Izingqikithi ngekweliBhayibheli zobuciko. izindaba zeBhayibheli imidwebo

Cishe kusukela kwavela lwesintu, kulethwa mifanekiso nezingoma, okuyinto ezinikezwe eBhayibhelini. Esikhathini sethu, iBhayibheli kweza namakhulu eminyaka amaningi, zokunqoba izinkinga eziningi. Its sinqatshiwe ukufunda, babhujiswe futhi lushiswe emlilweni, kodwa isekhona. Nesishiyagalombili eminyaka kwathatha ukudala ke, kuthatha cishe 30 ubuhlakani kumbhali owayehlala iminyaka ezahlukene kanye nangenkathi, izincwadi lonke yeBhayibheli yalotshwa ngezilimi ezahlukene 66 in.

Ikharikhulamu esikoleni kudinga ukuthi abantwana bakhulume izindikimba ngekweliBhayibheli zobuciko. Ubuciko esikoleni, ukuze yethula abafundi abalingiswa kweBhayibheli kanye indaba echazwe encwadini.

izindaba zeBhayibheli imidwebo. Umdwebi omkhulu Rembrandt

abaculi ezinkulu emhlabeni baye basebenzisa izindikimba ngekweliBhayibheli zobuciko. Mhlawumbe ngokucace kakhudlwana zashiya izibazi ku umculi omkhulu Rembrandt. Wakwazi iqiniso kakhulu futhi ubonise ngobuqotho ngomnotho ongashi emhlabeni engaphakathi indoda ngokusebenzisa izindaba zeBhayibheli imidwebo. izinhlamvu aso anjengamajuba abantu abavamile, abantu besikhathi sika, phakathi lapho umculi wahlala.

Le ndoda abavamile bakwazi ukubona Rembrandt ubuqotho kwangaphakathi, isithunzi nobukhulu ezingokomoya. Waphenduka ukudlulisela isithombe umuntu enezimfanelo ayetholakala. sewebhu waso ogcwele uthando womuntu eyiqiniso, isiqinisekiso ecacile lena isithombe "yehla kusuka Cross" (1634 g). Umdwebo Famous - "Assur, uHamani no-Esther", ngokubhala ku inganekwane waseBhayibhelini, okungazange ulandisa indlela uHamani amaJuda anyundele phambi kwenkosi yase-Asiriya, abafisa sekufeni kwabo, futhi INdlovukazi u-Esteri ukwazile ukwambula wamanga esikhohlisayo.

Brueghel ongaqondakali

Umlando yobuciko kunzima ukuthola komdwebi ongaqondakali kakhulu futhi impikiswano kuka Brueghel. Akazange amane abashiye ngemuva nanoma yimaphi amanothi azibhala noma izihloko eziphathelene nokuphila kwakhe ngesikhathi, akazange ukulidonsa nokuzihlonipha, ngokuba nezingxabano ekumeni noma ekumeni yabathandekayo babo. Ngo imidwebo yakhe themes ngekweliBhayibheli zobuciko zimbozwe imfihlakalo, izinhlamvu ungenalo amaqembu sikhumbuleke futhi zonke izingcezu beswela ubuntu. Ngo imidwebo yakhe ungabona seNkosi kanye noMariya Ubusisiwe, uJesu Ioanna Krestitelya. Ukudweba "I Wokudumisa izazi", njengoba zambozwa umgubuzelo white. Ngakho-ke yokudweba owuthanda. Ngababuka, ngifuna axazulule impicabadala.

namaqhawe eziseBhayibhelini Brueghel ukuboniswa phakathi kwabantu besikhathi sakhe, baqhuba izifundo ekuphileni kwabo kwansuku zonke kwi lase nobe emigwacweni yase dolobheni nasemaphandleni. Ngokwesibonelo, uMsindisi, burdened isisindo lesiphambano sayo, walahlekelwa phakathi abantu abaningi abavamile abangekho ngisho bazi ukuthi benza zabo izinqumo zokuziphatha, ubuka Nkulunkulu.

imidwebo ngu Caravaggio

imidwebo Olukhulu Caravaggio wabhala ukuthi hit ulimi lwawo luhluke Basaba abangele impikiswano evuthayo phakathi Ongoti yobuciko. Naphezu kweqiniso lokuthi ngesikhathi Renaissance ngesihloko ozithandayo umdwebo babe izigcawu zemikhosi, Caravaggio wasigcwalisa yena, edabukisayo isihloko sakhe. Emidwebweni yakhe abantu ibhekene ukuhlupheka okubuhlungu nokuhlupheka akunabuntu. izingqikithi ngekweliBhayibheli zobuciko umdwebi usukela kule zabalingiswa "ubethelwa esiphambanweni iSt Peter", elibonisa ukukhishwa umphostoli wabethelwa esiphambanweni sibheke phansi esiphambanweni, futhi "I Entombment" nge umfanekiso idrama ethandwa.

Ngo imidwebo yakhe kukhona njalo everydayness futhi ordinariness zokuphila. Yena ngokuqinile edelelekile izithombe nge indaba ngengqondo esingavunyelwe ukukopishwa ukuphila, ngaye, imidwebo abanjalo babehamba ngezinto ezingelutho kanye uyingane. Ngaqiniseka ukuthi imidwebo kuphela esibonisa empilweni yangempela angabhekwa ifomu art.

iconography

ERussia imifanekiso uvele X leminyaka, ngemva iRussia yathatha inkolo WaseByzantium e 988 - ubuKristu. EByzantium, kuyilapho iconography netingcikitsi Elidala e ezobuciko, babé esiqinile, okukakhenoni uhlelo isithombe. Ukukhulekelwa kwezithombe kwaba ingxenye eyinhloko imfundiso nokukhulekela.

