Kuznetsky Alatau. Kuznetsky Alatau - Reserve. Map, izithombe

"Kuznetsky Alatau" - inqolobane semvelo, lokuyindlela lilondolozwe futhi wafundelwa yezimila nezilwane ezihlukahlukene we eKemerovo esifundeni. Imvelo zalezi zindawo esiyingqayizivele. Ukuze uthole ukwaziswa on indawo esiqiwini nezakhamuzi zawo uzothola kulesi sihloko.

indawo

State Reserve itholakala engxenyeni eseningizimu Central eSiberia, ku emthambekeni esentshonalanga yokhalo Kuznetsky Alatau, e, wamjamisa esiqongolweni insimu ka Mezhdurechensk, Novokuznetsk kanye eKemerovo esifundeni Tisulsky District.

Kuznetsky Alatau Ukhahlamba ithatha cishe ingxenye yesithathu eKemerovo esifundeni. Kuyinto ezintabeni medium kokuwa, dissected ngasemfuleni nezigodi ezijulile. Engxenyeni eseningizimu yale ndawo Kuznetsky Alatau waphawula division enkulu endaweni lwezinkalo, abase-umsuka Usa eMfuleni, Tersey maphakathi kanye engenhla, White futhi Black Yus. Ngasempumalanga lilinganiselwe Minusinskaya Reserve, futhi ukuya ngasentshonalanga - the Kuznetsk Basin. Enyakatho Kuznetsky Alatau alinaso imingcele ecacile, eningizimu lihlale Abakan Ibhanga eWestern Sayan.

Umlando sokudalwa

Inqubo imishini kanye kudalwa "Kuznetsky Alatau" yathatha iminyaka engaba yishumi. I-agumenti esiyinhloko kuvulwa wokugodla inkinga etholakala ngezinhlobonhlobo zezinto eziphilayo nemithombo yamanzi we eKemerovo esifundeni. Ngo-1989, ngo-December 27, uHulumeni ikhiphe inombolo isimemezelo 385 we RSFSR ku ukusungulwa esiqiwini. Ngemva kweminyaka emine, ngo-1993, 28 Septhemba, Amancane oPhethe eKemerovo Oblast Council of amaphini Yabantu wenza isinqumo №213 ekuvumeleni imingcele esiqiwini kanye zone sesikhashana ensimini eduze. Ngo-1995, ngo-Agasti 22, uMkhandlu woNgqongqoshe weRiphabhulikhi Khakassia omamukele ubukhulu insimu ka lokuvikeleka kwezifiso ezisemqoka ezingumphumela zemvelo reserve endaweni 8.000 amahektha. Ngo-1996, 4 Okthoba, umqondisi "Kuznetsky Alatau" waqokwa Vasilchenko Aleksey Andreevich.

Ngisho ngemva kokumiswa loluhlelekile indawo esiqiwini kwehliselwe sisuka ku-455 eziyinkulungwane. Ha ukuba 412,9 izinkulungwane. Ha ngokuqondene nokuhlela ukuphathwa bomkhankaso laseSiberia Main Ukuzingela Administration RSFSR.

izimo zezulu

Bhuka "Kuznetsky Alatau» Climate, izithombe zazo kungabonakala kulesi sihloko, ibilokhu wafunda kuyinto engalingani kakhulu. Ngezinye lokushisa ongaphakeme, emoyeni ngobukhulu isilinganiso ngesivinini komoya ukubonwa phakathi nenkathi ebandayo. Lena obonakalayo ikakhulukazi zonyaka zesikhashana. Ngo ekwindla kanye entwasahlobo kungaphezu cishe bayoba nokuthambekela okungafani phephula oya ngesivinini 10-15 amamitha ngomzuzwana. Ngezinye eziqongweni zezintaba emoyeni Isivinini idlule 25-30 amamitha ngomzuzwana, kwezinye izimo kuze kufinyelele 60-70 amamitha ngomzuzwana. Hurricane-force umoya ngenkathi efudumele, ehlobo lika-ijubane yabo ifinyelela 30-34 amamitha ngomzuzwana. Ezimweni eziningi, ngenyanga olufudumele - Julayi. Ngo-June no-Agasti air lokushisa mayelana efanayo.

ezincelisayo

I 65 zezilwane ezincelisayo abahlala Kuznetsky Alatau, kuhlanganise nezinhlobo ezinhlanu ungulates, nantathu - ezizingelayo, ezintathu - lagomorphs, kungamashumi amabili nane - namagundane, eziyisishiyagalolunye - bat kanye nanye - izinambuzane. Ngokuyinhloko agcinele nezilwane umelwe amafomu ehlathini: vole grey emaceleni, Chipmunk, e-Altai imvukuzane, Shrew amancane nokunye. Kukhona futhi nama-moose, impisi, impungushe, Ibhere elinsundu, Otter, Izimbila, vole obomvu kanye ezivamile. Ngakho, ezintabeni Kuznetsky Alatau kukhona indawo yemvelo mpilo ezincelisayo eziyinkimbinkimbi sici Altai-Sayan esifundeni.

izici zemvelo

Isici eyinhloko "Kuznetsky Alatau" Reserve yiyo ukujula iqhwa, kuphela kulesi sifunda yeSiberia. Ngokwesilinganiso, endaweni endaweni evikelwe isifinyelele amamitha amathathu kuya kwamahlanu, futhi ezilwandle intermountain futhi puffing - eziyishumi nanhlanu amamitha. izimo Excellent yokudla izilwane eziyivulayo ayabulala, ikakhulukazi Ngakho-ke, esiqiwini kwakhiwa wezinyamazane futhi bathele imishini. High iqhwa ikhava futhi kuvimbela okokuqandisa nenhlabathi namathafa ka Kuznetsk Alatau, iqinisekisa a yimpumelelo Otter ebusika, mink, muskrat, i-beaver, kanye imvukuzane. Nokho, nezilwane ezincelisayo kwezine njalo obala ingozi ekubhujisweni, + njengasosukwini lokungivivinya elinabantu abaningi kakhulu esifundeni eSiberia - eKemerovo esifundeni - ukuzingela elichumayo emthethweni. Ikakhulukazi kuthinteka zilwane ayimizulane: izinyamazane, amaphiva, izinyamazane. izinombolo zabo esiqiwini uphansi.

