Kanjani baseGibhithe lasendulo "Incwadi Abafileyo"

Bazo zonke izizinda kusekelwe isikhashana esithile ekuphileni komuntu, elibangela ekudalweni imikhuba, amasiko kanye ezingcwele. Duzane lezi zinto kwakwenziwa bacishe bayifunda yonke afanayo namasiko impucuko. Imicikilisho okukhulu kakhulu namasiko iyona impucuko waseGibhithe, obabukhona iminyaka eminingi ngaphambi kokuba ukubukeka abanye. Lokhu isiko sombuso emphakathini wanamuhla. Ngisho nangaphambi kokuba ukubukeka amasiko lokuqala ngaphandle yezwekazi lase-Afrika abaseGibhithe wayevele ingqalasizinda yayo emizini, ngisho kwesokudla. Kodwa lokhu akulona nje izici isiko waseGibhithe. Sici Its main - a inkolo lasendulo Egypt.

Izici enkolweni yaseGibithe Lasendulo

Kufanele kuqashelwe ukuthi cishe yonke inkolo baseGibhithe lasendulo kusekelwe enkolelweni yokuthi umbuso otherworldly. Ngokusho kwabo, kwelizayo engekho nje, kodwa futhi unalo nabameleli bayo ubuso kela enkulu onkulunkulu. Zonke izinkolelo zenkolo Egypt singaxoxi onkulunkulu izindaba zabo, kanye nezimpilo zabantu abavamile ngemva kokufa. By the way, impilo emva kokufa - lena yokuthi lapho okukhulunywe ngaye ekuqaleni. Ngokwesiko waseGibhithe neqiniso lokufa komuntu lihlotshaniswa inqwaba imikhuba nemicikilisho yokuthintana. Ngokwemvelo yayo, amaGibhithe ayengakwazi abakholelwa ezeni kakhulu. Babeqiniseka ukuthi inqubo yomsebenzi womuntu ozonquma umphumela Isiphelo sakhe embusweni olandelayo. Ngenxa yalokho zalezi zinkolelo sidaliwe "The Book of the Dead", elawula ngokuningiliziwe ngokunamandla kangaka ukuphila komuntu ngemva kokufa.

"The Book of the Dead" - kuyini?

Basendulo baseGibithe "Incwadi Abafileyo" - iqoqo ezithile emaculweni esonto futhi imibhalo, okuyinto zadalwa ngenhloso nokusiza abafileyo. Incwadi ngokuvamile ibekwe ethuneni, ukuthi Lo muntu ofile wavuka ungase uthole indlela efanele esikhathini abafileyo, kodwa futhi ukuvimbela ingress umphefumulo asengozini. Leli qoqo uhlobo Umhlahlandlela umphefumulo e kwelizayo. Injongo indalo yayo - ukuhlinzeka ezinye umphefumulo.

Kumele baqonde, kubukeka sengathi i-baseGibhithe lasendulo "Incwadi Abafileyo." It kungatholakala amakhophi amaningi, kuye ngokuthi yisiphi isikhathi sokudalwa. Into wukuthi sekungamakhulu eminyaka kwindlela "Incwadi Abafileyo" yadalwa, kushintsha njalo. Lokhu kwakubangelwa lo mkhuba owandayo zenkolo kanye nomphakathi ezazikhona ngesikhathi esisodwa noma esinye.

Indaba le ncwadi

Ngaphambili, ke Kwavezwa ukuthi ifomu lapho ncwadi lubonakaliswa luyehluka kuye isikhathi. Ngaphezu kwalokho, baseGibhithe lasendulo "Incwadi Abafileyo" - akuyona iqoqo imibhalo enikelwe kwelizayo. Ngo umlando Egypt zaziwa nakweminye imibhalo efanayo, okungukuthi. "Sarcophagus Imibhalo" futhi "Ematheksthi Pyramid"

