Moscow yaseshashalazini: umlando, indawo, ukukala, izithombe, repertoire

Moscow amatiyetha bebelokhu ethandwa kakhulu njalo phakathi izakhamuzi nezivakashi. Nokho, akubona bonke uyazi umlando lezi amathempeli yobuciko. Kulesi sihloko sithatha sihlolisise umlando ezinye edume kunazo yeshashalazi eMoscow futhi udumo lwawo simo.

Grand Theater: Umlando

Isilinganiselwa eMoscow yaseshashalazini ngakwesokudla iholwa elikhulu. It ikhona ekhelini: Moscow, Theatre Square, 1 (m "Okhotny Ryad", "Theatre") .. Loluhlelo isakhiwo yasungulwa ngu wezakhiwo Roseburg, futhi 1776 ethiyetha lakhiwe kuPetru Street. Kuyinto ngenxa indawo ekuqaleni lalibizwa Bolshoi Petrovsky Theatre.

UCatherine II yakhipha umyalo wokuba kube, ekwakheni amakhonsathi alo, masquerades kanye amabhola. Futhi ukusebenza lokuqala, eyaqala lapha, wabizwa ngokuthi "The Wanderer," futhi kwenzeka 1780.

Akwaziwa emlandweni imililo eminyakeni 1805 futhi 1853 zishintshile ngokuphelele ukubukeka kwesakhiwo. Phambi kwabo kwaba Isakhiwo esinezitezi ezintathu isitini nge ifaka zokuhlobisa emhlophe. Lezi zilwane ukuze thina zijwayele, isakhiwo atholwe kuphela phakathi nokubusa u-Alexander II.

Ezikhathini zaseSoviet, eziningi babebanga isiphetho Bolshoi Theatre. Kwakukhona ngisho isiphakamiso ukuyivala. Kodwa uhulumeni namanje isinqumo ukuze bafeze ukuvuselelwa yaseshashalazini ngo-1922.

Isimo samanje Bolshoi Theatre

Kuze kube manje, lo Bolshoi Theatre iyona edume kunayo hhayi kuphela e-Russia kodwa futhi emhlabeni wonke. Ukuze i-opera, i-ballet ukusebenza, anakho amakamelo amathathu:

1. Sezomlando. Nguye kuphela wavula ngemuva kabusha ngo-2011, kodwa isimo lapha sifana Imperial (imigqa emihle, obomvu negolide imibala). Kulesi Igumbi kuyavumelana izibukeli mayelana 2500.
2. Leli hholo elisha. Yavula ngo-2002, ingaphakathi lihlotshiswe twist yesimanje. It kufanela lapha abantu mayelana 928.
3. Beethoven Hall. Lokhu ihholo ubhekwa the eyinkimbinkimbi kakhulu emhlabeni. The elingaphakathi ahlotshiswe isitayela uLouis XV. Lezi zakhiwo ungavumeli ukuba abantu abaningi kangaka, ngakho kuleli gumbi, zikhona izihlalo ezibukwayo mayelana 320 kuphela.

Bolshoi Theatre repertoire kuhlanganisa ukusebenza ezifana owaziwa, efana ballet "Ivan Grozny", the opera "uMlobokazi I Tsar sika" futhi "Ukuhlanganiswa Figaro", umdanso we-ballet "Romeo and Juliet" nezinye eziningi ezenziwe esezuze ngokumthanda.

Theatre "Lenk"

"Lenk" ngokufanelekile osesikhundleni wesibili e simo sethu.

Njengoba siyasho futhi esibhekela amathiyetha eMoscow, indawo esiqondile "Lenkom": Ul. Ephansi Dmitrovka. 6 m. "Pushkinska" "Chekhovskaya" "Tverskaya".

