Kuyini hybrid imoto? Okuzuzisa kakhulu Izimoto Hybrid

izimoto Hybrid kukhona kancane kodwa ngokuqinisekile uzoqhubeka elwela isikhundla emakethe yezimoto emhlabeni wonke. Ukuthandwa okwandayo onobuhle okunjalo futhi ukukhiqizwa neqhaza izici inhloso ngempela - kancane kancane kwentengo for diesel nophethiloli, ukwethulwa izidingo ezibophayo kakhulu ngokusebenza kanye nezindleko-ukusebenza izindinganiso ezintsha kwemvelo for izinjini.

Hybrid Izimoto: Kuyini lokhu?

"Hybrid" ngesiLatini - into etholakale ngenxa ngokuhlanganisa izakhi Lokudabuka heterogeneous. Ezweni ubuchwepheshe yezimoto kuleli umqondo kuhlanganisa inhlanganisela izinhlobo ezimbili powertrains. Kuyinto mayelana yangaphakathi omlilo engine (ICE) kanye motor kagesi (okunye - motor, air onomfutho). Kulesi imoto yesimanje abakhiqizi epha kambaphambili kuze ohlakaniphile ukuphathwa amandla izinhlelo.

Kunezinhlobo ezimbili zama-izitshalo amandla nzalo yezimoto - egcwele (nzalo eliphelele) kanye engasindi (nzalo omnene). Inketho Eyokuqala ihilela ukuhlela kuhlomisa esinamandla kagesi motor imoto, ngempumelelo abhanqiwe ne yangaphakathi omlilo engine futhi iyakwazi ukunikeza ukuhamba umshini ngesivinini aphansi. Le nguqulo lite motor kagesi kunikezwa indima ekusekeleni kuphela.

A uhambo iDemo ku umlando

Eyokuqala ukukhiqizwa hybrid izimoto "Toyota" (Toyota Prius liftback) sehla yokwakha izimoto ecela emashumini amabili edlule, ngo-1997. Ngemva kweminyaka emibili, "Honda" uye wasungula imodeli Insight, futhi ngemva kwesikhashana Abenzi Japanese baye bahlanganyela European futhi American auto imidondoshiya - "Ford", "Audi", "Volvo", "BMW". Ngonyaka we-2014, inani eliphelele nzalo ithengiswe imikhumbi sawela luyingqophamlando sesigidi eziyisikhombisa.

Kodwa ungacabangi ukuthi yangaphakathi omlilo injini kanye motor kagesi ku pair wathola kuphela ekupheleni kwekhulu XX. Samazibulo avtogibridov ukuqonda kwethu kwamanje kwaba Lohner-Porshe Semper Vivus - imoto elaklanywa edume umklami Austrian uFerdinand Porsche emuva ngo-1900.

AmaSu hybrid ngamandla

parallel

Mayelana nezimoto lapho wesifunda parallel luyasetshenziswa, kuba injini ehola ukuthungela yangaphakathi. Inamandla motor kagesi kudlala indima ekusekeleni, kuhlanganise phakathi ukusheshisa noma braking, amandla okuzivuselela futhi amasheya. Ukuvumelana we yangaphakathi omlilo injini kanye motor kagesi kuhlinzekwe yinkampani uhlelo lokulawula ikhompyutha.

Ngokuvumelana

Isifanekiso elula imoto hybrid. isimiso sayo wokusebenza kusekelwe ukudluliswa torque kusukela yangaphakathi omlilo injini generator, ugesi futhi lisola ibhethri. Umshini ezinyakazayo lwenziwa yisikhungo kagesi amandla isitimela.

okuxubile

Inketho ukugcwaliseka ngesikhathi esisodwa uchungechunge futhi izifunda kuqondane. Ukuhambisa kusuka endaweni futhi ezihamba ngesivinini aphansi, imoto lisebenzisa traction kagesi, kanye yangaphakathi omlilo engine inikeza generator. Traffic on high speed kwenzeka ngenxa yokudlulisela torque kusukela yangaphakathi omlilo injini namasondo drive. Ephambi kwezinduna imithwalo okusezingeni eliphezulu ukuphakela kagesi amandla asizayo livele ibhethri. Ukuxhumana kwe-motor kagesi kanye yangaphakathi omlilo injini izuzwe igiya kwamaplanethi.

izinzuzo

A hybrid imoto ihlanganisa izinzuzo i motor ngogesi kanye mshini injini. Izinzuzo motor - torque engu izici ezivelele njengenhlangano yangaphakathi omlilo injini - uphethiloli liquid elula mthombo wamandla. Imodi lokuqala ngempumelelo yokuma njalo futhi siqala, nemiculo ukushayela edolobheni, kwesibili - ngesivinini njalo. Izinzuzo obungenakuphikwa lokhu Ngohlelo:

• ukusebenza kahle (for the run efanayo hybrid petrol 20-25% ngaphansana imodeli classical);
• yamandla aphezulu reserve;
• imvelo (lemali ukuncipha eziyingozi kwekhabhoni emkhathini ngokusebenzisa okunengqondo petrol);
• ubuncane ukubopha pad bafake (ezilungiselelwa unyathela amabhuleki okuzivuselela);
• ngcono egijima izinkomba;
• ikhono ukulondoloza kabusha ukusetshenziswa amandla (isitoreji kukhona amabhethri capacitors ekhethekile).

amaphutha

• izindleko High, ngenxa yokuba yinkimbinkimbi Umklamo sokuphehla amandla.
• Kuyabiza ukulungisa hybrid izimoto kanye nezinkinga nokulahla amabhethri.
• isisindo elikhulu.
• ezifweni Ibhethri ukuzithiba khulula.