Eminyakeni engaphezu kwamakhulu amabili eRussia isihloko lo mdwebo kuphela iconography, adabula kulo, abantu abavamile anamekwe ubuciko obuhle. Echaza izikhathi kusuka ekuphileni kukaKristu, uMariya zabaPhostoli, abadwebi baye bazama ukuveza umbono wami siqu okuhle nokubi.

Isithonjana abadwebi obekulokhu kudingeka ukuba banamathele imithetho eqinile, abakwazanga iveza indaba eqanjiwe noma ecabangana. Kodwa abazange bancishwa ithuba ukudala, kwakunokwenzeka ukuba ahumushe izindaba zeBhayibheli zobuciko, ngokubona kwayo, ukukhetha inhlanganisela ezahlukene imibala. Icons abanye abadwebi zihlukaniswa phakathi kwabanye by nesitayela sabo ethile yokubhala.

Icons Andreya Rubleva

Ngokuvamile isihloko mpikiswano lwesayensi ngabanye icon okuqondene lokusungula Rublev. Ucezu kuphela wabhala ngokunembile Rublev - isithonjana "Elithi Ziqu-zintathu". Ngubani owabhala ngabanye ngenkathi ukungabaza.

I "Ziqu-zintathu" ikhombisa lula kokuvamile kanye "ukungasho lutho kwakhe" izenzakalo okukhulunywa ngayo eBhayibhelini. Ngobuciko obukhulu umculi akhonjwe ngokunembile leyo mininingwane ezisiza kabusha isethulo lomcimbi wamanje - it is a entabeni elifanekisela ehlane, u-Abrahama nendlu futhi Oak kweMamre. Ngenxa yalesi isithonjana yobuciko, nje efanekisa iBhayibheli, isibe aziwayo. Ngaphambili, akekho nesibindi ukuze ukuphindukuzalwa enjalo emibhalo engcwele esithombeni.

Old art Russian ubelokhu ngokuqinile ulandele embhalweni weBhayibheli, umgomo yayo sokuqala kwaba lokuphinda isithombe, ositshela iBhayibheli bese iVangeli. Rublev wakwazi ukuthola incazelo yefilosofi imibhalo yeBhayibheli.

Scenes we okusha kanye eTestamenteni Elidala kanye izindikimba ngekweliBhayibheli zobuciko

Scenes kusukela okusha futhi iTestamente Elidala hlala yezindawo eziyinhloko e-art yobuKristu. Echaza izigcawu zeBhayibheli, umculi kumele idluliselwe canvas emibhalo engcwele, ukuba bafake isandla ukuqonda, uqinise bezibona ngokomzwelo futhi baqinise ukholo. Ngakho-ke, ezobuciko kanye iBhayibheli kuhlobene, bashintsha umlando ndawonye.

izithombe zobuKristu akulula nokuzala izingqikithi kweBhayibheli. abaculi Talented ukudala imidwebo zinkulu, ngalinye elikwazi uhlukile ngenxa yokuthi ukuthi inkulumo ekhethekile ngendatjana waseBhayibhelini.

Ekuqaleni, ubuKristu kwavela njengoba imfundiso entsha yobuJuda, ngakho ngo-art lamaKristu okuqala yayibuswa izigcawu zeTestamente Elidala okuvela. Kodwa-ke ubuKristu baqala ukuthutha kude baphuma ebuJudeni futhi abaculi baqala zibonisa izigcawu kusukela eTestamenteni Elisha.

U-Abrahama kukho zobuciko

Omunye izinhlamvu, ngokuhlanganisa izinkolo eziningana (UbuJuda, ubuKristu nobuSulumane) ngu-Abrahama. Ngomfanekiso wakhe ehlanganisa sinezici eziningana:

• ngukhokho wamaJuda, futhi ngokusebenzisa izingane kaHagari futhi Ketura - ezihlukahlukene Arab;
• umsunguli wokuqala UbuJuda, emelela ekahle sokuzinikela ukholo;
• welungelo abantu phambi kukaNkulunkulu futhi hero-iqhawe.

Ngo ukubukwa zobuJuda nezobuKristu Kukhona umqondo 'esifubeni sika-Abrahama "- lena indawo okukhethekile otherworldly yokuphumula endaweni yabafileyo ngakhethi. Imidwebo zibonisa Abrahama, ehlezi ngamadolo akhe, esifubeni sakhe noma esiswini uhlalele imiphefumulo KHOLWA izingane. Lokhu kungabonakala kuyi-zabalingiswa "Golden Gate", "Portal Prince sika."

Umhlatshelo ka-Isaka

Kodwa kuncike ozithandayo kakhulu, ihlobene no-Abrahama, ube ngumnikelo.

Ngo umbhalo eziseBhayibhelini usitshela ngendlela uNkulunkulu wacela u-Abrahama ukuba ashise-Isaka indodana yakhe ukuze ngibonise ubuqotho bakhe. Ubaba wakha i-altare entabeni yaseMoriya, futhi ngomzuzu wokugcina umhlatshelo ka-Isaka, ingelosi yabonakala kuye futhi wamnqanda. Kunalokho, ingane washiswa iwundlu.

Lesi siqephu okukhulu kuholela ukucabanga ngokujulile le ubulungisa bukaNkulunkulu.

izingqikithi ngekweliBhayibheli zobuciko has edonsela njalo abaculi. Naphezu kweqiniso lokuthi zonke izindaba eziseBhayibhelini isikhathi eside esikhathini esidlule, abadwebi uphatha ukubonakalisa ngokoqobo wesimanje ngokusebenzisa ukuphila kwabo.