Ngaphambili, "Lenk" wabizwa ngokuthi i-Moscow State Theatre of the Lenin Komsomol. Yavula ngo-1927, kodwa isakhiwo lapho itholakala, linomlando othakazelisayo. Ngo-1917 lalisetshenziswa inhlangano yezombangazwe ngokuthi "Indlu nezinxushunxushu", ngemva kwesikhashana - umsebenzi School of Party. Ngemva kwesikhathi esithile, isakhiwo yabusa Communist University. By endleleni, lapha ngaphezu kwesikhathi esisodwa isinyathelo uVladimir Lenin.

ke kuphela kwanqunywa ngo-1923 ukusebenzisa isakhiwo imicimbi yomphakathi. Futhi ngo-1927 wavula lapha Theatre of Ukusebenza Youth (tram). ngo-1933 kuphela kwathiwa ihlanganiswe ne-studio waseshashalazini Simon awunika igama lokuthi Lenin Komsomol Theater. Ngo-1990 kwathiwa uqambe "Lenkom".

Kuze kube namuhla, "Lenk" ihlala omunye amathiyetha ethandwa kakhulu Russian Federation. elifudumele bese ethokomele kumele liqinisekise ukuthi ukubuya ngokuphindaphindiwe futhi ujabulele ubuciko.

Repertoire eMoscow amatiyetha wehlukile kakhulu, futhi "Lenk" wayedume ukusebenza kwakhe "Walpurgis Night", "Juno futhi Avos", "jester Balakirev", "Requiem", "I Cherry Orchard," "Umngani Gynt" kanye nabanye, lokuqoqa izaziso zinjalo.

Theatre wezizwe

Theatre Ikheli: Moscow, Petrovsky Pereulok, 3 (m "Pushkinskaya", "laseChekhov", "Tverskaya") ..

Uma ucabangela eMoscow amatiyetha owaziwa, awukwazi sikhohlwe Theatre of Nations. It inomlando omude kakhulu futhi ezithakazelisayo futhi endaweni yesithathu ku simo eMoscow ebhayisikobho. Kukholakala ukuthi lalimisa eyasungulwa ngo-1987.

Esikhathini kusuka 1885 kuya 1933 lesi sakhiwo wayengumJuda yaseshashalazini Korsch, owabhekana eziningi ube nezikhathi ezinzima nezimnandi. Ekuqaleni wayengumuntu ethandwa kakhulu - ozama ukuyisebenzisa ubuchwepheshe obusha. Elite ezama ukuvakashela kuye ukubona ngazitholela kanjani izinto axazulule: egumbini sigqoka, ehholo, eydijithali. Ngenkathi lonke izikhungo esisetshenziselwa ukukhanyisa igesi, ugesi selivele liyasetshenziswa. Ngakho-ke, ukuthandwa ethiyetha lakhuphuka ngokushesha okukhulu.

Kodwa entsha eMoscow Art Theatre lavulwa ngo 1898, futhi izilaleli kancane kancane wayithatha. Theatre Korsch impumelelo kwancipha, kodwa hhayi isikhathi eside. Ngo-1917, indaba yakhe baqhubeka. Washintsha eziningi amagama: Moscow Drama Theatre, lobambiswano kanye nezinye abaculi. Ngemva nje kancane kwalokho, igatsha YaseMoscow Art Theatre wenza yaseshashalazini, kanye lesi sakhiwo wayengumJuda avaliwe. Ukusebenza zokugcina wawuba ngasekuqaleni 1932.

Isivuliwe nkundla engu-55 kuphela, ngo-1987. Futhi ngo-1991, yena waba uqambe Theatre of Nations. Futhi kuze kube namuhla luhlala luwuhlamvu lunye impumelelo eRussia, futhi abaningi bathambekele usivakashele.

Kukhona ezibekwe ukusebenza ezifana "silima", "kwengobe Fair", "umshado", "Kaligula" "izindaba Shukshina" et al.

Ihlaya Theatre: Umlando

Lokhu nkundla yesine ku simo ethandwa eMoscow ebhayisikobho. indawo yayo: Moscow, endaweni Arc, d 2 (m "Mayakovskaya".) ..

