Izithiyo zokuxhumana

Zonke wasamukela lokukhulumisana ulwazi siyaqonda, kokuhlangenwe nakho kwethu, ekhona izindawo, kanye ngokusebenzisa iphrizimu maqondana yethu subjective ukuze interlocutor. Futhi ngokuvamile sizwa hhayi lokho sazama ukuba adlulisele umlingani wethu. Ngokuvamile ukuveza njengoba ngokunembile umqondo wakhe kungenzeki ngokuphelele ngenxa imizwa nesichichimayo. izithiyo ezinjalo, okuholela ukudideka futhi kukwenze kube nzima ukuxhumana inzuzo nenjabulo - lena izithiyo zokuxhumana.

izinhlobo izithiyo

Kunemikhakha eminingi futhi izimfanelo, okuyinto kungenziwa labizwa ngokuthi ukuxhumana izithiyo. Sizokwenza ungaxoxi ngokuningiliziwe ngeengaba ekhona, kodwa kuphela ucingo nokuchaza lwezinhlobo ezivame kakhulu.

1. Izithiyo Umbono

Lezi izithiyo ekukhulumisaneni, ezifana inkulumo isithiyo, ngamawala, kanye nabanye abaningi. Ukuzwisiswa, kumelwe sikwazi ukubeka ngokucacile imibono yabo. Amagama, ikakhulukazi zokuxhumana ibhizinisi, kufanele kube ngokunengqondo ngukulunga, ngendlela abakhuluma ngayo - beqiniseka. I kangcono isikhulumi elawula imizwelo yakhe, cishe ukuthi uzokwazi odlulisela lokho afuna ukukusho. Ngaphezu kwalokho, izici ezifana silulumagama ezingonakalisa umbono kwanoma iyiphi inkulumo zilungiswe ngokucophelela, futhi ziphazamise yokuqonda yayo sina. Futhi uma bobabili unesithakazelo inkhulumomphendvulwano, kuyomelwe ukuzivumelanisa izici yokukhuluma, kanti eyesibili kufanele ucabange abasebenza isici eziyinkinga (mpendulo amakilasi, emsebenzini nokuzikhuthaza nodokotela osiza abanezinkinga zokukhuluma).

Ngokuvamile kuphakama izithiyo zokuxhumana ngenxa umbono wokuqala (ngokuvamile aqukethe isignali non-ngamazwi) lapho ukuxhumana ngempumelelo kuvimbela sengqondo akunasidingo engakhi interlocutor. Njengoba kungase kubangele kahle ukungathandi izici ezithile sangaphandle okubanjiswene naye ebhizinisini, kodwa udinga ukuthi uqaphele ukuthi akufanele kuthinte ekhulunywe yakho.

elikhulu njengoba ukufakwa ekhona, ukusonta bezibona ulwazi. Sine ezahlukene isimiso amagugu kanye nezincazelo ezahlukene esho izwi elifanayo. Uma ukuqaphela umehluko ekhona phakathi kwakho nomunye umuntu, futhi ungakwazi sizibambele akhawunti (okuwukuthi, sebenzisa kuze kufike komunye umuntu futhi izwi olunembile kakhulu), izithiyo zokuxhumana uzobe ngokwengxenye unqobe.

Endaweni ehlukile, ungakwazi ukusho lokhu ebambezela izinga zokuxhumana njengoba ukungakwazi ukulalela futhi esivela njalo zwana zokuhlunga, sizwa lokho esifuna ukukuzwa.

2. Izithiyo nokuxhumana

Lokhu izithiyo ngokwengqondo zokuxhumana okuhlotshaniswa nezisusa ezahlukene, isikhundla ezahlukene zokuziphatha, izinga lezindleko zokukhiqiza ulwazi lokwenza umsebenzi kanye yezingxoxo isitayela. Ngakho, kunzima ukuxhumana nendoda ulindele ukuxhumana nawe uthole umphumela ohlukile kakhulu. Futhi uma eyodwa ilungiselelwe ukuxazulula inkinga ethile, kanye nezinye - ku nengxoxo lutho, ingxoxo awukwazi ukwanelisa kokubili. Ezimweni ezinjalo kuhle ngokushesha ukukhomba izinjongo zabo.

Kunzima ngokulinganayo yokuthola ulimi olulodwa nalabo ezingeni emakhono ndaba kuyahluka kakhulu, okungaba ecasulayo kakhulu futhi ube isizathu alixhumani nhlobo.

3. Izithiyo imizwelo engakhi

Lezi zihlanganisa indlela zokuxhumana izithiyo ukuthi kuphakama ngaphansi kwethonya ukucindezeleka ngokujulile kanye nemicimbi esindayo, lapho umuntu eba agodliwe futhi anqikaze yoxhumana nabo, futhi izithiyo okubangelwa imizwa ejulile (intukuthelo, ukwesaba). nomthelela omubi nokuxhumana ekuchumana izakhiwo ezijulile yokuthonywa imizwelo engakhi (ezifana namahloni noma wecala), futhi ucasukile, okungaba hhayi kuphela izivakashi kodwa futhi "ezingamahlalakhona."

Ungakwazi uhlu amaqembu amaningi kakhulu futhi izinhlobo izithiyo ekukhulumisaneni, kodwa ukushayisana ngamunye wabo, kuye ngokuthi lokho okushiwo umuntu othize ngawe kanye nokuxhumana ngenhloso yakho kusho ukuthi kumelwe sikhethe: ungazama bakwemukele isimo, noma ukwala ukuxhumana nhlobo. Kukhona amacala lapho umgoqo luqedwe uma bobabili abathandayo unesithakazelo kuyo.

Uma une ngokwanele self-ukugxekwa, futhi unomuzwa wokuthi imbangela yalezi izithiyo kukhona izenzo zakho, khona-ke wena vele isigamu-indlela ziqedwe yabo. Ungabi lazy ukusebenza ku ngokwabo futhi ukucela usizo umuntu ongakusiza nale.