What do abanikazi imoto?

Car abathanda emhlabeni wonke ukuba ngenkuthalo wabelane nakho kwabo unqoba komgwaqo kanye nemigqondo imishini ngokuhlaziya ngokucophelela ngobuhle nangobubi bawo wabo onobuhle ajwayelekile. Akazange ahlale ngaphandle ukunakwa hybrid izimoto. Izibuyekezo abanikazi abafanele ubufakazi babo obucacile nokwethenjelwa yale mishini kanye nokwenzeka Ukonga okukhulu kwesabelomali umndeni, uya ukuthenga uphethiloli. Inzuzo zokugcina kubaluleke kakhulu kulabo abasebenza uhambo olude. Phakathi bokwenza kukhona okusezingeni eliphezulu yesondlo izindleko nzalo kanye okubi kakhulu uma ziqhathaniswa izimoto zakudala, cornering ukuzinza.

Top amamodeli engcono

Toyota Prius ( "Toyota Prius")

Pioneer nzalo umndeni, ifakwe izinjini ezimbili kagesi (amandla 42 kW ne-60 kW), lihambisana yangaphakathi omlilo injini engu-1.8 litre (umthamo 98 l. C.). ngesivinini esiphezulu - 180 km / h. Ngenxa amanani ezingabizi ezehlukile fuel Umnotho, Toyota Prius iminyaka eminingi, ungumholi ngokuya yokuthengisa phakathi nesincintisana ingxenye yayo.

Toyota Camry Hybrid ( "Toyota Camry")

I hybrid imoto lapho ukonga kakhulu, design ekhangayo, induduzo processability okusezingeni eliphezulu. Enye inzuzo yokuhamba kwesikebhe kukhishwa Toyota Camry phakathi nzalo nabo, - ukusheshisa okusheshayo (I-7.4 imizuzwana, lokhu imodeli Ingasheshisa kuya ku-100 km / h).

Chevrolet Volt ( "Chevrolet Volt")

Practical ezine hatchback omuhle kakhulu ukugijima izici. hybrid elishajekayo (-plug-in hybrid imoto). It ifakwe uphethiloli injini (umthamo 1.4 litre, 84 ilitha umthamo. S.), Block lithium-ion kokuba ukuphila isikhathi eside, kanye motor kagesi ukushayela imoto. Mileage ku kagesi ezisemadolobheni - mayelana 54-60 km.

Volvo V60 Plug-in ( "Volvo V60 Plug-in")

Okokuqala phakathi avtogibridov injini imodeli turbodiesel (umthamo 2.4 litre, 215 litre umthamo. S., ukusetshenziswa Isilinganiso udizili 100 ikhilomitha ngalinye kuyinto 1.9 amalitha). The kungenzeka motor kagesi zenqola udizili esiteshini avunyelwe ukuba kudlule phezu kagesi amakhilomitha 50.

Honda Civic Hybrid ( "Honda-Civic")

Car onjiniyela wancika ezinjalo ezibalulekile umthengi izici induduzo, fuel Umnotho usizo. Izingxenye ezisemqoka ukuthandwa Honda Civic Hybrid - compactness, ephawulekayo juxtaposed ephethe namandla sibonga hybrid emklamweni izixazululo ekhethekile, ukusebenza kahle kanye nomklamo ekhangayo.

Amathemba, noma ikheli le-omcane abagxeki

ubuchwepheshe Hybrid has abasekeli bayo nabaphikisi. Abanye abantu bakholelwa lokufaneleka kwabo futhi ukusebenza, kanti abanye abanalo isondo ukuze akhombe amaphutha. Uma usuvele unemoto classic kanye esebenzisa udizili noma uphethiloli injini, uthanda nje umklamo walo, ongaphakeme petrol, izici lobuchwepheshe kanye nokusebenza, kungenzeka ukuthi akudingekile ukuba asheshise ngokuthenga kwe-hybrid. Linda kuze kube yilapho abakhiqizi kuzoletha ukumaketha okufushane okuthuthukile.

Vele abayi kakhulu welulela inqubo ukulinda, ukuze singathwesi uzisole mayelana isikhathi elahlekile futhi bayazibuza ukuthi kungani ziye ukususwa ukuthenga. Ngokusho kochwepheshe, imoto hybrid esikhathini esizayo esiseduze kungaba lavamile emigwaqweni yasemadolobheni amakhulu nasemadolobheni amancane. Ngesikhathi esifanayo wabikezela ukwanda okuphawulekayo we imodeli uhla ekhona. Nzalo kuzothatha liyindawo efanelekayo ngamunye chungechunge ingxenye imoto - kusukela Supercars ukuba crossovers futhi amancane nabo.