Nezilwane inyoni

"Kuznetsky Alatau" - reserve, okuyinto iyikhaya 273 zezinyoni. Njengoba ligcwele kuzo zonke izindawo zakwa-endaweni evikelwe zinhlobo anjalo imihlambi yezinyoni eziyivelakancane njenge-black nonogolantethe. On the Lower Tesi wathola eagle nezinkwazi zindiza isidleke izindawo. I wokugodla uhlalwe izinkozi segolide peregrine. Esikhathini indawo subalpine ungathola Saker nasemahlathini kwaphela - Merlin futhi onesiqhova Honey Buzzard.

Ezindaweni eziphansi futhi phakathi emifuleni uhlala Eagle-yemifino. Okusanda lingandile hawk isikhova, isikhova Ural, nesikhova esinamadlebe amade isikhova, Scops Owl, isikhova elibhekwa njengabaThwa kanye isikhova. Ngo Kuznetsky Alatau kukhona 41 zezinyoni kancane aziwayo futhi ezingavamile. Ukungawuvivinyi umzimba ejwayelekile izakhamizi Boreal kukhona ezihlukahlukene lesiqophamithi, abamnyama lesiqophamithi, Tit tailed, omnyama willow Tit, nuthatch, kuksha, jay, nutcracker, grouse.

Ngo eduze nemifula entabeni uhlalwe Merganser kanye creeks onokuthula oxbow amachibi isidleke Garganey, Pintail, Mallard futhi killer nama. Ihlathi kanye amachibi asezintabeni atholakala duck tufted, uklebe elinekhala futhi ubusika Gogol. Omele eminingi iningi zinhlobo okuzingela zezinyoni nansi black ikhayithi. * Nomthidari, uphayini nasemahlathini zenzeka Blackbirds: ukucula, yisikhulumi, eliphaphathekile laseSiberia mountain ash. Kulezi zindawo ke futhi iyikhaya hen harrier, warbler ensundu Bluethroat.

I nezilwane ezihlukahlukene kwezinhlanzi nezilwane eziphila ezweni

Bhuka "Kuznetsky Alatau" ebalazweni lapho imifula eminingi namachibi, iwukuba 13 kwezinhlobo zezinhlanzi ekhaya. Imifula entabeni ihlangabezana Grayling eSiberia futhi trout kanye yefilakisi. Isibalo izinhlanzi ezitholakala emachibini esiqiwini incane. Kuphela elingenhla Kii River, ungakwazi ukubamba burbot, perch, Pike futhi shipovku abavamile. Kukhona luningi podkamenschik bukhoma pestronogy, Loach laseSiberia, gudgeon, dace futhi minnow emfuleni. Umthombo emfuleni Isilinganiso Tes kahle wafunda futhi wathola i zezinyoni ezingavamile kakhulu izilwane zasemhlabeni - lamprey laseSiberia.

Kuznetsky Alatau iyikhaya ezinhlanu kweziyisikhombisa nesilwane sasolwandle esisodwa, kodwa esiqiwini imvelo uhlalwe ezimbili kuphela: frog idenge lenkangala elimile afabana futhi iselesele grey. Kunezinhlobo ezimbili izinhlobo ezihuquzelayo ezitholakala: nebululu futhi isibankwa viviparous.

Flora

On esiqiwini "Kuznetsky Alatau" atholakala 618 izitshalo semithambo ephakeme, kulinganiselwa ukuthi okuningi 943 izinhlobo amakhambi kwanda kulezi zingxenye, izihlahla kanye izihlahla. Ingxenye enkulu wokugodla ezembethe amahlathi ehlathini entabeni sonwele fir kanye pine laseSiberia, nasemithambekeni empumalanga usuthathelwa larch kanye pine zamahlathi. Ikhava izimila imelelwa zama-zonke izindawo altitudinal: emathafeni ohlanzekile alpine ezimfundeni, omnyama ehlathini, asemaqeleni kanye ihlathi asemaqeleni esishintshashintshayo. izitshalo eziningi ezingavamile sikhule esiqiwini: slipper ntokazi, rhodiola pink, RHAPONTICUM CARTHAMOIDES nabanye.

isiphetho

Insufficiently wafunda expanses ka Kuznetsky Alatau Range. Mezhdurechensk - idolobha elisezweni lase-eKemerovo esifundeni, lapho i-ofisi itholakala State Inhlangano "National Park" Kuznetsky Alatau "." It elibamba ucwaningo ku-ecosystem kulendawo, izinyathelo ukuze kuvikeleke yezimila nezilwane ezihlukahlukene kusukela emiphumeleni elimazayo imisebenti yebantfu, kanye bafeze imisebenzi kwezamasiko kanye nezemfundo. Kuyinto enzima kubalulekile ukuze ulondoloze isimo umama e injalo elicwengekileyo.