Pension umthetho. UMthetho Federal "Ngo zabasebenzi izimpesheni in Russian Federation", N 173-FZ ka 17.12.2001

Umthetho Wezikhwama udlala indima ebalulekile inqubomgomo yezenhlalakahle. Futhi omunye iziqondiso eziyisisekelo kulokhu nomthetho obusa yokukhokha kwezimpesheni.

izici Jikelele

UMthetho Federal "Ngo zabasebenzi impesheni" kuhlanganisa ngaphakathi oyiyo ingqikithi 32 Lezi zihloko zihlelwe zaba izahluko 7. It wamukelwa ngonyaka 2001, futhi ngokuphindaphindiwe okushintshiwe. Namuhla isetshenziswa kulesi sibalo usayizi izimpesheni Imihlomulo yomshuwalense ukubala indlela.

Naphezu ekunqanyulweni kwe izihloko eziningi, lo mthetho akusibuyiseli ulungiselela izivivinyo e-social security, kodwa futhi ukuqonda ukuthi accrual ka imihlomulo yempesheni, igunya ngenxa yomsebenzi elithelayo. Pension umthetho mayelana isiqondiso zomsebenzi empeleni isekelwe le-NPA.

On izikhundla jikelele

Isahluko sokuqala uMthetho Federal 173 kuhlanganisa 6 izihloko. Kusukela emigqeni yokuqala idokhumenti normative kuqhakambisa izakhamuzi yokuthi inkokhelo kwezimpesheni ngokuhambisana nomthetho wabantu bonke. Esihlokweni kuqala imithetho jikelele obuvamile iziqondiso kakhulu. Ngokwesibonelo, kuthiwani uma ephambana namazinga omhlaba kanye nomthetho wamanje, kuphezulu kunikezwa kuqala. Siphinde sinikeze uhlu ngohlaka lomthetho okuletha ukubaluleka yesibili nenqubomgomo yezenhlalakahle bebonke.

Isihloko esilandelayo iqukethe eziningi imiqondo ezidingekayo ukuze athole ukucaciseleka incazelo yaleli PPA ku impesheni. Ngokwesibonelo, ngokuvamile ezisetshenziswa izincazelo lapha yilezi: impesheni yomhlalaphansi, ubudala, izimali zempesheni, akhawunti siqu, ozongela umhlalaphansi, nokuningi. Isahluko sokuqala futhi uveza abantu abaletha Unelungelo lokuthola lolu hlobo lokukhokha, kanye nezinhlobo impesheni:

• sokuguga;
• nokukhubazeka;
• uma yokulahlekelwa.

Ngesikhathi esifanayo izingxenye ecacisiwe azakhele izinkokhelo okuhlangene: umshwalense kanye nempesheni uxhaso.

On isimo kokuthola yokukhokha

Isahluko sesibili soMthetho "Ngo zabasebenzi izimpesheni in Russian Federation" imayelana izimo ngokushesha akhona ngesikhathi sokukhokha zokubuyiselwa umhlaba. Ngakho, isakhamuzi ofisa ukuthola impesheni yomhlalaphansi, kumelwe usuneminyaka esibekiwe (abesifazane - engu-55, amadoda - 60). impesheni Umhlalaphansi kwenzeka zokuguga ikhokhwa khona ezinhlanu noma ngaphezulu ubudala.

Ngaphezu kwalokho, kuye ngokuthi uhlobo yempesheni, zikhona nezinye izimo yokuthola izinkokhelo. Ngakho, izinzuzo abasindile 'ungamukela wonke izakhamuzi ehlatshwa ababe abathembele oshonile noma oshonile. Nokho, abantu abanjalo ayikwazi basebentise lilungelo labo ukuthola impesheni zabasebenzi esimweni izenzo ezingekho emthethweni maqondana umondli. Ngokwesibonelo, uma indodakazi wayebulele uyise ukuze ukhokhelwe.

Umthetho Wezikhwama inikeza uhlu abantu abafanelekela ukuthola lolu hlobo izinzuzo:

1. Izingane nabazukulu, abazalwane nodade abangu-umondli abangazange sebethole yobudala.
2. Omunye izihlobo, kuhlanganise naye, uma ukwenza ekunakekeleni ingane yabo noma isakhamuzi ekhubazekile.
3. Ogogo nomkhulu abaye sokumpeshena.

