Kuyini amasosha omzimba yekwentiwa kanye yemvelo?

Usokhaya izivikelo ukusebenza emagciwaneni, izifo nama-virus. Hlukanisa amasosha omzimba yokwenziwa, lapho amasosha omzimba sezivele zikhona futhi silivikele. Active usebenza lapho umzimba womuntu ukhiqiza amangqamuzana ngenxa ukusabela sifo noma umgomo.

Izinhlobo izindlela zokuzivikela

ukuphikiswa Ubude ekungenweni kuthonywa izingxenye ezimbili:

• amasosha omzimba nje kuphela;
• izivikelo okusebenzayo.

Ukusebenza ayisivimbi igciwane likhona ukuthuthukisa lymphocyte ethize. Laba kunqunywa quantitatively by izindlela laboratory. Amasosha omzimba Passive echazwe omzimba Igm, IgG.

Odokotela basebenzisa igama elithi "avidity" - amandla isibopho amasosha antigen. Kwebalingisi kuyadingeka ukunquma ikhono i umzimba ukuba simelane ukutheleleka zamanje. Ngezinye imiphumela engemihle yokwelapha ukuthuthukisa amasosha omzimba yokwenziwa yokufakelwa.

Ukuvikelwa asebenzayo

amasosha omzimba Passive usevele ekhona emzimbeni, kuyilapho ingxenye esebenzayo ezivezwa umzimba ukuze umshayeli:

• wokugoma;
• iseli igciwane noma ezinye ukutheleleka.

amasosha omzimba asebenzayo lihlukaniswe by indlela kumiswa:

• yemvelo - omzimba ezivezwa ekulweni amaseli pathogenic;
• yokufakelwa - kwenzeka ngemva nokuphathwa wokugoma.

2 yakha umgoqo izifo kalula. amasosha omzimba Yemvelo amaseli, ezulazulayo ngomzimba ngqo ukubulala amagciwane. uhlelo Non-mzimba iqoqo imisebenzi eyengeziwe. Lokhu kuhlanganisa esikhumbeni, nolwelwesi lwamafinyila.

Okuxhunyanwa Ukuvikelwa isici itholakala amathumbu. Lwamafinyila ebhubhisa nezilwanyana ezincane eziyingozi sibhajwe emzimbeni emphinjeni. Ngakho-ke kudingeka ukuthi silondoloze isimo enempilo we microflora.

Isimo lwamafinyila yangaphakathi bathonywe izinto eziningi: ukulala elizolisayo, umsoco, ukugula, ukucindezeleka, ukushisa unhlangothi. Lapho wonke amagciwane ihlolwe amasosha omzimba ukuvikela uqale ukubhekana lezinto angaphandle. amasosha omzimba Yemvelo noma bathenga iba yinto yokugcina okungaphendukelwa kuyo ukuze bahlanze umzimba ekuhlaselweni.

Ukuvikelwa ngasebenzi

Artificial amasosha omzimba ubukele abantu iqala ukukhiqiza kulezi zimo ezilandelayo:

• afundwa igazi-gamma globulin serum lapho zaphathwa;
• amasosha omzimba babe kanye angaphandle igazi.

Isimo esifana ebonwe izinsana. Gamma globulin ziyadlula kusuka kumama kuya enganeni. igiya Avikelayo ikhiqizwa kuphela labo zezifo namagciwane ukuthi owesifazane eke egula noma lapho umgomo wakhululwa.

amasosha omzimba Passive yokufakelwa lihlukile asebenzayo ukuthi ekugcineni iphele. Neonates izivikelo ethathwe unina bayobuna ezinyangeni eziyisithupha. A nomphumela ofanayo abona othile ewunikela ngesikhathi iqondiswa serum amasosha omzimba ukuvikela amaseli ngenkathi ye-gamma globulin afundwa kakhulu igazi.

izindlela ukusekela umzimba

yokuphila Active kuphakamisa amasosha omzimba. Passive kunciphisa izinqubo umzimba emzimbeni futhi ikhuthaza ikoloni ngo nezilwanyana ezincane pathogenic. Umphumela ongemuhle kuyinto izinto eziyingozi: utshwala, intuthu kagwayi.

lactobacillus yemvelo isetshenziswa ukuthuthukisa ithoni umzimba. Athobele Ukudla wezokwelapha. amalungiselelo Pharmaceutic akhethiwe kanye immunologist. Gada isimo umzimba kungenzeka yokuhlolwa yase-laboratory ukuze immunoglobulin, ayisiza. Ngo izifo ezingelapheki, lokhu isilinganiso kudingeka kakhulu.

Izinhlobo eziningana elikhethiwe kusebenze mzimba ngokumelene isifo esithile:

• toxoids - lokugoma ubuthi webhaktheriya (izidakamizwa umphumela ngokuphumelelayo ngokumelene ngqi, pertussis);
• wokugoma inactivated - ngokuvamile kukholelwa ngokumelene umkhuhlane, esekelwe usebenzisa amagciwane wabulala futhi isebenza ngokumelene ezithwalwa encephalitis, ngqi;
• amaseli izifo ophilayo - attenuated nezilwanyana ezincane kusebenze umzimba ozivikela ngayo.

inothi

kwakhiwa Yemvelo amasosha omzimba yokwenziwa is othile isifo, ubuthi, igciwane. Umzimba avumelane nemibandela kokushintsha, inike zokuzivikela iseli lymphocyte. amasosha omzimba Artificial iphathwa ngomjovo futhi kukhona isikhathi esifushane.

Lapho ukudluliswa yemvelo omzimba kusuka kumama kuya enganeni ingane ukuthuthukisa Ukuvikelwa izinyanga eziyisithupha. Banikezwe sengqondo sokuqaphela abazali ukuba izinsana, kunciphisa ingozi noma ukuqonywa besebancane.

Omama ukudlula ukuvikela izingane ukunxenxa ngembobo izifo. Lokhu kwenzeka ngesikhathi kumiswa fetus ibele. Ngakho-ke, odokotela musa batusa ekuseni ukuba bangayeki ibele, ngoba kwakheka isimiso sokuzivikela ezifweni ezinyangeni ezimbalwa zokuqala.