Ihlaya Theatre inomlando ezithakazelisa kakhulu futhi ecebile. It lavulwa ngo-1924. Sici Its ehlukile wukuthi ukusebenza amaningi ayehlatshelelwa okuhleliwe lapha, kwakuthengwa uvinjelwe. Ngokwesibonelo, "Ivan," noma "A Thumela Kuyazuzisa".

Emlandweni ethiyetha is hhayi nje ushintshe ikheli layo. Triumfalnaya Square, lapho likhona manje, wabonakala 70s kwekhulu lamashumi amabili. Futhi ekuqaleni Ihlaya Theatre wawusegunjini Gnezdilovskom alley egumbini. Yiqiniso, ethandwa kakhulu wayengezwanga wajabulela, kodwa manje usengomunye yezindawo owavakashela kakhulu enhlokodolobha.

Isimo samanje Ihlaya Theatre

Umlando eMoscow amatiyetha ezithakazelisayo ngokungavamile futhi kujabulise. Kodwa isimo samanje akukho zabo ngaphansi sithakazelise kuzo zonke izivakashi kanye nezakhamuzi eMoscow. Ngakho, kuze kube manje, Ihlaya Theatre ifakwe ngokuvumelana entuthukweni yezobuchwepheshe. Hall izilaleli likhulu kakhulu, ukuze ukwazi ukubona kunabantu mayelana 1217. Egumbini babe zonke izinto ezidaliwe induduzo izibukeli, kanjalo kubeka isimo sabo futhi nice ukubukwa yesehlakalo.

Imisebenzi ukuthi azibeka okuwusizo kakhulu futhi ezithakazelisayo kuze kube manje, ngakho igumbi ngesikhathi isethulo uhlale egcwele abantu. Repertoire Theatre of Ihlaya imikhiqizo abaningi abadumile - "The isipho lomshado", "Usuku Crazy noma Ngomshado Figaro", "Phaphama futhi Sing!", "I Threepenny Opera," "Dog in the Manger" nabanye.

Izithombe eMoscow yeshashalazi, kuhlanganise Theatre of Ihlaya, ungabona esihlokweni.

Theatre "Contemporary"

Uma ucabangela engcono eMoscow yeshashalazi, awukwazi sikhohlwe "Contemporary", okuyinto ucedzela sohlelo amatiyetha ezinhlanu ethandwa eMoscow. indawo yayo: Moscow, Chistoprudniy Boulevard, 19 (. m "amachibi Oluhlanzekile ') ..

"Contemporary" yasungulwa ngo 1956 by abadlali abasha ababefundisiwe eSikoleni YaseMoscow Art Theatre. A ukusebenza lokuqala senziwa Apreli 15 okuwunyaka sibone ukuthi izithameli, ngokuthi "Ever-ophilayo". Iminyaka embalwa yokuqala khona, iqembu abadlali abasha ukubeka ngendlela adlale ngayo kule zamasiko ezehlukene kanye nezinye izikhungo ezifanayo. Ngo-1961 befika esakhiweni Mayakovsky Square, okwakubekelwa ngokushesha acekela. Kusukela ngo-1974, i- "Sovremennik" yaseshashalazini zaqala Chistoprudny Boulevard, lapho namanje namuhla.

Manje kule nkundla hhayi kuphela Muscovites, kodwa futhi abakhileyo lonke lelo zwe ethandwa kakhulu. Isidingo amathikithi kuphezulu kakhulu, ngakho ngokuvamile wathenga up eside ngaphambi okuhleliwe ukusebenza usuku. Zonke izethulo "Sovremennik" yaseshashalazini indima abadlali ethandwa, abaziwa ngokuthi umphakathi ngendima eminingi yama-movie.

I repertoire kukhona ukusebenza ezifana "abesifazane Isikhathi", "Gorbounov futhi GORCHAKOV", "Emilia Galotti" et al.

isiphetho

Ngakho, esihlokweni sabuka YaseMoscow yaseshashalazini kunazo owaziwa, okuyinto namuhla athandwa kakhulu phakathi kwabantu. Ngamunye has umlando walo ezithakazelisayo futhi bevakashela noma yisiphi sazo, uthola eziningi imizwelo futhi energy oqondile.