Abondliwa kulokhu kukhona abantu babo imali eningi enikelwa ngokugcwele noma abelwe ongasekho kukhona komthombo aziphilisa ngawo yangaphambili. Kubalulekile ukukhumbula ukuthi, owasinda impesheni yomhlalaphansi agcinwayo ngisho noma umshado esikhathini esizayo.

Mayelana nakho

Isahluko 3 zoMthetho Federal "Ngo zabasebenzi izimpesheni in Russian Federation" lunikezelwe ubudala. Kule ngxenye, ukunakekela okukhethekile emathembeni ukuze izinkathi umsebenzi, okuyinto ngokusemthethweni njengokusoka isipiliyoni somsebenzi. Ngakho, imfuneko impesheni umsebenzi kukhona iminikelo umqashi eyenziwe RF Sempesheni esibhalisiwe. Ngokwesibonelo, uma uneminyaka engaphezu kweminyaka engu-5 ukusebenzela usomabhizinisi owanika inkokhelo "imvilophi" ke ngalesi sikhathi ngeke ukwazi ukucela impesheni yomhlalaphansi, eqinisweni, ungenawo amalungelo wayo.

Ngaphezu kwalokho, umthetho esihlokweni ahlukene kuqhakambisa nezinye izinkathi ukuba abalwe sivumele isishaya-mthetho. Lesi sahluko sibuye kubonisa oda kubala isiqinisekiso umshwalense.

Mayelana usayizi izinkokhelo

Pension umthetho, njengoba kubonakala kula umthetho samanje, usungula ubukhulu nesikhundla ukukhokhelwa. Isigaba 14 kuyinto uchungechunge amafomula ngawo isakhamuzi ngasinye uzokwazi ukubala inani zenkokhiso efanele kuye. Ukuze izibalo wazibonakalisa lesifanele, udinga ukwazi imingcele ezilandelayo:

• inani ibalwa impesheni dolobha;
• usayizi esinqunyiwe impesheni zabasebenzi umhlalaphansi;
• inani lezinyanga kulindeleke ukubuyiswa kwemali isikhathi, okuyinto engu-19 ubudala (sengathi kungase kuzwakale lokhu kuyadabukisa, kodwa kuzo zonke isimo impesheni empeleni ezanquma bungakanani ubude bokuphila - izinyanga 228, noma iminyaka engu-19).

Uma uthi nhlá, lezi zibalo Ubonakala kakhulu yibe yinto exakayo, kodwa yiliphi ibhangi, ehhovisi lentela noma idatha isikhungo esisodwa Ngemizuzwana wena sizochaza algorithm ukubala. Phakathi konke lokhu kwesahluko kunezizathu yakhula kakhulu, ngoba iqukethe lenqwaba amafomula amanani elimisiwe izinkokhelo.

Futhi ekugcineni ...

Njengoba esithi okufakayo 18 kuya kwezingu-32, basuke elalinikezelwe zokubala kabusha, aphoyintimenti kanye nokubuyekeza kokukhokhwa kwempesheni kanye oda lokukhipha nokwamukela yempesheni kwakho kokubili lokho okuqokelekile. La malungiselelo kakhulu ezihlobene imisebenzi ejensi nezincomo zikamasipala ezibhekwa ngayo uhulumeni ukuthi kunezigidi ezenza inkonzo ikhasimende.

Ngaphezu kwalokho, e lezi zahluko ukubhekana ne Ezimweni ezingavamile ka zokubala kabusha uma amaphutha, ukwephula umthetho, kanye inattention umsebenzi umhlalaphansi isikhungo. Esahlukweni sesihlanu uyazinaka umehluko wemisindo nemiqondo yamagama efana eyisa impesheni, ubani-ke ikhokhelwa, kungakhathaliseki ilungelo isakhamuzi ukuyithola ukuqaliswa umsebenzi.

Esihlokweni 19 kuqhakambisa isikhathi izinkokhelo, isibonelo, impesheni umsebenzi ukukhubazeka ekhokhwa kusukela ngosuku ukuqashelwa uma kunomuntu okhubazekile, uma wakhalaza kuziphathimandla ezifanele ngaphambi kokuphela kwezinyanga ezingu-12 ngemva esabelweni isimo esinjalo.