimba liyazikhulumela. isiqu Brachiocephalic ihamba kusukela aorta emgqeni phakathi sternum. Wabe likhwela obliquely, bese isipele, futhi ezingeni acromioclavicular ngokuhlanganyela sehlukaniswe imithambo emibili. Kutholwe phambi uqhoqhoqho okuyinto ezinganeni imbozwe indlala thymus, futhi ubude elincane emithathu kuya kwemine ngamasentimitha.

Izinsana ngokuvamile abelana tsefaladu ku sternoklavikulyarnuyu ukuhambisana unxantathu kwegilo ngaphambili entanyeni.

Isiqu sawo lomuntu

Kubantu, lokhu umzimba ngokohlaka kuchaziwe ngenhla. Kuvamise isitsha esifushane futhi obukhulu, okuyinto amagatsha ku Umthambo ezimbili kwesokudla ukuthi nhlangothi zombili - kwesokudla futhi phambi - ehlanganiswa pleura. Ngo kwesokunxele ingxenye yomzimba womuntu we Umthambo khona. Kungenjalo, umkhumbi okuthiwa isiqu brachycephalic (kusukela Igama Lesi'Latin) noma Umthambo innominate.

Le ndoda nge emgqonyeni brachiocephalic kuncike izifo ezithize. Phakathi kwabo kukhona lokhu okulandelayo:

• Isifo sokuqina kwemithambo yegazi (ekuqongeleleni cholesterol namafutha phezu kwezindonga engaphakathi imithambo);
• kwasekuzalweni;
• hemangioma (isimila ingozi esakheka emikhunjini encane yegazi);
• Umthambo ukulimala;
• aneurysms (ukunwetshwa inesikhala kuyizikhathi ezimbili noma ngaphezulu);
• occlusive amagatsha lesion lwaleli (ukwephulwa permeability semithambo, okuholela ischemia zobuchopho futhi emikhawulweni (engenhla)).

Uma unezinkinga isitsha kumele idluliselwe ukuhlinzwa semithambo.

Isiqu izilwane

brachiocephalic isiqu Anatomy kubo esilandelayo. It ihlukile womuntu ukuthi siqondiswe ngokucebile ukungena ingaphakathi esifubeni, lapho kakade sehlukaniswe imithambo emibili ngakwesokunxele (ilungelo lomuntu). Lokhu kwenzeka ezingeni lesibili vertebra thoracic.

Kwezinye izilwane, ezifana izinja nezingulube, isiqu brachiocephalic lapho, esikhundleni sakhe - imithambo emibili kwesobunxele abaphuma lwaleli yomthambo i-aorta. Besuka komunye kwemithambo yegazi, ebizwa ngokuthi brachiocephalic, asuke imithambo carotid, athwala igazi ekhanda kwezilwane. Ukukhethwa ihhashi ukuthi unesikhathi kwemithambo emincane embalwa aphambuke kuyo.

isiqu Brachiocephalic inikeza igazi ekhanda, entanyeni, esifubeni esitho odongeni esifubeni.

Kwezinye izimo, le stem phansi indlala yegilo iyisitho bakhiphe elezinga eliphansi yegilo Umthambo. Ngenxa isiqu kungaba inzuzo ngokungabi noma ukungabi khona omunye izitsha yegilo.

amagatsha isiqu

Ukuze zichithe imithambo kusukela imithambo subclavian babe zilwane umahluko oqondile. Kusukela Umthambo base behamba amagatsha alandelayo:

• Ubambo-wesibeletho isiqu onika igazi ukuze imisipha entanyeni buyabuna. Isuka kanye imithambo ezifana ezijulile vertebral wesibeletho (e ruminants nezingulube) noma kuphela eyokuqala babo (carnivores). Ngo amahhashi, isiqu kuyinto igatsha ezimele.
• Deep Umthambo wesibeletho uyabanikeza "extensors" ikhanda nentamo. Siyahluka ku Imisipha yentamo, isiqondiso sakhe cranial. On entanyeni, kanye namafomu legatsha umgogodla a eseduze yesibili. Ingulube kanye inja, lokhu Umthambo kuyinto igatsha isiqu ubambo-wesibeletho.
• Umthambo vertebral kuyinto isitimu. Ayebuye cranially. Kufinyelela Atlas, kudedela legatsha kwemisipha umgogodla uya ngembobo ngowokuqala vertebra wesibeletho (Atlas) nasentanyeni amafomu isilwane esikhulu ukugeleza endleleni (okuthiwa collaterals). Izinkomo ihamba kanye amagatsha eshiwo ngenhla. A carnivores kuyigazi isitsha lokuqala, okuyinto isuka umfula subclavian.
• Plechesheynaya Umthambo (eyaziwa nangokuthi olukha phezulu Umthambo wesibeletho) evumela Imisipha yentamo ngegazi, dewlap nomnyango esifubeni. Ingulube asuka yakhe yegilo isiqu.
• I kwangaphakathi futhi yangaphandle Umthambo thoracic. Ebusweni engaphakathi iqondiswa caudal kuya sternum, kuziwa izimbambo lwesikhombisa nezimfoloko. umkhumbi wakhe wokugcina uvezwa Umthambo musculo-diaphragmatic. licwila ngokwengeziwe futhi igazi ngaphakathi komgodi ongaphakathi kwamathumbu imisipha, izingulube carnivores futhi indlala mammary. Umthambo Outdoor Bypasses ubambo kuqala futhi amagatsha ekujuleni imisipha webele. Lokhu Umthambo is kunalokho kabi athuthukile.

Okulandelayo brachiocephalic isiqu izilwane, imithambo okuqhubekayo Kwesokunxele iba Umthambo axillary. Ziyakwazi angumtfombo igazi eligciniwe yezingalo nemilenze thoracic.