Direct ukuthuthukiswa kuleli bhuku kukodwa, ngenkathi Old Kingdom, lapho kwakuyisiko "izintambo" kaFaro e kwelizayo yakhe uhambo. Ngalesi isiko le nompristikazi walizwakalisa ifomula ekhethekile magic ukuthi kwadingeka ukuba unikeze ukuphila "ezinhle" ngemva kokufa enkosini yabo. Kamuva, zonke izingoma futhi kuwo ngemithandazo isiko waqala ukuloba phezu kwezitsha ekhethekile ukuthi ogibele sarcophagi. Kakade ngesikhathi Ephakathi Kingdom lezi sarcophagi zazitholwa hhayi kuphela oFaro, kodwa futhi ezicukuthwaneni ocebile. Ngo namanje kamuva inkathi nabaseGibhithe lasendulo lasuka mkhuba kwerekhodi "Incwadi Abafileyo" phezu futhi waqala ngokuthi 'yenza' ke ngesimo imiqulu ekhethekile, ngalinye elikwazi ufakwa sarcophagus. Le miqulu kuthiwa ngokuvamile ezenziwe lesikhumba noma nge-papyrus. Le ndlela "Incwadi Abafileyo" kwenza kube nokwenzeka ukuba uphendule umbuzo othi, kubonakala sengathi incwadi baseGibhithe lasendulo.

Isakhiwo "Incwadi Abafileyo"

Yini okunye okufanele kuqashelwe? Basendulo baseGibithe "Incwadi Abafileyo" has a isakhiwo esiyingqayizivele. Lokhu kungenxa ukuthambekela indalo yayo. Ngaphambili, sesivele sifundzile, kubukeka sengathi i-baseGibhithe lasendulo "Incwadi Abafileyo." It is ethulwa ngesimo imiqulu (iphepha noma isikhumba), okuyinto aliveza imithandazo, chants kanye nezinye iziphonso imilingo. Zonke izifundo "Incwadi Abafileyo," esekelwe encwadini ethi Fivskoy. It lethiwa isici indawo lapho watholakala. Kwaba kamuva wathola nezinye izimo lokuphinda isakhiwo anolaka iqoqo kuchazwe.

Basendulo baseGibithe "Incwadi Abafileyo," "uLizwi sifisa izwe" - lena isihloko zakudala kakhulu. Ayikwazi ukudala bokuqukethwe yayo, kusukela kuzo zonke izingxenye abamelwe kungeniswe bahlangana izincwadi ezinyatheliswa ngezikhathi ezehlukene. "Hymn to onkulunkulu" kwesigaba bungabonakala ekuqaleni eqoqweni. Njengoba-ke kulawulwa inqubo eziyisisekelo bedumisa onkulunkulu efile. Okulandelayo kuba "Ikhanga imimoya yabafileyo kanye onkulunkulu." Kukholakala ukuthi kule ngxenye lonke "inqubo kwelizayo", okuzoxoxwa ngezansi, umphefumulo uphendukela bonke onkulunkulu futhi ngaleyo ndlela bathethelele zonke izono zabo. Ngemva kwalokho, encwadini ungathola inqwaba izahluko, ngamunye okuyinto lisitshela inqubo kwelizayo ngokuningiliziwe.

INkantolo Ephakeme Yase-Osiris - sibonelo kwesivivinyo yesimanje

Nakuba abantu echazwe wahlala isikhathi eside, kodwa lwaseGibhithe lasendulo "Incwadi Abafileyo" iqukethe isiqondiso eningilizayo yazo zonke lezi inqubo afterworld. Osiris - ungumahluleli abakhulu wezwe lemimoya. umphefumulo lomufi ukhangwa ke, kanye nezinye onkulunkulu baseGibhithe ukuze bavune izono zabo. Abathandwayo Kuyaphawuleka ukuthi umphefumulo, okufakazela ukuthi akanacala, ungasho mayelana engekho ngokumelene naye. Konke amaphuzu cishe inqubo komhlaba umhlaba. Uma ngokuphelele ukuqonda, real Isivivinyo of Ancient Egypt kwaba cishe ngendlela efanayo uvezwa kwelizayo.

Lokhu ukufana ubangelwa yokuthi ngokuhamba kwesikhathi, le ncwadi yaqala zingene kwezinkambiso zokuziphatha ukuthi kakhulu abathintekayo oyiyo nokuqukethwe. Ngakho, at the zakamuva ezitholakele amakhophi ethulwa esiseduzane incwadi umphakathi lwaseGibhithe lasendulo. Ukuhlala kwabantu Yiqiniso, akuphazamisi, kodwa inqubo kuyafana kwelizayo kanye nomhlaba.

isiphetho

Kulesi sihloko sabona izigaba eyinhloko ukuvela Ukudalwa "Incwadi Abafileyo." ukuthambekela eyinhloko umphakathi waseGibhithe iye yachazwa, kanye iziyalezo zendlela bheka baseGibhithe lasendulo "Incwadi Abafileyo."